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- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne abstract "William Petty, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne, KG, PC (2 May 1737 – 7 May 1805), known as The Earl of Shelburne between 1761 and 1784, by which title he is generally known to history, was an Irish-born British Whig statesman who was the first Home Secretary in 1782 and then Prime Minister 1782–1783 during the final months of the American War of Independence. He succeeded in securing peace with America and this feat remains his legacy. He was also well known as a collector of antiquities and works of artLord Shelburne was born in Dublin in 1737 and spent his formative years in Ireland. After attending Oxford University he served in the British army during the Seven Years' War taking part in the Raid on Rochefort and the Battle of Minden. As a reward for his conduct at the Battle of Kloster Kampen Shelburne was appointed an aide-de-camp to George III. He became involved in politics, becoming a Member of Parliament in 1760. After his father's death in 1761 he inherited his title and was elevated to the House of Lords and took an active role in politics. He served as President of the Board of Trade in the Grenville Ministry but resigned this position after only a few months and began to associate with the opposition leader William Pitt.When Pitt was made Prime Minister in 1766 Shelburne was appointed as Southern Secretary, a position which he held for two years. He departed office during the Corsican Crisis and joined the Opposition. Along with Pitt he was an advocate of a conciliatory policy towards Britain's American Colonies and a long-term critic of the North Government's measures in America. Following the fall of the North government Shelburne joined its replacement led by Lord Rockingham. Shelburne was made Prime Minister in 1782 following Rockingham's death with the American War still being fought. Shelburne's government was brought down largely due to the terms of the Peace of Paris which brought the conflict to an end which were considered excessively generous.Shelburne was one of the first British statesmen to advocate free trade, his conversion to which he attributed to a journey he made to London in 1761, when he accompanied Adam Smith. In 1795 he described this to Dugald Stewart:I owe to a journey I made with Mr Smith from Edinburgh to London, the difference between light and darkness through the best part of my life. The novelty of his principles, added to my youth and prejudices, made me unable to comprehend them at the time, but he urged them with so much benevolence, as well as eloquence, that they took a certain hold, which, though it did not develope itself so as to arrive at full conviction for some few years after, I can fairly say, has constituted, ever since, the happiness of my life, as well as any little consideration I may have enjoyed in it.".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne activeYearsEndDate "1768-10-20".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne activeYearsEndDate "1782-07-10".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne activeYearsEndDate "1783-04-02".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne activeYearsStartDate "1766-07-30".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne activeYearsStartDate "1782-03-27".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne activeYearsStartDate "1782-07-04".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne almaMater Christ_Church,_Oxford.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthDate "1737-05-02".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace County_Dublin.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace Dublin.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace Ireland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace Kingdom_of_Ireland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthYear "1737".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathDate "1805-05-07".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace Berkeley_Square.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace London.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace Middlesex.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace Westminster.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathYear "1805".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne monarch George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne orderInOffice "Leader of the House of Lords".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne orderInOffice "Prime Minister of Great Britain".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne orderInOffice "Secretary of State for the Home Department".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne orderInOffice "Secretary of State for the Southern Department".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne party Whigs_(British_political_party).
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeMinister Augustus_FitzRoy,_3rd_Duke_of_Grafton.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeMinister Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeMinister William_Pitt,_1st_Earl_of_Chatham.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne religion English_Dissenters.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne successor Thomas_Thynne,_1st_Marquess_of_Bath.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne successor Thomas_Townshend,_1st_Viscount_Sydney.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne successor William_Cavendish-Bentinck,_3rd_Duke_of_Portland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne thumbnail William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne_by_Jean_Laurent_Mosnier.jpg?width=300.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne viafId "47520916".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne wikiPageExternalLink umich-wcl-M-66she.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne wikiPageExternalLink william-petty-2nd-earl-of-shelburne.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne wikiPageID "309008".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne wikiPageRevisionID "603436693".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne after John_Petty,_2nd_Marquess_of_Lansdowne.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne after William_Cavendish-Bentinck,_3rd_Duke_of_Portland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne almaMater Christ_Church,_Oxford.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne as Secretary_of_State_for_the_Southern_Department.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne before Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne before Wills_Hill,_1st_Marquess_of_Downshire.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthDate "1737-05-02".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace County_Dublin.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace Dublin.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne birthPlace Kingdom_of_Ireland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne children "3".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne dateOfBirth "1737-05-02".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne dateOfDeath "1805-05-07".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathDate "1805-05-07".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace Berkeley_Square.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace Middlesex.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne deathPlace Westminster.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne hasPhotoCollection William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne honorificPrefix The_Most_Honourable.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne honorificSuffix Order_of_the_Garter.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne honorificSuffix Privy_Council_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne imagesize "240".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne monarch George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne monarch "George III".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne name "Shelburne, William Petty, 2nd Earl of".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne name "The Marquess of Lansdowne".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne order Home_Secretary.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne order Leader_of_the_House_of_Lords.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne order Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne order Secretary_of_State_for_the_Southern_Department.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne party Whigs_(British_political_party).
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne placeOfBirth Dublin.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne placeOfBirth Ireland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne placeOfDeath Berkeley_Square.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne placeOfDeath London.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne predecessor Charles_Lennox,_3rd_Duke_of_Richmond.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne predecessor Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne predecessor "Office established".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne predecessor "The Earl of Hillsborough as Southern Secretary".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne predecessor "The Viscount Stormont as Northern Secretary".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeminister Augustus_FitzRoy,_3rd_Duke_of_Grafton.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeminister Charles_Watson-Wentworth,_2nd_Marquess_of_Rockingham.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeminister William_Pitt,_1st_Earl_of_Chatham.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne primeminister "Himself".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne religion English_Dissenters.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne rows "2".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne shortDescription "Irish politician".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne spouse "Louisa".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne spouse "Sophia".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne successor Thomas_Thynne,_1st_Marquess_of_Bath.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne successor Thomas_Townshend,_1st_Viscount_Sydney.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne successor William_Cavendish-Bentinck,_3rd_Duke_of_Portland.
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne termEnd "1768-10-20".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne termEnd "1782-07-10".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne termEnd "1783-04-02".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne termStart "1766-07-30".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne termStart "1782-03-27".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne termStart "1782-07-04".
- William_Petty,_2nd_Earl_of_Shelburne title Earl_of_Shelburne.