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Matches in Ghent University Academic Bibliography for { ?s <http://schema.org/abstract> ?o. }

• 01GR965S2WH5FFG72YYV2TN252 abstract "Both rural and urban forests play an important role in terrestrial carbon cycling. Forest carbon stocks are typically estimated from models predicting the aboveground biomass (AGB) of trees. However, such models are often limited by insufficient data on tree mass, which generally requires felling and weighing parts of trees. In this study, thirty-one trees of both deciduous and evergreen species were destructively sampled in rural and urban forest conditions. Prior to felling, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) data were used to estimate tree biomass based on volume estimates from quantitative structure models, combined with tree basic density estimates from disks sampled from stems and branches after scanning and felling trees, but also in combination with published basic density values. Reference woody AGB, main stem, and branch biomass were computed from destructive sampling. Trees were scanned in leaf-off conditions, except evergreen and some deciduous trees, to assess effects of a leaf-separation algorithm on TLS-based woody biomass estimates. We found strong agreement between TLS-based and reference woody AGB, main stem, and branch biomass values, using both measured and published basic densities to convert TLS-based volume to biomass, but use of published densities reduced accuracy. Correlations between TLS-based and reference branch biomass were stronger for urban trees, while correlations with stem mass were stronger for rural trees. TLS-based biomass estimates from leaf-off and leaf-removed point clouds strongly agreed with reference biomass data, showing the utility of the leaf-removal algorithm for enhancing AGB estimation.".
• 01GR96961W6NXN6275GAHGSPN9 abstract "Approximately 2.5 × 106 square kilometers of the Amazon forest are currently degraded by fire, edge effects, timber extraction, and/or extreme drought, representing 38% of all remaining forests in the region. Carbon emissions from this degradation total up to 0.2 petagrams of carbon per year (Pg C year−1), which is equivalent to, if not greater than, the emissions from Amazon deforestation (0.06 to 0.21 Pg C year−1). Amazon forest degradation can reduce dry-season evapotranspiration by up to 34% and cause as much biodiversity loss as deforestation in human-modified landscapes, generating uneven socioeconomic burdens, mainly to forest dwellers. Projections indicate that degradation will remain a dominant source of carbon emissions independent of deforestation rates. Policies to tackle degradation should be integrated with efforts to curb deforestation and complemented with innovative measures addressing the disturbances that degrade the Amazon forest.".
• 01GR96GCXP2VARGDG6KWXASKFX abstract "Next-generation telecommunication systems will rely on photonic integrated circuits. However, Silicon Nitride (SiN) photonic platforms do not natively provide high-speed photodiodes. We integrated a waveguide-coupled UTC photodiode on a SiN platform using the scalable micro-transfer-printing technology. These diodes show a responsivity up to 0.45 A/W, a dark current below 10 nA and a 3 dB-bandwidth beyond 100 GHz, even at zero-bias. As such, high-performance photodetectors are available on silicon-nitride pho-tonic platforms.".
• 01GR974S0RMM2GF99XH5ZH4Z8S abstract "Silicon-nitride-based integrated photonic platforms currently lack fast photodiodes, limiting its adoption for high-speed optical transceivers. We show uni-traveling-carrier (UTC) photodiodes heterogeneously integrated by means of micro-transfer-printing and demonstrate their excellent bandwidth performance at 1550 nm, achieving net bit rates in excess of 350 Gbit/s".
• 01GR97E2V14HEVN5WP4SGAA970 abstract "By means of micro-transfer-printing, we bring high-speed UTC photodiodes to a SiN-platform. These waveguide-coupled photodiodes show a responsivity of 0.3 A/W and a bandwidth of 155 GHz. We further demonstrate that direct photomixing at 300GHz is possible and enables data rates up to 128 Gbit/s.".
• 01GR993SMWGSM67K22DX8CM6J6 abstract "Objective: While long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) offer a more reliable protection against unintended pregnancies than short acting reversible methods (SARCs), their uptake among adolescents in Flanders (Belgium) is low. This study assesses to what degree general practitioners constitute a barrier for the uptake of LARCs by adolescents.".
• 01GR9AM8SGY2KBGGZS1EAFXZXT abstract "Inhoud: Hoofdstuk I. Schuldenaars van de voorheffing Afdeling I. Wettelijke bepalingen Afdeling II. Begrip 'schuldenaar' Afdeling III. Recht om bedrijfsvoorheffing in te houden Hoofdstuk II. Inkomsten onderworpen aan bedrijfsvoorheffing Hoofdstuk III. Vrijstelling van plicht tot doorstorting Afdeling I. Overwerk Afdeling II. Koopvaardij-, bagger- en sleepvaartsector Afdeling III. Wetenschappelijk onderzoek Afdeling IV. Zeevisserijsector Afdeling V. Nacht- en ploegenarbeid Afdeling VI. Sportbeoefenaars Afdeling VII. Structurele lastenvermindering Afdeling VIII. Steunzones Afdeling IX. Startende ondernemingen Afdeling X. Starterslonen voor jongeren Afdeling XI Opleidingen aan personeel Afdeling XII. COVID-19-pandemie - tijdelijke werkloosheid en vrijstelling doorstorting Hoofdstuk IV. Belastbaar ogenblik Afdeling I. Algemeen Afdeling II. In geval van emigratie Afdeling III. Overdracht Hoofdstuk V. Berekening van de verschuldigde bedrijfsvoorheffing Hoofdstuk VI. Eisbaarheid van de bedrijfsvoorheffing Hoofdstuk VII. Formaliteiten Hoofdstuk VIII. Verrekening Bijgewerkt tot 21 november 2022.".
• 01GRAN8SYZ2JJKPJZJRVRYBY2Y abstract "Objective To systematically review studies that investigated different biomarkers of nocturia, including omics-driven biomarkers or 'Nocturomics'. Materials and Methods PubMed((R)), Scopus((R)), and Embase((R)) were searched systematically in May 2022 for research papers on biomarkers in physiological fluids and tissues from patients with nocturia. A distinction was made between biomarkers or candidates discovered by omics techniques, referred to as omics-driven biomarkers, and classical biomarkers, measured by standard laboratory techniques and mostly thought from pathophysiological hypothesis. Results A total of 13 studies with 18 881 patients in total were included, eight of which focused on classical biomarkers including: atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), aldosterone, and melatonin. Five were 'Nocturomics', including one that assessed the microbiome and identified 27 faecal and eight urinary bacteria correlated with nocturia; and four studies that identified candidate metabolomic biomarkers, including fatty acid metabolites, serotonin, glycerol, lauric acid, thiaproline, and imidazolelactic acid among others. To date, no biomarker is recommended in clinical practice. Nocturomics are in an embryonic phase of conception but are developing quickly. Although candidate biomarkers are being identified, none of them are yet validated on a large sample, although some preclinical studies have shown a probable role of fatty acid metabolites as a possible biomarker of circadian rhythm and chronotherapy. Conclusion Further research is needed to validate biomarkers for nocturia within the framework of a diagnostic and therapeutic precision medicine perspective. We hope this study provides a summary of the current biomarker discoveries associated with nocturia and details future prospects for omics-driven biomarkers.".
• 01GRB5EVP6P8PFXYWMH0H1J33Z abstract "Austenitic stainless steels similar to type AISI 316L are widely used structural materials in current and future nuclear reactors. Careful development and characterization of these materials and their welds is needed to verify the structural integrity of large-scale multicomponent structures. Understanding the local deformation behavior in heterogeneous materials and the mechanisms involved is key to further improve the performance and reliability of the materials at the global scale and can help in developing more accurate models and design rules. The full-field 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) technique was used to characterize two 316L multi-pass welds, based on cylindrical uniaxial tensile tests at room temperature, 350 C, and 450 C. The results were compared to solution annealed 316L material. The inhomogeneous character and dynamic behavior of the 316L base and weld materials were successfully characterized using 3D-DIC data, yielding high-quality and accurate local strain calculations for geometrically challenging conditions. The difference in character of the dynamic strain aging (DSA) effect present in base and weld materials was identified, where local inhomogeneous straining in weld material resulted in discontinuous type A Portevin–Le Châtelier (PLC) bands. This technique characterized the difference between local and global material behavior, whereas standard mechanical tests could not.".
