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- William_Calcraft abstract "William Calcraft (1800 – 13 December 1879) was the most famous English hangman of the 19th century. One of the most prolific British executioners of all time, it is estimated that he carried out 450 executions during his 45-year career. A cobbler by trade, Calcraft was initially recruited to flog juvenile offenders held in Newgate Prison after meeting the City of London's hangman, John Foxton, while selling meat pies in the streets around the prison.Following Foxton's death, Calcraft was appointed the official Executioner for the City of London and Middlesex. His services as an executioner were in great demand throughout England, but his controversial use of the short-drop method of hanging, in which the victims were strangled rather than had their vertebrae broken by the fall when the trapdoor on the gallows was released, caused some to consider him incompetent. Many took several minutes to die, and to hasten their deaths Calcraft sometimes pulled on their legs, or even climbed on their shoulders in an attempt to break their necks. Calcraft's antics on the gallows may have been intended to entertain the crowds of more than 30,000 that sometimes attended his executions.Executions in England were carried out in public until 1868, but a change in the law that year meant that they could only take place in prisons. Calcraft officiated at the last public and the first private English executions, both in 1868. Among his victims were Marie and Frederick Manning, the first husband and wife to be hanged together since 1700.".
- William_Calcraft birthDate "1800".
- William_Calcraft birthPlace Great_Baddow.
- William_Calcraft birthYear "1800".
- William_Calcraft deathDate "1879-12-13".
- William_Calcraft deathPlace Hoxton.
- William_Calcraft deathYear "1879".
- William_Calcraft lccnId "nb/2008/10427".
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- William_Calcraft dateOfBirth "1800".
- William_Calcraft dateOfDeath "1879-12-13".
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- William_Calcraft lccn "nb/2008/10427".
- William_Calcraft name "Calcraft, William".
- William_Calcraft placeOfBirth Great_Baddow.
- William_Calcraft placeOfDeath Hoxton.
- William_Calcraft quote "At a quarter to 8 he [Mapp] was brought into the pinioning room, where the governor of the gaol formally handed him over to Calcraft ... Beyond a slight trembling of the limbs he displayed no sign of fear ... He walked steadily up the winding staircase to the tower on which the gallows was erected, and preserved his extraordinary firmness even on the drop while Calcraft was adjusting the rope. He said 'Good-bye' when Calcraft shook hands with him, and as he left him he turned his head as if about to speak, but at that moment the drop fell ... In turning his head round Mapp displaced the rope, and the noose was brought round almost under his chin, the consequence being that the fall not being immediately fatal, he struggled for half a minute before he died.".
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- William_Calcraft source "Account of the execution on 9 April 1869 of John Mapp at Shrewsbury Gaol for the murder of a young girl, Catherine Lewis".
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- William_Calcraft description "19th-century hangman".
- William_Calcraft description "19th-century hangman".
- William_Calcraft subject Category:1800_births.
- William_Calcraft subject Category:1879_deaths.
- William_Calcraft subject Category:English_executioners.
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- William_Calcraft comment "William Calcraft (1800 – 13 December 1879) was the most famous English hangman of the 19th century. One of the most prolific British executioners of all time, it is estimated that he carried out 450 executions during his 45-year career.".
- William_Calcraft label "William Calcraft".
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- William_Calcraft depiction William-calcraft.jpg.
- William_Calcraft givenName "William".
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- William_Calcraft name "William Calcraft".
- William_Calcraft surname "Calcraft".