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- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 abstract "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. §§ 1973–1973bb-1) is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the American Civil Rights Movement, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections. Designed to enforce the voting rights guaranteed by the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, the Act allowed for a mass enfranchisement of racial minorities throughout the country, especially in the South. According to the Department of Justice, the Act is widely considered to be the most effective piece of civil rights legislation ever enacted in the country.The Act establishes extensive federal oversight over elections. Echoing the language of the Fifteenth Amendment, Section 2 of the Act generally prohibits any state or local government from imposing any voting law that results in discrimination against racial or language minorities. Additionally, the Act specifically outlaws literacy tests and similar devices that were historically used to disfranchise racial minorities.The Act also contains "special provisions" that apply only to certain jurisdictions, such as a requirement that jurisdictions containing significant language minority populations provide bilingual ballots and other election materials. A core special provision is the Section 5 preclearance requirement, which prohibits jurisdictions from implementing any change affecting voting without first obtaining approval from the U.S. Attorney General or the U.S. District Court for D.C. that the change does not discriminate against protected minorities. Section 5 and most other special provisions apply to jurisdictions encompassed by the Act's "coverage formula", which is prescribed in Section 4(b). The formula was originally designed to encompass jurisdictions that engaged in the most egregious voting discrimination in 1965, and Congress updated the formula in 1970 and 1975. However, in Shelby County v. Holder (2013), the U.S. Supreme Court struck down the coverage formula as unconstitutional, reasoning that it was no longer responsive to current conditions. The Court did not strike down Section 5, but without Section 4(b), no jurisdiction may be subject to Section 5 preclearance unless Congress enacts a new coverage formula.".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 thumbnail Lyndon_Johnson_and_Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._-_Voting_Rights_Act.jpg?width=300.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageExternalLink race-region-and-vote-choice-in-the-2008-election-implications-for-the-future-of-the-voting-rights-act.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageExternalLink PPL_VotingRightsAct_1965.pdf.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageExternalLink ShowPage.aspx?ShowID=518.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageExternalLink 133selma.htm.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageExternalLink 060706VRAbrief524.pdf.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageID "55791".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wikiPageRevisionID "606774585".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 amendments "*Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970 *Voting Rights Act of 1965, Amendments of 1975 *Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1982 *Voting Rights Language Assistance Act of 1992 *Fannie Lou Hamer, Rosa Parks, Coretta Scott King, César E. Chávez, Barbara C. Jordan, William C. Velásquez, and Dr. Hector P. Garcia Voting Rights Act Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2006".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 citePublicLaw "89".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 colloquialacronym "VRA".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 committees United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 conferencedate "1965-07-29".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 description "--08-06".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 description "audio only".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 effectiveDate "1965-08-06".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 enactedBy "89".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 filename "Remarks on the Signing of the Voting Rights Act Lyndon Baines Johnson.ogg".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 filename "Remarks on the Signing of the Voting Rights Act Lyndon Baines Johnson.ogv".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 format Ogg.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 introducedbill "S. 1564".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 introducedby "Mike Mansfield and Everett Dirksen".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 introduceddate "1965-03-17".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 introducedin "Senate".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 longtitle "An act to enforce the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States, and for other purposes.".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 nickname "Voting Rights Act".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedbody "House with amendment".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedbody "House".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedbody "Senate".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passeddate "1965-05-26".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passeddate "1965-07-09".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passeddate "1965-08-03".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passeddate "1965-08-04".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedvote "328".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedvote "333".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedvote "77".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 passedvote "79".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 publicLawUrl PPL_VotingRightsAct_1965.pdf.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Allen v. State Board of Election".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Bartlett v. Strickland".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Beer v. United States".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Bush v. Vera".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Georgia v. Ashcroft".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Growe v. Emison".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Holder v. Hall".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Johnson v. De Grandy".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Katzenbach v. Morgan".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Lopez v. Monterey County".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Miller v. Johnson".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Mobile v. Bolden".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Northwest Austin Municipal Utility District No. 1 v. Holder".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Oregon v. Mitchell".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Reno v. Bossier Parish School Board".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Rome v. United States".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Shelby County v. Holder".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "South Carolina v. Katzenbach".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Thornburg v. Gingles".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 scotusCases "Voinovich v. Quilter Shaw v. Reno".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 shorttitle "Voting Rights Act of 1965".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 signeddate "1965-08-06".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 signedpresident Lyndon_B._Johnson.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 title ""Remarks on the Signing of the Voting Rights Act of 1965"".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 titleAmended "42".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:1965_in_law.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:African-American_history.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:Anti-discrimination_law_in_the_United_States.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:Civil_rights_movement_during_the_Lyndon_B._Johnson_Administration.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:History_of_voting_rights_in_the_United_States.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:United_States_congressional_districts.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:United_States_federal_civil_rights_legislation.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 subject Category:United_States_federal_election_legislation.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 comment "The Voting Rights Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. §§ 1973–1973bb-1) is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the American Civil Rights Movement, and Congress later amended the Act five times to expand its protections.".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 label "Lei dos Direitos ao Voto".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 label "Ley de derecho de voto de 1965".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 label "Voting Rights Act of 1965".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 label "Voting Rights Act".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 label "Voting Rights Act".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 label "Voting Rights Act".
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Voting_Rights_Act.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Ley_de_derecho_de_voto_de_1965.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Voting_Rights_Act.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Voting_Rights_Act.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs 1965년_선거권법.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Lei_dos_Direitos_ao_Voto.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs m.0fh70.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Q1608064.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 sameAs Q1608064.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 wasDerivedFrom Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965?oldid=606774585.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 depiction Lyndon_Johnson_and_Martin_Luther_King,_Jr._-_Voting_Rights_Act.jpg.
- Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965 isPrimaryTopicOf Voting_Rights_Act_of_1965.