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- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond abstract "Manuel III Megas Komnenos (Greek: Μανουήλ Γ΄ Μέγας Κομνηνός, Manouēl III Megas Komnēnos) (December 16, 1364 – March 5, 1417) was Emperor of Trebizond from March 20, 1390 to his death in 1417. He was the son of Emperor Alexios III of Trebizond by Theodora Kantakouzene.Manuel became the heir of his father in 1377, after the death of his elder brother Basil. In the same year he married Gulkhan-Eudokia of Georgia, the widow of his elder half-brother Andronikos, and a daughter of King David IX of Georgia. His second wife, whom he married in 1395, was Anna Philanthropene of the Byzantine Doukas family.The major event of Manuel's reign was the arrival of the Central Asian conqueror Tamerlane to Anatolia. The Battle of Ankara in 1402 and the defeat of Sultan Bayezid I benefited the Empire considerably by crushing the expanding Ottoman Turks, who posed a serious threat to the Empire. Tamerlane demanded that Manuel and his army join him in the coming war with the Ottoman Turks, but somehow the Emperor avoided this demand, although he did contribute twenty galleys to Tamerlane's general effort.When Tamerlane left Asia Minor in 1403, part of his army detached from the whole to visit the city of Kerasous and it was presumably by their ravages that the rule of Melissenos at Oinaion was destroyed. Only the mountains around Kerasous prevented them from venturing any further, much to the relief of the people of Trebizond. Tamerlane also put his nephew Mirza Halil in charge of the affairs of Armenia, Trebizond, and Georgia, but with his father's death in 1405 Halil rushed off to assume the throne at Samarkand.Mirza Halil's departure created a power vacuum which was filled by the Kara Koyunlu, or the "Black Sheep" Turkmen. Manuel handed this threat through diplomacy, following the established practice of his family of absorbing them into his family through marriage. One of his daughters became the wife of the most dangerous rulers, Qara Yusuf of the Kara Koyunlu. Another was wedded to Ali Beg, Khan of their rivals the Aq Qoyunlu, or the "White Sheep" Turkmen. His oldest daughter became the third wife of Emperor John VIII Palaiologos while his youngest became the first wife of George Brankovich of Serbia.The ambassador to Tamerlane Ruy Gonzáles de Clavijo was received by Manuel while passing through Trebizond in April 1404 and wrote the following of Manuel:The Emperor and his son were dressed in imperial robes. They wore on their heads tall hats surmounted by golden cords, on the top of which were cranes' feathers; and the hats were bound with the skins of martens ... This Emperor pays tribute to Timur Beg, and to other Turks, who are his neighbours. He is married to a relation of the Emperor of Constantinople, and his son is married to the daughter of a knight of Constantinople, and has two little daughters.Relations with Venice were better than with Genoa. In 1391 a pact was concluded, on the lines of the treaty of 1319, which reduced the dues Venice paid and confirmed the old privileges. In 1396 Manuel signed a golden bull at the insistence of the Venetian bailli, Gussoni, which allowed the Venetians to trade throughout his realm, granted them their own church, bank, and law court. Manuel sent a bell and clock to Venice to be repaired, and in 1416 a Trapezunite embassy is recorded as present in that city. However, with Genoa was frequent strife. Manuel was accused of bribing the Genoese officials at Galata. In 1416 Genoa resolved to take steps against him for interference with their castle at Trebizond, which became so serious that the Venetians ordered their galleys to not land at Trebizond due to the "divisions existing between the Emperor and the Genoese".The last years of Manuel's reign were clouded by discord with his own son Alexios IV, although he had been associated in authority as despotes. Manuel had for a time taken into his service a young man as his page. The favor shown to him, however, aroused the anger of the native aristocracy because of his humble birth so they poisoned the minds of the people against the page. At the same time, Alexios, covetous of the throne, raised the flag of revolt and demanded that the favorite be banished. The nobles joined him and besieged Manuel in the upper citadel, finally forcing him to concede and banish the favorite from the palace. The people then dispersed, but Alexios, who was still seeking the crown, was forced to reconcile with his father. Ironically, the price of reconciliation was that Alexios take the young page into his service. Manuel III died in March 1417, and was succeeded by Alexios IV. George Finlay records the rumor that Alexios "was suspected of having hastened his father's death."Manuel, "like his father, took an active interest in buildings of a religious nature. In the year of his succession he presented an ornate cross believed to contain a holy relic (stavrotek), in this case a piece of the cross on which Jesus Christ was crucified, to the Soumela Monastery."".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond activeYearsEndYear "1417".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond activeYearsStartYear "1390".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond birthDate "1364-12-16".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond birthYear "1364".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond deathDate "1417-03-05".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond deathYear "1417".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond parent Alexios_III_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond title "Emperor of Trebizond".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond wikiPageExternalLink l.aspx?id=7799.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond wikiPageID "1328882".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond wikiPageRevisionID "606696553".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond after Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond before Alexios_III_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond birthDate "1364".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond consort Gulkhan-Eudokia_of_Georgia.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond dateOfBirth "1364-12-16".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond dateOfDeath "1417-03-05".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond deathDate "1417".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond dynasty Komnenos.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond father Alexios_III_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond hasPhotoCollection Manuel_III_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond mother Theodora_Kantakouzene,_wife_of_Alexios_IV_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond name "Manuel III of Trebizond".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond reign "1390".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond title Empire_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond title "Emperor of Trebizond".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond years "1390".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:1364_births.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:1417_deaths.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:14th-century_Byzantine_people.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:15th-century_Byzantine_people.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:Emperors_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:Komnenos_dynasty.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond subject Category:Orthodox_monarchs.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond type 14th-centuryByzantinePeople.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond type 15th-centuryByzantinePeople.
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- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond type Emperor110053004.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond type EmperorsOfTrebizond.
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- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond type Q215627.
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- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond comment "Manuel III Megas Komnenos (Greek: Μανουήλ Γ΄ Μέγας Κομνηνός, Manouēl III Megas Komnēnos) (December 16, 1364 – March 5, 1417) was Emperor of Trebizond from March 20, 1390 to his death in 1417. He was the son of Emperor Alexios III of Trebizond by Theodora Kantakouzene.Manuel became the heir of his father in 1377, after the death of his elder brother Basil.".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuel III Wielki Komnen".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuel III de Trebisonda".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuel III de Trebizonda".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuel III de Trébizonde".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuel III of Trebizond".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuel III. (Trapezunt)".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Manuele III di Trebisonda".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond label "Мануил III Великий Комнин".
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuel_III._(Trapezunt).
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Μανουήλ_Γ΄_Μέγας_Κομνηνός.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuel_III_de_Trebisonda.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuel_III_de_Trébizonde.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuele_III_di_Trebisonda.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuel_III_Wielki_Komnen.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuel_III_de_Trebizonda.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs m.04t5z_.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Q682194.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Q682194.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond sameAs Manuel_III_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond wasDerivedFrom Manuel_III_of_Trebizond?oldid=606696553.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond isPrimaryTopicOf Manuel_III_of_Trebizond.
- Manuel_III_of_Trebizond name "Manuel III of Trebizond".