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- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 abstract "The Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, commonly known as the June Fourth Incident (六四事件) or more accurately '89 Democracy Movement (八九民运) in Chinese, were student-led popular demonstrations in Beijing which took place in the spring of 1989 and received broad support from city residents, exposing deep splits within China's political leadership. The protests were forcibly suppressed by hardline leaders who ordered the military to enforce martial law in the country's capital. The crackdown that initiated on June 3–4 became known as the Tiananmen Square Massacre or the June 4 Massacre as troops with assault rifles and tanks inflicted casualties on unarmed civilians trying to block the military's advance towards Tiananmen Square in the heart of Beijing, which student demonstrators had occupied for seven weeks. The scale of military mobilization and the resulting bloodshed were unprecedented in the history of Beijing, a city with a rich tradition of popular protests in the 20th century.The Chinese government condemned the protests as a "counter-revolutionary riot", and has prohibited all forms of discussion or remembrance of the events since. Due to the lack of information from China, many aspects of the events remain unknown or unconfirmed. Estimates of the death toll range from a few hundred to the thousands.The protests were triggered in April 1989 by the death of former Communist Party General Secretary, Hu Yaobang, a liberal reformer, who was deposed after losing a power struggle with hardliners over the direction of political and economic reform. University students who marched and gathered in Tiananmen Square to mourn. Hu also voiced grievances against inflation, limited career prospects, and corruption of the party elite. They called for government accountability, freedom of the press, freedom of speech, and the restoration of workers' control over industry. At the height of the protests, about a million people assembled in the Square.The government initially took a conciliatory stance toward the protesters. The student-led hunger strike galvanized support for the demonstrators around the country and the protests spread to 400 cities by mid-May. Ultimately, China's paramount leader Deng Xiaoping and other party elders resolved to use force. Party authorities declared martial law on May 20, and mobilized as many as 300,000 troops to Beijing.In the aftermath of the crackdown, the government conducted widespread arrests of protesters and their supporters, cracked down on other protests around China, expelled foreign journalists and strictly controlled coverage of the events in the domestic press. The police and internal security forces were strengthened. Officials deemed sympathetic to the protests were demoted or purged. Zhao Ziyang was ousted in a party leadership reshuffle and replaced with Jiang Zemin. Political reforms were largely halted and economic reforms did not resume until Deng Xiaoping's 1992 southern tour.The Chinese government was widely condemned internationally for the use of force against the protesters. Western governments imposed economic sanctions and arms embargoes.".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 thumbnail Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg?width=300.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageExternalLink 89concert.alliance.org.hk.
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- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageExternalLink the-tiananmen-papers.html.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
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- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageExternalLink article_3781.asp.
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- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageExternalLink www.tsquare.tv.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageID "44534".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 wikiPageRevisionID "606481975".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 align "right".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 altname "Name used by the PRC Government".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "八九民运".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "八九民運".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "六四".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "六四事件".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "六四屠杀".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "六四运动".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 c "六四镇压".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 caption "Prisoner of the State: The Secret Journal of Premier Zhao Ziyang, Zhao Ziyang's account of the protests was published in 2009 but remains banned in China.".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 caption "The Critical Moment – Li Peng Diaries, Li Peng's journal entries during the protests was published in 2010 and is also banned in China.".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 caption "Type 59 tanks on Tiananmen Square. "Tank Man" is visible in the lower left.".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 causes "* Death of Hu Yaobang * Economic reform * Inflation * Political corruption * Economic nepotism * Career prospects * Social unrest in Eastern Europe".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 date "1989-04-15".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 direction "vertical".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 fatalities "241".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 footerAlign "left/right/center".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 goals "Social equality, "A Communist Party Without Corruption", freedom of the press, freedom of speech, socialism, democracy".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 hasPhotoCollection Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 headerAlign "left/right/center".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 image "Prisoner of the State-UK.jpg".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 image "The Critical Moment.jpg".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 injuries "7000".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 j "1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 j "baat3 gau2 man4 wan6".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 j "luk4 sei3 si6 gin6".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 l "Eighty-Nine Democracy Movement".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 l "June Fourth Incident".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 l "Political turmoil between the Spring and Summer of 1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 leadfigures "hardliners * Deng Xiaoping * Li Peng * Yang Shangkun * Yao Yilin * Li Ximing * Chen Xitong * Chi Haotian * Liu Huaqing moderates * Zhao Ziyang * Hu Qili * Yan Mingfu * Bao Tong * Wan Li * Xu Qinxian".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 leadfigures "student leaders * Wu'erkaixi * Chai Ling * Wang Dan * Feng Congde * Li Lu intellectuals * Liu Xiaobo * Wang Juntao * Dai Qing * Hou Dejian".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 methods "Hunger strike, sit-in, occupation of public square".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 myr "Bā-Jyǒu Mínyùn".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 myr "Lyòu-Sz̀ Shr̀jyàn".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "Bā-Jiǔ Mínyùn".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "Liù-Sì Shìjiàn".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "Liù-Sì Túshā".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "Liù-Sì Yùndòng".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "Liù-Sì Zhènyā".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 p "Liù-Sì".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 partof "Chinese Democracy Movement in 1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 place Beijing.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 place "400".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 quote "Students, we came too late. We are sorry. You talk about us, criticize us, it is all necessary. The reason that I came here is not to ask you to forgive us. All I want to say is that students are getting very weak, it is the 7th day since you went on hunger strike, you can't continue like this. [...] You are still young, there are still many days yet to come, you must live healthy, and see the day when China accomplishes the four modernizations. You are not like us, we are already old, it doesn't matter to us any more.".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 quoted "1".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 result "--06-03".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 s "周国聪".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 showflag "cp".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "19".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "22".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "Anarchists and rioters".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "Communist Party of China".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "Factory workers".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "Government of the People's Republic of China".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "Intellectuals".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "University students".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 side "others".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 source "--05-19".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 t "周國聰".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 title "June Fourth Incident".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 w "1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 w "Liu-Szu Shihchien".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 w "Pa-Chiu Minyün".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 width "200".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 width "35.0".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 width "40.0".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 y "1989".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 y "Baatgáu màhnwahn".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 y "Lùhk-sei Sih gihn".
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:1980s_in_China.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:1989_in_Asia.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:1989_in_China.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Chinese_revolutions.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Civil_rights_protests.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Conflicts_in_1989.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:History_of_Beijing.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:History_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Mass_murder_in_1989.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Massacres_in_China.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Protest-related_deaths.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Protests_in_China.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Riots_and_civil_disorder_in_China.
- Tiananmen_Square_protests_of_1989 subject Category:Socialism_in_China.