• 01GRB65123SMAMATPSH8M2HA7R abstract "Dynamic covalent polymer networks provide an interesting solution to the challenging recyclability of thermosets and elastomers. One of the remaining design constraints, however, is balancing thermal reprocessability in the form of material flow with dimensional stability during use. As a result, many chemistries are being investigated in order to improve bond reactivity control and material robustness. This Minireview highlights a number of promising concepts, with a particular emphasis on disconnecting chemical reactivity in low and high temperature regimes to obtain creep resistant, yet highly dynamic polymer networks. In addition, we will highlight the impact of sharp reactivity changes when applying extrapolation-based approaches during rheological analysis. As a result, we are confident that abandoning the myth of "permanent" reactivity will aid in the development of sustainable polymeric materials that can truly combine the benefits of thermoplastic and thermoset behaviour.".
• 01GRB7ZXBRFWB7VE1CCSWBWVV5 abstract "Al decennia zijn mensen gefascineerd door het verleden en de geschiedenis, vooral hoe we met een tijdmachine terug in de tijd kunnen reizen. Niets is onmogelijk. Ja, je kunt je het verleden voorstellen als je veel herinneringen hebt. Als mens zijn we geneigd de meeste historische gebeurtenissen uit het verleden te onthouden. Het is echter moeilijk om ons alle details te herinneren van elk moment dat we in ons leven hebben meegemaakt. In het verleden was het nieuws een belangrijk medium waarmee historische gebeurtenissen werden gemeld en op papier gezet. Door krantenarchieven te bekijken kan men een dieper inzicht krijgen in de geschiedenis van een land, regio of plaats. Het doel van deze studie was de toegankelijkheid en doorzoekbaarheid van historische krantenarchieven van de Koninklijke Bibliotheek van België (KBR) te verbeteren door de metadata te verrijken. Naast verrijking, lokaliseerden we minder bekende gebouwen/landmarks op basis van locatie-informatie. Ten slotte stelden we een methode voor om deze gebouwen opnieuw te fotograferen met behulp van computervisie en machine learning om de historische veranderingen van een plaats te visualiseren. Het opnieuw fotograferen van historische scènes is de eerste stap naar "kijken in het verleden".".
• 01GRB8EJ2E6YHGTZ088VHVMXNN abstract "The anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) marks key cell cycle proteins for proteasomal breakdown, thereby ensuring unidirectional progression through the cell cycle. Its target recognition is temporally regulated by activating subunits, one of which is called CELL CYCLE SWITCH 52 A2 (CCS52A2). We sought to expand the knowledge on the APC/C by using the severe growth phenotypes of CCS52A2-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants as a readout in a suppressor mutagenesis screen, resulting in the identification of the previously undescribed gene called PIKMIN1 (PKN1). PKN1 deficiency rescues the disorganized root stem cell phenotype of the ccs52a2-1 mutant, whereas an excess of PKN1 inhibits growth of ccs52a2-1 plants, indicating the need for control of PKN1 abundance for proper development. Accordingly, the lack of PKN1 in a wild-type background negatively impacts cell division, while its systemic overexpression promotes proliferation. PKN1 shows a cell cycle phase-dependent accumulation pattern, localizing to microtubular structures, including the preprophase band, the mitotic spindle, and phragmoplast. PKN1 is conserved throughout the plant kingdom, with its function in cell division being evolutionary conserved in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Our data thus demonstrate that PKN1 represents a novel, plant-specific gene with a role in cell division that is likely proteolytically controlled by the CCS52A2-activated APC/C.".
• 01GRB92V4DB5W39KNDFED0A5S4 abstract "Models for bankruptcy prediction are useful in several real-world scenarios, and multiple research contributions have been devoted to the task, based on structured (numerical) as well as unstructured (textual) data. However, the lack of a common benchmark dataset and evaluation strategy impedes the objective comparison between models. This paper introduces such a benchmark for the unstructured data scenario, based on novel and established datasets, in order to stimulate further research into the task. We describe and evaluate several classical and neural baseline models, and discuss benefits and flaws of different strategies. In particular, we find that a lightweight bag-of-words model based on static in-domain word representations obtains surprisingly good results, especially when taking textual data from several years into account. These results are critically assessed, and discussed in light of particular aspects of the data and the task. All code to replicate the data and experimental results will be released.".
• 01GRB947BN4DNHNKV1VWKES88V abstract "The use of insects in animal feed has the potential to reduce the demand for soybean productionand reduce the deforestation and loss of natural resources. In particular, black soldier fl y (BSF,Hermetia illucens) larvae have received attention due to their ability to convert organic wasteinto high-value biomass. Several studies have investigated the effects of providing BSF larvaeto both broilers and laying hens. However, knowledge gaps regarding hens’ voluntary intakeof live larvae and the effects of larvae consumption on egg production still remain. Therefore,the aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the provision of four differentamounts of live BSF larvae on laying hen feed consumption, hen health and fearfulness, andegg production and quality. To this end, 40 Bovans White laying hens were housed individuallyand provided with 0%, 10%, 20% or ad libitum daily portions of live larvae (relative toexpected dry matter intake) plus a complementary concentrated pelleted feed from 18 to 30weeks of age. Larvae consumption and concentrate consumption, hen weight, egg productionand egg quality were monitored. Overall, differences were found between the hens given adlibitum access to larvae compared to the other treatments. Ad libitum hens, consumed 163± 41 g larvae/hen/day, consumed less concentrates (P = 0.03) and gained more weight (P =0.0002) than all other treatments. They also had an overall higher consumption of protein,fat and energy (P < 0.03). There was no effect of larvae provision on egg production, eggweight, shell thickness, shell breaking strength, or Haugh unit (P > 0.05). Furthermore, therewas no effect on hen behaviour towards a novel object or in an open fi eld test. This studyshows that ad libitum feeding of live BSF larvae had no strong effects on egg production oregg quality, but did reduce feed consumption and increased hen weight, which can have healthconsequences in the long term. Nevertheless, including BSF larvae in the diet of hens couldbe an interesting option for the future.".
• 01GRBAKJMW32T8PDQV3F6HX3AX abstract "The processes that contribute to plant organ morphogenesis are spatial-temporally organized. Within the meristem, mitosis produces new cells that subsequently engage in cell expansion and differentiation programs. The latter is frequently accompanied by endoreplication, being an alternative cell cycle that replicates the DNA without nuclear division, causing a stepwise increase in somatic ploidy. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis SCL28 transcription factor promotes organ growth by modulating cell expansion dynamics in both root and leaf cells. Gene expression studies indicated that SCL28 regulates members of the SIAMESE/SIAMESE-RELATED (SIM/SMR) family, encoding cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors with a role in promoting mitotic cell cycle (MCC) exit and endoreplication, both in response to developmental and environmental cues. Consistent with this role, mutants in SCL28 displayed reduced endoreplication, both in roots and leaves. We also found evidence indicating that SCL28 co-expresses with and regulates genes related to the biogenesis, assembly, and remodeling of the cytoskeleton and cell wall. Our results suggest that SCL28 controls, not only cell proliferation as reported previously but also cell expansion and differentiation by promoting MCC exit and endoreplication and by modulating aspects of the biogenesis, assembly, and remodeling of the cytoskeleton and cell wall.".
• 01GRBC1WRFTSJETDXDM4195NE8 abstract "Although strongly influenced by environmental conditions, lateral root (LR) positioning along the primary root appears to follow obediently an internal spacing mechanism dictated by auxin oscillations that prepattern the primary root, referred to as the root clock. Surprisingly, none of the hitherto characterized PIN- and ABCB-type auxin transporters seem to be involved in this LR prepatterning mechanism. Here, we characterize ABCB15, 16, 17, 18, and 22 (ABCB15-22) as novel auxin-transporting ABCBs. Knock-down and genome editing of this genetically linked group of ABCBs caused strongly reduced LR densities. These phenotypes were correlated with reduced amplitude, but not reduced frequency of the root clock oscillation. High-resolution auxin transport assays and tissue-specific silencing revealed contributions of ABCB15-22 to shootward auxin transport in the lateral root cap (LRC) and epidermis, thereby explaining the reduced auxin oscillation. Jointly, these data support a model in which LRC-derived auxin contributes to the root clock amplitude.".
