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- Spotted_hyena abstract "The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), also known as the laughing hyena, is a monospecific species of hyena native to Sub-Saharan Africa. It is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN on account of its widespread range and large numbers estimated between 27,000 and 47,000 individuals. The species is however experiencing declines outside of protected areas due to habitat loss and poaching. The species may have originated in Asia, and once ranged throughout Europe for at least one million years until the end of the Late Pleistocene. The spotted hyena is the largest member of the Hyaenidae, and is further physically distinguished from other species by its vaguely bear-like build, its rounded ears, its less prominent mane, its spotted pelt, its more dual purposed dentition, its fewer nipples and the presence of a pseudo-penis in the female. It is the only mammalian species to lack an external vaginal opening.The spotted hyena is the most social of the Carnivora in that it has the largest group sizes and most complex social behaviours. Its social organisation is unlike that of any other Carnivore, bearing closer resemblance to that of cercopithecine primates (baboons and macaques) with respect to group-size, hierarchical structure, and frequency of social interaction among both kin and unrelated group-mates. However, the social system of the spotted hyena is openly competitive rather than cooperative, with access to kills, mating opportunities and the time of dispersal for males depending on the ability to dominate other clan-members. Females provide only for their own cubs rather than assist each other, and males display no paternal care. Spotted hyena society is matriarchal; females are larger than males, and dominate them.The spotted hyena is a highly successful animal, being the most common large carnivore in Africa. Its success is due in part to its adaptability and opportunism; it is primarily a hunter but may also scavenge, with the capacity to eat and digest skin, bone and other animal waste. In functional terms, the spotted hyena makes the most efficient use of animal matter of all African carnivores. The spotted hyena displays greater plasticity in its hunting and foraging behaviour than other African carnivores; it hunts alone, in small parties of 2–5 individuals or in large groups. During a hunt, spotted hyenas often run through ungulate herds in order to select an individual to attack. Once selected, their prey is chased over long distance, often several kilometres, at speeds of up to 60 km/h.The spotted hyena has a long history of interaction with humanity; depictions of the species exist from the Upper Paleolithic period, with carvings and paintings from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves. The species has a largely negative reputation in both Western culture and African folklore. In the former, the species is mostly regarded as ugly and cowardly, while in the latter, it is viewed as greedy, gluttonous, stupid, and foolish, yet powerful and potentially dangerous. The majority of Western perceptions on the species can be found in the writings of Aristotle and Pliny the Elder, though in relatively unjudgemental form. Explicit, negative judgements occur in the Physiologus, where the animal is depicted as a hermaphrodite and grave robber. The IUCN's hyena specialist group identifies the spotted hyena's negative reputation as detrimental to the species' continued survival, both in captivity and the wild.".
- Spotted_hyena binomialAuthority Johann_Christian_Polycarp_Erxleben.
- Spotted_hyena class Mammal.
- Spotted_hyena conservationStatus "LC".
- Spotted_hyena conservationStatusSystem "IUCN3.1".
- Spotted_hyena family Hyaeninae.
- Spotted_hyena family Hyena.
- Spotted_hyena kingdom Animal.
- Spotted_hyena order Carnivora.
- Spotted_hyena phylum Chordate.
- Spotted_hyena thumbnail Crocuta_crocuta_Mara_Triangle.jpg?width=300.
- Spotted_hyena wikiPageExternalLink books?id=7ann2dYn9iYC&pg=PA377title=The.
- Spotted_hyena wikiPageExternalLink 2up.
- Spotted_hyena wikiPageExternalLink spotted-hyena-crocuta-crocuta.html.
- Spotted_hyena wikiPageExternalLink BBC_WL_SUM08_HYENA_final.pdf.
- Spotted_hyena wikiPageID "595995".
- Spotted_hyena wikiPageRevisionID "606659961".
- Spotted_hyena align "right".
- Spotted_hyena binomial "Crocuta crocuta".
- Spotted_hyena classis "Mammalia".
- Spotted_hyena familia Hyena.
- Spotted_hyena fossilRange "Late Pliocene – Recent".
- Spotted_hyena genus "Crocuta".
- Spotted_hyena hasPhotoCollection Spotted_hyena.
- Spotted_hyena imageCaption "Mara Triangle, Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya".
- Spotted_hyena imageWidth "300".
- Spotted_hyena name "Spotted hyena".
- Spotted_hyena ordo Carnivora.
- Spotted_hyena phylum Chordate.
- Spotted_hyena quote "As several distinguished authors of the present age have undertaken to reconcile the world to the Great Man-Killer of Modern times; as Aaron Burr has found an apologist, and almost a eulogist; and as learned commentators have recently discovered that even Judas Iscariot was a true disciple, we are rather surprised to find that someone has not undertaken to render the family of Hyenas popular and amiable in the eyes of mankind. Certain it is, that few marked characters in history have suffered more from the malign inventions of prejudice".
- Spotted_hyena rangeMap "Spotted Hyaena area.png".
- Spotted_hyena rangeMapCaption "Spotted hyena range".
- Spotted_hyena regnum "Animalia".
- Spotted_hyena species "C. crocuta".
- Spotted_hyena status "LC".
- Spotted_hyena statusSystem "IUCN3.1".
- Spotted_hyena subfamilia Hyaeninae.
- Spotted_hyena trend "unknown".
- Spotted_hyena width "240".
- Spotted_hyena subject Category:Animals_described_in_1777.
- Spotted_hyena subject Category:Fauna_of_East_Africa.
- Spotted_hyena subject Category:Fauna_of_West_Africa.
- Spotted_hyena subject Category:Fauna_of_the_Sahara.
- Spotted_hyena subject Category:Hyenas.
- Spotted_hyena subject Category:Mammals_of_Africa.
- Spotted_hyena type Animal.
- Spotted_hyena type Eukaryote.
- Spotted_hyena type Mammal.
- Spotted_hyena type Species.
- Spotted_hyena type Organism.
- Spotted_hyena comment "The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta), also known as the laughing hyena, is a monospecific species of hyena native to Sub-Saharan Africa. It is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN on account of its widespread range and large numbers estimated between 27,000 and 47,000 individuals. The species is however experiencing declines outside of protected areas due to habitat loss and poaching.".
- Spotted_hyena label "Crocuta crocuta".
- Spotted_hyena label "Crocuta crocuta".
- Spotted_hyena label "Gevlekte hyena".
- Spotted_hyena label "Hiena cętkowana".
- Spotted_hyena label "Hiena-malhada".
- Spotted_hyena label "Hyène tachetée".
- Spotted_hyena label "Spotted hyena".
- Spotted_hyena label "Tüpfelhyäne".
- Spotted_hyena label "Пятнистая гиена".
- Spotted_hyena label "ضبع مرقط".
- Spotted_hyena label "ブチハイエナ".
- Spotted_hyena label "斑鬣狗".
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Hyena_skvrnitá.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Tüpfelhyäne.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Crocuta_crocuta.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Hiena_pikart.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Hyène_tachetée.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Dubuk.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Crocuta_crocuta.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs ブチハイエナ.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs 점박이하이에나.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Gevlekte_hyena.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Hiena_cętkowana.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Hiena-malhada.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs m.02tqz3.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Q178089.
- Spotted_hyena sameAs Q178089.
- Spotted_hyena wasDerivedFrom Spotted_hyena?oldid=606659961.
- Spotted_hyena depiction Crocuta_crocuta_Mara_Triangle.jpg.
- Spotted_hyena isPrimaryTopicOf Spotted_hyena.
- Spotted_hyena name "Spotted hyena".