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- Yok-Utian_languages abstract "Yok-Utian (also Hotian) is a proposed language family of California. It consists of the Yokutsan and Utian families.While connections between Yokutsan and Utian languages were noticed through attempts to reconstruct their proto-languages in 1986, it was not until 1991 that Yok-Utian was proposed and named by Geoffrey Gamble. Yok-Utian has been further supported by Catherine Callaghan, who has argued for the family’s existence on the basis of lexical, morphological, and phonological similarities between the reconstructed proto-languages. However, she and others have noted that while it is compelling, the evidence presented is not conclusive.According to the proposal, the Yok-Utian proto-language was spoken by a group originating in the Great Basin at least as early as 4500 BC. There was a division around 2500 BC, as the group which began speaking Proto-Utian migrated from the Great Basin into California. Proto-Miwok began to emerge in the northern Bay Area between 1000 and 500 BC, and began to spread west and south. Proto-Costanoan emerged in the eastern Bay Area, splitting from the larger Utian group sometime after 1500 BC, if not earlier. The language that remained in the Great Basin turned into proto-Yokuts before gradually splitting into the various languages of the Yokutsan family and only later began to migrate into California. However, Scott DeLancey and Victor Golla have proposed that the language distribution could be the result of a single migration of Yok-Utian speakers who later spread out throughout California.One component of the evidence offered for Yok-Utian is that of sound correspondences in the reconstructed proto-languages for Yokuts and the Utian family, such as the sample below.However, while the reconstructed correspondences can be compelling, they are not conclusive. As the speakers of the Yokuts and Utian languages were in contact with one another for hundreds or thousands of years, it is entirely possible that the sound correspondences are the result of borrowing, rather than a common linguistic ancestor.While Yok-Utian can be included in the larger Penutian proposal, the Yok-Utian proposal does not directly support Penutian.".
- Yok-Utian_languages thumbnail Yok-utian_langs.png?width=300.
- Yok-Utian_languages wikiPageExternalLink tribmap.html.
- Yok-Utian_languages wikiPageID "4020701".
- Yok-Utian_languages wikiPageRevisionID "603129610".
- Yok-Utian_languages altname "Hotian".
- Yok-Utian_languages child Utian_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages child Yokutsan_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages fam Penutian_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages familycolor "American".
- Yok-Utian_languages glotto "none".
- Yok-Utian_languages hasPhotoCollection Yok-Utian_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages map "Yok-utian langs.png".
- Yok-Utian_languages mapcaption "Pre-contact distribution of Yok-Utian languages".
- Yok-Utian_languages name "Yok-Utian".
- Yok-Utian_languages region California.
- Yok-Utian_languages subject Category:Indigenous_languages_of_California.
- Yok-Utian_languages subject Category:Penutian_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages subject Category:Yok-Utian_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Abstraction100002137.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Class107997703.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Collection107951464.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Communication100033020.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Group100031264.
- Yok-Utian_languages type IndigenousLanguage106903519.
- Yok-Utian_languages type IndigenousLanguagesOfCalifornia.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Language106282651.
- Yok-Utian_languages type PenutianLanguages.
- Yok-Utian_languages type Yok-UtianLanguages.
- Yok-Utian_languages comment "Yok-Utian (also Hotian) is a proposed language family of California. It consists of the Yokutsan and Utian families.While connections between Yokutsan and Utian languages were noticed through attempts to reconstruct their proto-languages in 1986, it was not until 1991 that Yok-Utian was proposed and named by Geoffrey Gamble.".
- Yok-Utian_languages label "Lenguas yokutianas".
- Yok-Utian_languages label "Yok-Utian languages".
- Yok-Utian_languages sameAs Lenguas_yokutianas.
- Yok-Utian_languages sameAs m.0bcx53.
- Yok-Utian_languages sameAs Q2886186.
- Yok-Utian_languages sameAs Q2886186.
- Yok-Utian_languages sameAs Yok-Utian_languages.
- Yok-Utian_languages wasDerivedFrom Yok-Utian_languages?oldid=603129610.
- Yok-Utian_languages depiction Yok-utian_langs.png.
- Yok-Utian_languages isPrimaryTopicOf Yok-Utian_languages.