• 01GRBD4M9BMF1AB2Y9HQ3THHBV abstract "A waste-to-protein system that integrates a range of waste-to-protein upgrading technologies has the potential to converge innovations on zero-waste and protein security to ensure a sustainable protein future. We present a global overview of food-safe and feed-safe waste resource potential and technologies to sort and transform such waste streams with compositional quality characteristics into food-grade or feed-grade protein. The identified streams are rich in carbon and nutrients and absent of pathogens and hazardous contaminants, including food waste streams, lignocellulosic waste from agricultural residues and forestry, and contaminant-free waste from the food and drink industry. A wide range of chemical, physical, and biological treatments can be applied to extract nutrients and convert waste-carbon to fermentable sugars or other platform chemicals for subsequent conversion to protein. Our quantitative analyses suggest that the waste-to-protein system has the potential to maximise recovery of various low-value resources and catalyse the transformative solutions toward a sustainable protein future. However, novel protein regulation processes remain expensive and resource intensive in many countries, with protracted timelines for approval. This poses a significant barrier to market expansion, despite accelerated research and development in waste-to-protein technologies and novel protein sources. Thus, the waste-to-protein system is an important initiative to promote metabolic health across lifespans and tackle the global hunger crisis.".
• 01GRBDEBCBTWAHM6ZDJNR0FFPD abstract "Background Dry needling is frequently used for the treatment of neck pain but knowledge about its neurophysiological central effects is scarce. Objectives To compare the immediate effects of a single session of dry needling (DN) and sham needling (SN) on local and distant pressure pain thresholds and conditioned pain modulation in patients with chronic idiopathic neck pain. Method Participants with chronic idiopathic neck pain were randomly allocated to a DN or SN group. The primary outcome measure was the pressure pain threshold (PPT) at one peripheral location: quadriceps muscle (Q). Secondary outcome measures were local PPTs at the treated (most painful) (tUT) and non-treated upper trapezius muscle (ntUT), absolute and relative conditioned pain modulation (CPM) effects and pain during hot water immersion. Patients were assessed at baseline and immediately post intervention. Linear mixed models were used to examine interaction effects as well as between- and within-group differences. Results Fifty-four participants were included for statistical analysis. Linear mixed model analyses showed no significant “group X time” interaction effects for any of the outcome measures. The relative CPM effect at the Q was significantly higher post-intervention, compared to baseline within the DN group (mean difference= 13.52%; 95% CI: 0.46, 26.59). Conclusion The present study shows no superior effect of DN, compared to SN, in the immediate effect on local and distant PPTs and CPM in patients with chronic idiopathic neck pain.".
• 01GRBDJ0W9HXYW9DBT6M91PV66 abstract "Beschouwing naar aanleiding van een herdruk van de roman Rozeke van Dalen van Cyriel Buysse.".
• 01GRBE5466Y3JN9ZYRZCGDNQ3E abstract "Uranium contamination is a widespread problem caused by natural and anthropogenic activities. Although microorganisms thrive in uranium-contaminated environments, little is known about the actual molecular mechanisms mediating uranium resistance. Here, we investigated the resistance mechanisms driving the adaptation of Cupriavidus metallidurans NA4 to toxic uranium concentrations. We selected a spontaneous mutant able to grow in the presence of 1 mM uranyl nitrate compared to 250 µM for the parental strain. The increased uranium resistance was acquired via the formation of periplasmic uranium-phosphate precipitates facilitated by the increased expression of a genus-specific small periplasmic protein, PrsQ2, regulated as non-cognate target of the CzcS2-CzcR2 two-component system. This study shows that bacteria can adapt to toxic uranium concentrations and explicates the complete genetic circuit behind the adaptation.".
• 01GRBEFY3XZDEWWNABRDAC3N8B abstract "Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is a common complication following head and neck surgery. Dead space at the excision site can increase the risk of infection, abscess formation, and mortality. Herein, we evaluated the performance of the chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap in addressing these concerns. Methods Patients who underwent oncologic head and neck reconstruction between October 2016 and November 2021 were divided in two groups: a normal ALT flap and a chimeric dead space filling (DSF) ALT-vastus lateralis flap group. We evaluated the postoperative outcomes. Results Twenty-five patients treated with normal ALT flaps (34.7%) and 47 with DSF ALT flap group (65.2%) were included. Only one ALT per case was necessary. Most of the cases involved tongue (31.9%) and lower gingival reconstruction (27.8%). The time to harvest the DSF ALT flap was 134.3 min when compared to the normal ALT flap (116.2 min, p < .001). Vascular occlusion, flap loss, partial necrosis, and fat necrosis were not observed among the different groups. Conclusion The DSF process can be used as a preventive measure for SSI or vessel exposure due to radiation-induced skin damage. This flap allows same-site reconstruction if the primary tumor recurs by using the pedicle of the chimeric flap for reattachment of another free flap.".
• 01GRBG2MRR4DTYGYSTYY46JR9Q abstract "Regeneration serves as a self-protective mechanism that allows a tissue or organ to recover its entire form and function after suffering damage. However, the regenerative capacity varies greatly within the plant kingdom. Primitive plants frequently display an amazing regenerative ability as they have developed a complex system and strategy for long-term survival under extreme stress conditions. The regenerative ability of dicot species is highly variable, but that of monocots often exhibits extreme recalcitrance to tissue replenishment. Recent studies have revealed key factors and signals that affect cell fate during plant regeneration, some of which are conserved among the plant lineage. Among these, several members of the ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (ERF) transcription factors have been implicated in wound signaling, playing crucial roles in the regenerative mechanisms after different types of wounding. An understanding of plant regeneration may ultimately lead to an increased regenerative potential of recalcitrant species, producing more high-yielding, multi-resistant and environmentally friendly crops and ensuring the long-term development of global agriculture.".
• 01GRBG4EJ8V1T02AKJKNPKDZ3E abstract "Background: Left clefts occur twice as frequently as right ones. The sidedness has been suggested to influence certain outcomes. Some surgeons ( potter a right deft more challenging to repair. This is often attributed to their reduced prevalence. The authors question whether this may be caused by morphologic differences. The authors' hypothesis is that there are anthropometric differences between left and right complete cleft lips. Methods: Patients with complete unilateral cleft lip, with or without cleft palate, operated on at the age of 3 to 6 months, between 2000 and 2018, by a single surgeon, were included. Eight standardized anthropometric measurements of the cleft lip, collected just before cleft lip repair, compare lip and vermillion dimensions and ratios between left and right clefts. Results: One hundred thirty-nine left and 80 right unilateral cleft lips were compared. A significant difference was found between left and right clefts for cleft-side to non-cleft-side ratios comparing the lateral lip element vertical heights and vermillion heights. Conclusions: Patients with right cleft lips have a greater degree of lateral lip element hypoplasia, demonstrating greater deficiencies of lateral lip element vertical height and vermillion height when compared to patients with left clefts. This has clinical implications for preoperative assessment, choice of surgical technique, and postoperative and long-term outcomes.".
• 01GRBH31T6FWMW9XJS78Q6VWGS abstract "Introduction: Governments usually introduce management reforms to restructure their institutions. In the latter decades of the twentieth century, the developing countries initiated hospital autonomy reforms to increase healthcare service quality and resolve healthcare financing. So, Pakistan initiated the policy of hospital autonomy in 1993 and implemented a pilot project in 1999 with the financial and technical support of the World Bank. The policy's objective was to increase the quality and quantity of healthcare services without any considerable fiscal increase. The Covid-19 has emerged as a vital issue that needs the immediate attention of researchers and practitioners. It has affected the vital domains of healthcare, including hospital autonomy. Methods: Exploratory interviews with experts (n=15), including the hospital managers and bureaucrats, were conducted under the snowball sampling technique. We also collected a comprehensive set of policy documents to perform document analysis. Results: After approximately three decades of policy initiation, the Government of Pakistan is still struggling to implement the policy on provincial grounds. The policy is still not implemented completely. Over time, the amendments in hospital autonomy policy replaced the hierarchy type mechanism with the market type mechanism. The scenario contributed to a decrease in the real essence of autonomy. There is no specific monitoring body for this policy that resulted in the delay in its implementation. Policy Recommendations: Initiating a mutual platform with other developing countries to resolve the identified barriers and initiate a specific agency responsible for implementing hospital autonomy with its absolute essence would be the productive way forward.".
