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- Women_in_Kazakhstan abstract "Women in Kazakhstan are European women who live in or are from Kazakhstan. Like its 1993 predecessor, the 1995 constitution of Kazakhstan defends women's rights implicitly, if not entirely explicitly. The document guarantees citizens of Kazakhstan the right to work and forbids discrimination based on geographic origin, gender, race, nationality, religious or political belief, and language.In practice, social opinion tends to associate women in the workplace with the abuses of the Soviet past. The early 1990s saw the loss of more than 100,000 day-care spaces, and public opinion strongly favors returning primary responsibility for the rearing and educating of children to mothers. In April 1995, President Nazarbayev said that one of the republic's goals must be to create an economy in which a mother can work at home, raising her children. This general opinion has been reflected in governmental appointments and private enterprise; almost no women occupy senior positions in the country, either in government or in business.The declining birth rate is another issue with the potential to become politicized because it affects the demographic "race" between Kazaks and Russians. With demographic statistics in mind, Kazak nationalist parties have attempted to ban abortions and birth control for Kazak women; they have also made efforts to reduce the number of Kazak women who have children outside marriage. In 1988, the last year for which there are figures, 11.24 percent of the births in the republic were to unmarried women. Such births were slightly more common in cities (12.72 percent) than in rural areas (9.67 percent), suggesting that such births may be more common among Russians than among Kazaks.Women's health issues have not been addressed effectively in Kazakhstan. Maternal mortality rates average 80 per 10,000 births for the entire country, but they are believed to be much higher in rural areas. Of the 4.2 million women of childbearing age, an estimated 15 percent have borne seven or more children. Nevertheless, in 1992 the number of abortions exceeded the number of births, although the high percentage of early-stage abortions performed in private clinics complicates data gathering. According to one expert estimate, the average per woman is five abortions. Rising abortion rates are attributable, at least in part, to the high price or unavailability of contraceptive devices, which became much less accessible after 1991. In 1992 an estimated 15 percent of women were using some form of contraception.".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan thumbnail Kazakh_woman.jpg?width=300.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan wikiPageID "16084433".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan wikiPageRevisionID "582007083".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan caption "Kazakh woman, 2005".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan femed "99.3".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan ggg "0.7218".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan gggRank "32".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan gii "0.312".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan giiRank "51.0".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan hasPhotoCollection Women_in_Kazakhstan.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan matdeath "51".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan womlab "66.6".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan womparl "18.2".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan subject Category:Women_in_Kazakhstan.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Adult109605289.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type CausalAgent100007347.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Female109619168.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type LivingThing100004258.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Object100002684.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Organism100004475.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Person100007846.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Whole100003553.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type Woman110787470.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type WomenByNationality.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type WomenInKazakhstan.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type YagoLegalActor.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan type YagoLegalActorGeo.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan comment "Women in Kazakhstan are European women who live in or are from Kazakhstan. Like its 1993 predecessor, the 1995 constitution of Kazakhstan defends women's rights implicitly, if not entirely explicitly. The document guarantees citizens of Kazakhstan the right to work and forbids discrimination based on geographic origin, gender, race, nationality, religious or political belief, and language.In practice, social opinion tends to associate women in the workplace with the abuses of the Soviet past.".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan label "Women in Kazakhstan".
- Women_in_Kazakhstan sameAs Q8031454.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan sameAs Q8031454.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan sameAs Women_in_Kazakhstan.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan wasDerivedFrom Women_in_Kazakhstan?oldid=582007083.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan depiction Kazakh_woman.jpg.
- Women_in_Kazakhstan isPrimaryTopicOf Women_in_Kazakhstan.