• 01GRBJ2CDKMS8VNT81C0BPYQ9H abstract "Purpose The authors introduce a recurrent section for the Journal of Organizational Ethnography which scrutinizes the various manifestations and roles of failure in ethnographic research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors peruse a wide body of literature which tackles the role of failure in ethnographic research and draw on the experiences to argue for a more sustained and in-depth conversation on the topic.Findings "Failure " regularly occurs in ethnographic research, yet remains under-examined. Increased discussion on the topic will enrich debates on methodology and fieldwork in particular.Originality/value While various scholars have commented on the role of "failure " in ethnographic research, an in-depth and sustained examination of the topic is lacking.".
• 01GRBNXX5VPKGPNSERFSXTEAJ4 abstract "Background Statins are one of the most frequently used drug groups among patients with cardiovascular disease. Muscle pain is very frequent among patients using statins. It is important to distinguish patients with benign muscle pain without significant biochemical correlates from patients with serious myopathies. Case summary We present the case of a 68-year-old woman taking atorvastatin in the past 8 months after a coronary bypass grafting, presenting with proximal muscle weakness and pain. Biochemical analysis showed a markedly elevated creatine kinase (CK) (24,159 U/L). Despite discontinuation of the statin and therapy for rhabdomyolysis (IV fluid, mannitol, and sodium bicarbonate), CK levels did not drop as much as expected. Muscle biopsy showed mild inflammatory changes and few necrotic muscle fibres, suggestive for an immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM). Serology showed a high anti-HMG-CoA reductase antibody (anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase antibody) titre, diagnostic for an IMNM induced by statins. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and methotrexate. Creatine kinase levels, muscle weakness, and pain gradually improved over the following months. Discussion IMNM induced by statins is a relatively new entity. It is important to be recognized because it is not a self-limiting adverse effect such as the frequent benign muscle pains caused by statins. Beside discontinuation of the causative statin, aggressive immunosuppressive therapy is mandatory in IMNM. Therefore, it is important to test for anti-HMGCR antibodies and if necessary perform a muscle biopsy in patients taking statins, presenting with muscle weakness, and CK elevations not improving after discontinuation of the statin.".
• 01GRBNXX61X1TY4BMC23SS5R9M abstract "Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, frequently associated with cardiovascular involvement. One of the most frequent complication is mitral valve regurgitation in more than one-third of the patients. Case summary A 30-year-old woman with arthralgia, butterfly rash, and Raynaud phenomenon presented with a systolic murmur and renal impairment. Based on the kidney biopsy the diagnosis of SLE was made. Echocardiography revealed the presence of pulmonary hypertension, restrictive mitral valve disease with nodular thickening of the anterior leaflet and moderate regurgitation, compatible with Libman Sacks (LS) endocarditis. Immunosuppressive therapy was started and the patient status improved with normalization of systolic pulmonary artery pressure. After 8 years without follow-up, she presented with fatigue and dyspnoea based on a severe mitral valve stenosis. Subsequently, she underwent a minimal invasive mitral valve replacement and the diagnosis of LS endocarditis could be confirmed upon histopathological examination. Discussion This case demonstrates that LS endocarditis can not only lead to mitral regurgitation but occasionally to mitral stenosis due to chronic inflammation with thickening and fusion of mitral valve leaflets. Hereby, comprehensive echocardiography, inclusive stress echocardiography, plays a critical role.".
• 01GRBNXX65JWPW8XQMDX4KA0R3 abstract "The advantages of magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the field of epilepsy are numerous; just like electroencephalography (EEG), MEG is able to noninvasively measure epilepsy-specific information (i.e., the brain activity) independent of blood flow with a very high temporal resolution in the order of milliseconds. Thanks to its unique sensitivity to tangential sources, it gives the full picture when combined with EEG. It allows for accurate source imaging and shows a high sensitivity for neocortical sources. In this article, the technique and its clinical impact are reviewed.".
• 01GRBNXX69QB2DZMP0VCYBNQTW abstract "Background: Freezing all embryos generated during an IVF/ICSI attempt is used increasingly as a strategy to optimize results. We investigated whether we could find differences in outcome between subpopulations of patients undergoing the so-called "freeze all" procedure. Methods: Non-interventional, observational, retrospective study of 131 freeze-all cycles performed between July 2015 and December 2016 at the University Hospital of Ghent (Belgium). Freeze-all indications were categorized in 4 groups: group 1, high progesterone level (PE) on the day of hCG administration defined as >1.5 ng/ml (n=50); group 2, risk of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS) (n=38); group 3, partner donation in lesbian couples (n=23) and group 4, a miscellany of other reasons (n=20). Clinical pregnancy with fetal heart beat after the first thawed embryo transfer (ET) after ovum pick-up and cumulative clinical pregnancy rate per attempt were used as primary outcome variables. Results: Clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) with fetal heart beat in the first thawed ET and cumulative clinical pregnancy rate per cycle (CCPR) were not statistically different between the four groups. In the group of PE a cumulative clinical pregnancy rate was observed of 40,5%, this in comparison to the 3 other groups involving risk of OHSS (66,7%), partner donation (61,1%) and other reasons (57,1%). More rFSH was used in the group with Progesterone elevation (PE) (P=0.04), as described earlier in the literature. Conclusion: Our findings indicate comparable (cumulative) clinical pregnancy rates per attempt between the four groups of freeze-all indications.".
• 01GRBNXX6CGJT2GCGBAZY0P5N4 abstract "Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by early and persistent microvascular impairment which leads to functional and organic manifestations, with progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Morphological and functional assessment of the peripheral microvasculature is a must, not only for diagnosis but also for the prognosis and therapeutical follow-up of systemic sclerosis patients, as reported in recent studies. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy is the validated technique for the study of scleroderma microangiopathy as it is able to detect peripheral microvascular morphology and both classify and score the capillary abnormalities into different microangiopathy patterns ('Early', 'Active' and 'Late'). Indeed, the possibility to early diagnose and follow the microvascular changes and the safety of the technique have made nailfold videocapillaroscopy a mandatory tool for patient evaluation and included its assessment in the new systemic sclerosis classification criteria. Important links between nailfold videocapillaroscopy patterns and systemic sclerosis clinical manifestations have been described.".
• 01GRBNXX6F3SFYJEB5809GBQ08 abstract "MRI and CT are frequently used to diagnose spinal diseases in dogs. These modalities have detected epaxial muscle degeneration in dachshunds with intervertebral disc herniation. However, research on the reliability of epaxial muscular measurements is limited in veterinary medicine. The aims of the study were to assess the intrarater and inter-rater reliability of epaxial muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and fat content measurements on MRI and CT images in dachshunds, and to compare the CSA measurement between the two modalities. MRI and CT images of 10 healthy dachshunds were evaluated. Two blinded observers assessed MRI CSA, MRI fat content, CT CSA and CT muscle attenuation of three thoracolumbar epaxial muscles using OsiriX. The results showed 'substantial' to 'almost perfect' intrarater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.828-0.998) and inter-rater reliability (ICC 0.685-0.854) for all variables. When individual spinal segments were analysed, the intrarater and inter-rater reliability decreased and the confidence intervals increased. There was positive correlation (r= 0.719-0.841, P=0.001) and high agreement (0.824-0.894) for the measured CSA between MRI and CT. Epaxial muscle CSA and fat content can be reliably measured on MRI and CT, bearing in mind that measurement of certain segments requires adequate training.".
• 01GRBNXX6K19HWKC2ZK0VRMKGB abstract "In this paper, we highlight a new computational aspect of Nonstandard Analysis relating to higher-order computability theory. In particular, we prove that the Gandy-Hyland functional equals a primitive recursive functional involving nonstandard numbers inside Nelson's internal set theory. From this classical and ineffective proof in Nonstandard Analysis, a term from Godel's system T can be extracted which computes the Gandy-Hyland functional in terms of a modulus-of-continuity functional and the special fan functional. We obtain several similar relative computability results not involving Nonstandard Analysis from their associated nonstandard theorems. By way of reversal, we show that certain relative computability results, called Herbrandisations, also imply the nonstandard theorem from whence they were obtained. Thus, we establish a direct two-way connection between the field Computability (in particular theoretical computer science) and the field Nonstandard Analysis.".
• 01GRBPH8FY11KXX4HQY363C95W abstract "The eyebrow is a complex structure of the human face, which has both functional (communication) and aesthetic aspects and contributes to a persons' individual appearance. Ptosis of the eyebrow is a common condition, especially among the elderly and smokers. Facial appearance is disrupted by eyebrow ptosis, and in many cases, correction and treatment are needed. No specific type of browlift has been shown to be superior to another, and since there is a wide variation in treatment preference between patients, it requires an individual approach to each specific patient. This review provides an overview of the history of the browlift, non-surgical treatment and current surgical techniques available. Level of evidence: Not ratable.".
• 01GRBPH8GEJQW8GEANFPT0XCSY abstract "K.C. Garrison was the first to define laterality. Later on, this definition was widely accepted and is as follows: "preference in the use of homologous parts on one lateral half of the body over those on the other: dominance in function of one of a pair of lateral homologous parts studies of the laterality of individuals in the performance of different tasks." So, laterality is the asymmetry of bilateral structures or biases in behavior in living organisms. This review aims to overview the history of laterality and applications in animals, its neurobiological basis, and related theories and concepts. Secondly, this review aims to give a translation of laterality applicable to the normal human face and the distorted face. Thirdly, we will give a few examples of laterality in anatomy and clinical diseases and finally some recommendations and directions for future research in this field. Laterality is a concept that can be best understood from an evolutionary perspective; this review emphasizes the neurobiological evidence in evolutionary biology, cerebral hemisphere specialization and left-right differences, the asymmetries in the face, body, and its clinical implications. As the studies in laterality evolve, potential greater understanding of cerebral processes will be obtained and might give new insights in treatment. The adaptive value of brain and behavioral asymmetries should be integrated into surgical practice.".
• 01GRBPH8GPYTNKZ2JH2VGNN397 abstract "Background: Before some invasive procedures, such as injections, surgical incision or intravascular catheter insertions, alcoholic antiseptics (e.g., alcoholic povidone-iodine (PVP-I)) are widely used to prevent infection. Aim: This randomized, open-label study investigated the impact of mode of application (which includes both application technique and volume) on the antiseptic activity of 5% alcoholic PVP-I solution. Methods: Alcoholic PVP-I was administered to the backs of healthy adults using four modes of application: (A) concentric circle method, 3 mL; (B) concentric circle method, 10 mL; (C) back-and-forth friction method, 3 mL; (D) back-and-forth friction method, 10 mL. Primary endpoint: antiseptic activity of alcoholic PVP-I, assessed via change from baseline in log(10)/cm(2) colony-forming units (cfu) count for total aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. Safety was monitored. Findings: A total of 113 healthy participants were screened; 32 were randomized. Alcoholic PVP-I showed significant antiseptic activity with all modes of application (P<0.001 for each), providing an overall mean decrease from baseline in cfu count of >3 log(10)/cm(2) (P<0.001). Significantly greater efficacy was seen with back-and-forth friction (modes C and D) versus concentric circles (modes A and B): covariate adjusted change in log(10)/cm(2) cfu count 0.22; 90% confidence intervals: 0.07, 0.37 (P=0.017). No safety issues were observed. Conclusions: Alcoholic PVP-I demonstrated high antiseptic activity for all modes of application. Greater efficacy was achieved with back-and-forth friction versus concentric circles, showing that application technique may influence antiseptic activity; these findings suggest that when comparing the efficacy of antiseptic substances (e.g., alcoholic PVP-I and alcoholic chlorhexidine), comparable application techniques should be used. (C) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Healthcare Infection Society.".
• 01GRBPYQC8R4F0PQN0KD9R3S10 abstract "Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers are among the most ubiquitously used medications in the general population. Their broad anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic effects are applied against symptoms of respiratory infections, including SARS-CoV-2, as well as in other acute and chronic inflammatory diseases that often coexist with allergy and asthma. However, the current pandemic of COVID-19 also revealed the gaps in our understanding of their mechanism of action, selectivity, and interactions not only during viral infections and inflammation, but also in asthma exacerbations, uncontrolled allergic inflammation, and NSAIDs-exacerbated respiratory disease (NERD). In this context, the consensus report summarizes currently available knowledge, novel discoveries, and controversies regarding the use of NSAIDs in COVID-19, and the role of NSAIDs in asthma and viral asthma exacerbations. We also describe here novel mechanisms of action of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), outline how to predict responses to LTRA therapy and discuss a potential role of LTRA therapy in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, we discuss interactions of novel T2 biologicals and other eicosanoid pathway modifiers on the horizon, such as prostaglandin D2 antagonists and cannabinoids, with eicosanoid pathways, in context of viral infections and exacerbations of asthma and allergic diseases. Finally, we identify and summarize the major knowledge gaps and unmet needs in current eicosanoid research.".
• 01GRBQ5B36NJ0NY63MHQ9XBWZ0 abstract "Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) enables the bioproduction of multicarbon compounds from CO2 using electricity as the driver. Although high salinity can improve the energetic performance of bio-electrochemical systems, acetogenic processes under elevated salinity are poorly known. Here MES under 35-60 g L-1 salinity was evaluated. Acetate production in two-chamber MES systems at 35 g L(-1 )salinity (seawater composition) gradually decreased within 60 days, both under-1.2 V cathode potential (vs. Ag/AgCl) and-1.56 A m(-2) reductive current. Carbonate precipitation on cathodes (mostly CaCO3) likely declined the production through inhibiting CO2 supply, the direct electrode contact for acetogens and H-2 production. Upon decreasing Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels in three-chamber reactors, acetate was stably produced over 137 days along with a low cathode apparent resistance at 1.9 +/- 0.6 mU m2 and an average production rate at 3.80 +/- 0.21 g m(-2) d(-1). Increasing the salinity step-wise from 35 to 60 g L-1 gave the most efficient acetate production at 40 g L-1 salinity with average rates of acetate production and CO2 consumption at 4.56 +/- 3.09 and 7.02 +/- 4.75 g m(-2) d(-1), respectively. The instantaneous coulombic efficiency for VFA averaged 55.1 +/- 31.4%. Acetate production dropped at higher salinity likely due to the inhibited CO2 dissolution and acetogenic metabolism. Acetobacterium up to 78% was enriched on cathodes as the main acetogen at 35 g L-1. Under high-salinity selection, 96.5% Acetobacterium dominated on the cathode along with 34.0% Sphaerochaeta in catholyte. This research provides a first proof of concept that MES starting from CO(2 )reduction can be achieved at elevated salinity.".
• 01GRBRWN1M1BTR5TZBY140D6DX abstract "HPV is well known as a potential cause of cervical cancer. Less well known is its link to temporal subfertility that is caused by binding of infectious virions to the spermatozoa's head which induces sperm-DNA damage and causes a reduction in clinical pregnancy rates in women receiving HPV positive semen. This impact on the global fertility burden remains greatly underestimated and underexplored. This risk of reduced fertility due to infectious HPV in sperm is especially important when donor sperm insemination is considered, since testing for the presence of HPV virions before use seems warranted. We tested 514 donor sperm samples from 3 different sperm banks for 18 different HPV types. Overall 3.9% (20/514) of tested donor sperm was positive for HPV, with different prevalence among the 3 different sperm banks (3.6% bank A, 3.1% bank B and 16.7% bank C). Also the HPV virion per spermatozoon ratio in donor samples was similar across the different sperm banks (95% CI 0,01 to 1,07 HPV virions/spermatozoon). When HPV positive donor sperm was used, no clinical pregnancies resulted, whereas when HPV negative donor sperm was used the clinical pregnancy rate was 14.6%. From both a cost/benefit and a safety point of view we recommend that donor sperm should always be tested for HPV before using it for insemination.".
• 01GRBRWN1VW2M4FWRTT2KX8ZJE abstract "Background: In patients with prostate cancer (PCa) with histopathologically proven pelvic lymph node (LN) metastasis (pN1) after extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND), multimodality treatment consisting of treatment of the primary tumor and whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) offers promising results, leading to better cause-specific survival rates compared with ADT alone. However, in case more than one pelvic LN is invaded by the tumor, approximately 40% of the patients relapse biochemically and clinically. Clinical relapse is present in the para-aortic LNs (M1a disease) in up to 77% of the relapsing cases. Objective: We hypothesize that, based on the evidence that positive LNs represent the door to hematogenous dissemination, elective para-aortic irradiation will reduce the development of both retroperitoneal nodal (M1a) and distant metastasis (M1b or M1c disease), postpone the need for palliative ADT, and prolong the time to castration-refractory disease. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we will conduct a prospective, nonrandomized phase II trial to study the efficacy of additional elective para-aortic radiotherapy (PART) in pN1 patients compared with those who were historically treated with adjuvant WPRT alone. We aim to include 137 patients with PCa and presence of pN1 disease after ePLND. With this number of patients, an improvement of 15% in the 5-year clinical relapse-free survival can be detected with a power of 80%. Results: Recruitment of patients for this trial started in 2017 and will be completed approximately by March 2020. Conclusions: This is the first phase II trial to investigate the benefits of an elective PART in patients with PCa. The results of this trial will potentially serve as a sound base for a later randomized phase III trial. All participants are given a PART information sheet and required to give written informed consent. Results are expected to be published in a peer-reviewed journal.".
• 01GRBRWN2BRW8PNSF5017T3WEW abstract "Allergic rhinitis is a serious global health problem which affects approximately 10-20% of the European population. In 1999, during a workshop of WHO, the project Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) was developed. Its objective was to propose a new classification of allergic rhinitis according to the severity and the duration of the symptoms, to promote the idea of multimorbidity of allergic rhinitis and asthma, and to create guidelines for global use, with the help of local stakeholders and experts from all the countries involved. The focus of ARIA during recent years has been the use of new technologies for individualized medical care and prevention. The MASK instrument uses smartphone technology to create care pathways for controlling rhinitis, for both multidisciplinary care teams and the patients themselves. Using a mobile app (Allergy Diary), a patient can assess symptoms, control and productivity using a visual analog scale, which is connected with a clinical decision support system.The information is sent to an interoperable tablet where healthcare professionals can be informed about the patient's rhinitis management. As the European population is ageing, the novel approach of ARIA aims to provide active and healthy ageing in order to improve the quality of life of patients with allergic rhinitis. In Greece, ARIA has been implemented since the early 2000s. In 2017 a new ARIA implementation group was established, consisting of a large number of health care professionals from both Greece and Cyprus. The MASK Allergy Diary has been translated into Greek and is currently being used in clinical practice and research protocols with great enthusiasm. In order to rectify the lack of recent studies on the epidemiology of allergic rhinitis in Greece, MASK will be the instrument which, in combination with aerobiological studies, will form the basis for reporting allergic rhinitis activity around the country.".
• 01GRBRWN2GA8SFAWRP773H6M8D abstract "Data presented here are related with the research article entitled "Synthesis of beta -oxopropylcarbamates in a recyclable AgBr/ionic liquid catalytic system: An efficient assembly of CO2 under ambient pressure" (Song et al., 2018) [1]. In this data article, the general synthetic procedures of beta-oxopropylcarbamates through the three-component reaction of propargylic alcohols, secondary amines and carbon dioxide (CO2) catalyzed by a recyclable AgBr/ionic liquid (IL) system under mild pressure are described. Furthermore, the process for recycling the catalysts is supplied as well. Specifically, the investigative data for the temperature, amount of ILs, reaction time as well as the state of silver in the system are also reported. Finally, all the target products are confirmed by H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HR-MS). (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).".
• 01GRBRWN33D70M9E0A29V1C9QN abstract "In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that successful treatment of cancer is possible through the induction of anti-tumor immunity combined with killing of tumor cells. One approach to reach this is to apply cancer vaccines comprising tumor-specific antigens to elicit cellular immunity and chemotherapy to reduce the tumor mass. However, in some cases the dying tumor cell can itself become the vaccine, in particular when the antineoplastic treatment induces so called immunogenic cell death. Immunogenic cell death is characterized by the exposure of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). DAMPs are recognized by innate immune cells which subsequently can prime effector T cell responses against tumor-specific antigens. Unfortunately, many tumors resist exogenous immunogenic cell death stimuli through acquired mutations in cell death signaling pathways. In our recent study (Nat Commun, 9(1):3417), we aimed to overcome these issues through the direct delivery in tumor cells of hypo-inflammatory messenger RNA (mRNA) that codes for mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein, an executioner of necroptosis. This mRNA-based treatment resulted in the potent induction of systemic cellular anti-tumor immune responses that were associated with the regression of the treated as well as distal non-treated tumor cells, as demonstrated in mouse models of transplantable tumors.".
• 01GRBRWN37G0301HMDKYZA5430 abstract "BACKGROUND: The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to antimalarial drugs necessitated the search for new drugs from natural products. Zingiber officinal Roscoe and Echinops Kebericho Mesfin are traditional herbal medicines widely used for the treatment of malaria in Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to assess the toxicity profile and in vivo antiplasmodial activities of 70% methanol crude extracts of both plant materials against Plasmodium berghei. METHODS: Healthy male Swiss Albino mice of age 4-5 weeks and weight 25-36 g were infected by P. berghei. The extracts were administered orally at doses 5000, 2500 and 1250 mg/kg for acute toxicity of E. kebericho Mesfin. Graded doses at 1000, 500 and 250 mg/kg used for four days suppressive studies. Parasitemia, body weight, packed cell volume (PCV) and survival time were determined. SPSS Version 20 was used for the analysis of data of parasitemia, body weight, PCV, and survival times. Statistical significance was determined by one-way ANOVA. Independent ttest was used to compare results. Results were presented as a mean +/- standard error of the mean (M +/- SEM). All data were analyzed at a 95% confidence interval (alpha=0.05). RESULTS: At the dose of 5000 mg/kg, E. kebericho Mesfin showed no toxic effects. The LD50 of extract could go beyond the dose used. In vivo antiplasmodial activity of extracts showed excellent chemo suppression at 500 and 1000 mg/kg in a dose dependent manner compared with the negative control. The chemo suppressions of the 1000 mg/kg of both plant extracts were 49.53 +/- 1.90% and 32.83 +/- 1.03%, respectively. The survival times of P. berghei infected mice were also a dose dependent manner while failed to prevent weight loss. CONCLUSION: The extracts of both medicinal plants showed antiplasmodial activities against P. berghei. It confirmed the literature findings and their traditional uses.".
• 01GRBRWN3ATF4TP3A9Q6FE2XEC abstract "Background: Pre-clinical animal studies precede the majority of clinical trials. While the clinical definitions of sepsis and recommended treatments are regularly updated, a systematic review of pre-clinical models of sepsis has not been done and clear modeling guidelines are lacking. Objective: To address this deficit, a Wiggers-Bernard Conference on pre-clinical sepsis modeling was held in Vienna in May 2017. The goal of the conference was to identify limitations of pre-clinical sepsis models and to propose a set of guidelines, defined as the "Minimum Quality Threshold in Pre-Clinical Sepsis Studies" (MQTiPSS), to enhance translational value of these models. Methods: A total of 31 experts from 13 countries participated and were divided into 6 thematic working groups (WG): (1) study design, (2) humane modeling, (3) infection types, (4) organ failure/dysfunction, (5) fluid resuscitation, and (6) antimicrobial therapy endpoints. As basis for the MQTiPSS discussions, the participants conducted a literature review of the 260 most highly cited scientific articles on sepsis models (2002-2013). Results: Overall, the participants reached consensus on 29 points; 20 at "recommendation" (R) and 9 at "consideration" (C) strength. This executive summary provides a synopsis of the MQTiPSS consensus (Tables 1, 2, and 3). Detailed commentaries to all Rs and Cs are simultaneously published in three separate full-length papers. Conclusions: We believe that these recommendations and considerations will serve to bring a level of standardization to pre-clinical models of sepsis and ultimately improve translation of pre-clinical findings. These guideline points are proposed as "best practices" for animal models of sepsis that should be implemented. In order to encourage its wide dissemination, this article is freely accessible in Shock, Infection and Intensive Care Medicine Experimental.".
• 01GRBRWN3E3RYSSQDP3RDBFBDY abstract "The annealed and heavily deformed states of the tungsten microstructure are studied using transmission electron microscopy after irradiation by high-flux plasma. Exposure to plasma substantially increases the dislocation density in the surface layers of both samples, namely, by more than an order of magnitude as compared to the initial value. At a distance of more than 10-15 mu m from the surface, the material microstructure is comparable with that observed in the bulk of the sample not exposed to plasma. The given observation indicates that high-flux plasma produces deep and localized plastic deformation in the subsurface layer regardless of the initial hardening and dislocation density.".
• 01GRBRWN3JGK8PGCMJJY9S1QY0 abstract "In this paper we systematically explore questions of succinctness in modal logics employed in spatial reasoning. We show that the closure operator, despite being less expressive, is exponentially more succinct than the limit-point operator, and that the mu-calculus is exponentially more succinct than the equally-expressive tangled limit operator. These results hold for any class of spaces containing at least one crowded metric space or containing all spaces based on ordinals below omega(omega), with the usual limit operator. We also show that these results continue to hold even if we enrich the less succinct language with the universal modality.".
• 01GRBRWN3NBA9D48JHFPPZDK6H abstract "Background: We sought to determine whether presence, amount and distribution of scar impacts the degree of acute hemodynamic response (AHR) with multisite pacing. Multi-vein pacing (MVP) or multipolar pacing (MPP) with a multi-electrode left ventricular (LV) lead may offer benefits over conventional biventricular pacing in patients with myocardial scar. Methods: In this multi-center study left bundle branch block patients underwent an hemodynamic pacing study measuring LV dP/dt(max). Patients had cardiac magnetic resonance scar imaging to assess the effect of scar presence, amount and distribution on AHR. Results: 24 patients (QRS 171 +/- 20 ms) completed the study (83% male). An ischemic etiology was present in 58% and the mean scar volume was 6.0 +/- 7.0%. Overall discounting scar, MPP and MVP showed no significant AHR increase compared to an optimized "best BiV" (BestBiV) site. In aminority of patients (6/24) receiver-operator characteristic analysis of scar volume (cut off 8.48%) predicted a small AHR improvement with MPP (sensitivity 83%, specificity 94%) but not MVP. Patients with scar volume > 8.48% had a MPP-BestBiV of 3 +/- 6.3% vs. -6.4 +/- 7.7% for those below the cutoff. There was a significant correlation between the difference in AHR and scar volume for MPP-BestBiV (R = 0.49, p = 0.02) but not MVP-BestBiV(R = 0.111, p = 0.62). The multielectrode lead positioned in scar predicted MPP AHR improvement (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Multisite pacing with MPP and MVP shows no AHR benefit in all-comers compared to optimized BestBiV pacing. There was aminority of patients with significant scar volume in relation to the LV site that exhibited a small AHR improvement with MPP. ".
• 01GRBRWN3RWG8Z5K01VE2XGGQV abstract "Soundscape has been growing steadily as a research field since its interdisciplinary concepts were first introduced about 50 years ago in music theory and acoustic ecology, and it currently affects a broad spectrum of disciplines ranging from social sciences to urban planning and noise control engineering. In spite of its strong research appeal, it is not clear what the actual impact and outreach of soundscape science is at a societal level; that is: how soundscape research is received by community. Using the Altmetric database, this review aims to map how and where soundscape research is mentioned, considering the number of mentions over time, their geographical spread and effectiveness of publication outlets. Results show that mentions are growing with time, they mostly originate in the United States and the United Kingdom, and they are generated by a limited number of research items.".
• 01GRBRWN3VS1RYMEJJKSNW9M9T abstract "Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer. With dramatic improvements in survival observed since the 70's, it progressively became evident that the long-term survivors faced late morbidity, late mortality and psychosocial troubles. In 2010, the EORTC developed the retrospective 58LAE study in order to evaluate the long-term outcome of the 2621 eligible childhood ALL survivors enrolled between 1971 and 1998. The first sub-project project showed that ETV6-RUNX1 positive patients had better long-term outcome and had specific sensitivities to treatments. The second sub-project showed that omission of cranial radiotherapy did not increase the risk of relapse and was associated with a higher incidence of second neoplasms and late toxicities in medium and high-risk patients, without central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The third subproject identified hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, cranial radiotherapy and having a relapse as risk factors for worse socio-economic outcome. Finally, the fertility status of the survivors was also evaluated. The 58LAE project has raised several challenges when translated into the "real-life" setting, which include the difficulties of following childhood cancer survivors throughout their transition to adult life; the statistical analysis of a cohort of patients treated in multiple clinical trials and along different years; the need for combining different approaches to gather sufficient quality patient data; and the challenge of overcoming the healthcare administrative and regulatory obstacles. New ways of addressing survivorship studies are needed to address these challenges.".
• 01GRBRWN3ZV8QFGY9VCHK2WVFQ abstract "Neuroimaging and electrophysiological research have shown that epileptic activity is related to abnormal function within a network of cortical and subcortical brain structures (epileptic network). The estimation of connectivity and analysis of the related networks (connectomics, graph analysis) represent a rapidly growing field in clinical and basic neuroscience. This brief non-extensive review highlights the growing clinical implications of recent studies mapping epileptic network connectivity from non-invasivemeasurements.".
• 01GRBRWN421HC0EKKBYMRSYW0N abstract "Background: There is a critical need to improve the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis (TB) in children. Several techniques have been developed to improve the quality of sputum samples; however, these procedures are very unpleasant and invasive and require hospitalization and trained personnel. This study aims to explore the potential use of a new and noninvasive tool, "string test," for TB diagnosis in children and in adults not able to render sputum samples and at risk of developing multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). Methods: Children with clinical suspicion of TB attending the pediatric consultation at the Cetrangolo or Cordero Hospitals and adults suspected of MDR-TB and unable to produce sputum attending the Infectious Disease Unit of Cetrangolo Hospital were included in this study. Subjects and Methods: The " string test" is a string that is swallowed by the patients and exposed to gastrointestinal secretions that were late analyzed for TB diagnosis and drug-resistance detection by GenoType MTBDRplus. MedCalc software was used to perform statistical analysis. Results: This technique could be applied on 62.1% of selected children. About 11 (30.6%) children were diagnosed as TB cases, 8 (22.2%) from gastric aspirate and using the "string test." Six out of 19 adults were also diagnosed. Genotype directly on the string specimen detected two MDR-TB in adults and two isoniazid-resistant cases before obtaining the isolate. Conclusion: This test was safe, cheap, and easily implemented without requiring hospitalization. This research could represent a significant step forward to diagnose and rapidly detect drug-resistant TB in children.".
• 01GRBRWN4ANR9HWX1QDG2S6HWK abstract "Background: Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) have become standard practice in oncology and gained the status of the key decision-making forum for cancer patient management. The current literature provides evidence that MDTMs are achieving their intended objectives but there are also indications to question the positive impact of MDTMs in oncology settings. For cancer management to be patient-centered, it is crucial that medical information as well as psychosocial aspects-such as the patients' living situation, possible family problems, patients' mental state, and patients' perceptions and values or preferences towards treatment or care-are considered and discussed during MDTMs. Previous studies demonstrate that failure to account for patients' psychosocial information has a negative impact on the implementation of the treatment recommendations formulated during MDTMs. Few empirical studies have demonstrated the predominant role of physicians during MDTMs, leading to the phenomenon that medical information is shared almost exclusively at the expense of psychosocial information. However, more in-depth insight on the underlying reasons why MDTMs fail to take into account psychosocial information of cancer patients is needed. Objective: This paper presents a research protocol for a cross-sectional observational study that will focus on exploring the barriers to considering psychosocial information during MDTMs at medical oncology departments. Methods: This protocol encompasses a cross-sectional comparative case study of MDTMs at medical oncology departments in Flanders, Belgium. MDTMs from various oncology subspecialties at inpatient medical oncology departments in multiple hospitals (academic as well as general hospitals) are compared. The observations focus on the "multidisciplinary oncology consultation" (MOC), a formally regulated and financed type of MDTM in Belgian oncology since 2003. Data are collected through nonparticipant observations of MOC-meetings. Observational data are supplemented with semi-structured individual interviews with members of the MOC-meetings. Results: The protocol is part of a larger research project on communication and multidisciplinary collaboration in oncology departments. Results of this study will particularly focus on the input of psychosocial information during MDTMs. Conclusions: The concept of an MDTM should not merely be a group of care professionals who mostly work independently and occasionally liaise with one another. Interventions aiming to enhance the input of psychosocial information are crucial to ensure that MDTMs can benefit from their diverse membership to achieve their full potential. The findings from this study can be used to design nonclinical and organizational interventions that enhance multidisciplinary decision-making in oncology.".
• 01GRBRWN4XM1F6VG29HGJQ70JG abstract "Introduction To characterize sperm dynamic motility patterns and chromatin integrity in infertile men with leukocytospermia. Material and methods Fifty patients with primary infertility and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia included in this prospective, controlled, blind study. All patients underwent clinical evaluation, semen peroxidase stain, computer aided semen analysis (CASA), sperm DNA integrity evaluation with acridine orange test (AOT) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis of 18, X and Y chromosomes. Pregnancy outcomes were documented following antibiotic treatment of patients with leukocytospermia. Results Infertile men with leukocytospermia had significantly lower progressive and total sperm motility percentages compared to the control group. Sperm dynamic motility parameters by CASA including curvilinear, straight line and average pathway velocities, straightness and amplitude of lateral head displacement were significantly lower in leukocytospermia. Sperm DNA fragmentation index was significantly higher in leukocytospermia. Percentages of sperm with disomy XY and 18 were significantly higher. These changes in sperm motility parameters and DNA integrity correlated with the number of peroxidase positive leukocytes. Follow-up of 23 of the 25 patients with leukocytospermia after antibiotic treatment revealed significantly higher pregnancy rates in cured patients than in those with persistent leukocytospermia. Conclusions Leukocytospermia has a significant impact on sperm dynamic motility patterns, DNA and chromosomal integrity in infertile men which can adversely affect the likelihood of a successful pregnancy.".
• 01GRBRWN556P8FY49PJBYFPJJW abstract "As a result of the exposure of tungsten to a high-intensity plasma flow, it is established that the exposure of recrystallized and plastically deformed samples leads to fundamentally different mechanisms of confinement of plasma particles and associated deformation of the surface. The surface of the exposed deformed samples contains micrometer-sized ruptured blisters: an indication of the formation of subsurface bubbles on a grid of dislocations forming during deformation. Desorption spectra of both types of sample are decomposed into three peaks, corresponding to the detachment of plasma-gas particles from dislocations, deuterium-vacancy clusters, and pores. Plastic deformation, which leads to an increase in the dislocation density, does not change the position of the three peaks in the desorption spectra but increases their amplitude in comparison with the recrystallized material.".
• 01GRBRWN5EE4FWZ493Q8A3ZYEK abstract "Urinary tract infections are among the most common infectious diseases in humans. Today, resistance to nearly all antimicrobial classes is dramatically growing, and extremely drug-resistant or even pan-drug resistant pathogens are increasingly isolated around the world. It is foreseen that in the next decades the world will be facing a major medical emergency generated by the rapid spread of pathogens carrying resistance determinants of unprecedented power. Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, multidrug-resistant Enterococci and fluoroquinolone resistance determinants in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive uropathogens are among the greatest emergencies. In this article, the major emerging threats of particular interest to urologists are reviewed, worldwide resistance trends are illustrated, and novel and older - but still active - recommended drugs are summarized.".
• 01GRBRWN5JT673XCA5941VW9G8 abstract "Background: In low-income countries, rapid detection of tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance is often restricted by the difficulties of transporting and storing sputum samples from remote health centers to the reference laboratories where molecular tests are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of four transport and storage systems for molecular detection of rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) resistance. Methods: This was a multicenter study. Molecular detection of RIF and INH resistance was performed directly from smear-positive TB sputa spotted on a slide, FTA card, GenoCard, and ethanol using the Genotype MTBDRplus assay. The performance of the DNA extraction method from each storage support to detect drug resistance was assessed by calculating their sensitivity and specificity compared to the phenotypic method. Results: From all sites, the overall sensitivity and specificity for RIF-resistance detection was 88% and 85%, respectively, for slides, 86% and 92%, respectively, for GenoCard, 87% and 89%, respectively, for FTA card, and 88% and 92%, respectively, for ethanol. For INH-resistance detection, the overall sensitivity and specificity was 82% and 90%, respectively, for slides, 85% and 96%, respectively, for GenoCard, 86% and 92%, respectively, for FTA card, and 86% and 94%, respectively, for ethanol. Conclusion: Smear slides and filter cards showed to be very useful tools to facilitate DNA extraction from sputum samples with the potential to accelerate the detection of drug resistance in remote areas.".
• 01GRBSBBKMKD5J75J79GP8CTG5 abstract "Background Synkinesis is defined as involuntary movements accompanying by voluntary movements and can occur during the aftermath of peripheral facial palsy, causing functional, aesthetic and psychological problems in the patient. Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) is frequently used as a safe and effective treatment; however, there is no standardized guideline for the use of BTX-A in synkinesis. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize studies about the BTX-A treatment of synkinesis in patients with a history of peripheral facial palsy; including given dosages, injection sites and time intervals between injections. Materials and methods A multi-database systematic literature search was performed in October 2020 using the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, Medline, and The Cochrane Library. Two authors rated the methodological quality of the included studies independently using the 'Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale' for non-randomised studies' (NOS). Results Four-thousand-five-hundred-and-nineteen articles were found of which 34 studies met the inclusion criteria, in total comprising 1314 patients. Most studies were assessed to be of 'fair' to 'good' methodological quality. The Cohen's kappa (between author FJ and AS) was 0.78. Thirty-one studies investigated the reported dosage injected, 17 studies reported injection location and 17 studies investigated time intervals. A meta-analysis was performed for three studies comprising 106 patients, on the effects of BTX-A treatment on the Synkinesis Assessment Questionnaire (SAQ) scores. The mean difference was 11.599 (range 9.422-13.766), p < 0.01. However, due to inconsistent reporting of data of the included studies, no relationship with the dosage and location could be assessed. Conclusions Many treatment strategies for synkinesis exist, consisting of varying BTX-A brands, dosages, time intervals and different injection locations. Moreover, the individual complaints are very specific, which complicates creating a standardized chemodenervation treatment protocol. The BTX-A treatment of long-term synkinesis is very individual and further studies should focus on a patient-tailored treatment instead of trying to standardize treatment.".
• 01GRBT0EMXPEP6Q2H4T1F2M7ER abstract "Salivary gland malignancies (SGMs) account for less than 5% of new diagnoses in head and neck tumors. If feasible, surgery is the preferred treatment modality. Nevertheless, some malignancies have a tendency of recurrence, with possible distant metastasis. Alternative treatment strategies, such as primary radiation or chemotherapeutics, often present low response rates. As a result, there is an unmet need for novel therapeutic approaches. Nowadays, target-based therapies (e.g., small inhibitors and immunotherapy) are used by the medical oncologist for possible treatment of advanced SGMs. Based on recent published trials, some novel treatments may provide additional disease control for some patients. However, sample sizes are small, the general findings are unsatisfactory, and a lot of uncertainties remain to be elucidated. Nevertheless, research shows that patients do not benefit from blind administration of systemic treatments and therefore a more personalized approach is highly needed. The aim of this review paper is to summarize the most recent advances in the biological understanding and molecular pathways of salivary gland cancers, the association of these pathways with the current treatments used and their implications for more personalized targeted-based therapies.".
• 01GRBT3GFSNVZR4712THZRC43S abstract "This Special Issue of The FEBS Journal consists of 20 reviews covering various aspects and new developments in 'Infection and Immunity'. The issue includes expert views on the role of different immune cell populations, on the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, and novel concepts in host defence and inflammatory signalling. Many reviews in this issue also highlight potential targets for future therapeutic interventions that aim to tackle inflammatory and immune responses in health and disease".
• 01GRBTE9YXGX464AVRZX539CV8 abstract "Improvements in preoperative diagnostics and intraoperative techniques have made the surgical excision of benign parotid gland tumours less invasive. Extracapsular dissection (ECD) has become more popular in comparison to superficial parotidectomy (SP), the gold standard. Although clinical outcomes have been reported, reports on cost-effectiveness are limited. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the surgical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of ECD versus SP in benign parotid tumour surgery. A retrospective cohort of 161 patients treated between 2012 and 2020 was collected. Data concerning demographics, clinical outcomes, and cost-efficiency were recorded. Analysis of the 161 unilateral parotidectomy cases (59 SP, 102 ECD) showed a significantly longer operation time, anaesthesia time, and length of stay for SP patients (all P < 0.001). Regarding postoperative complications, transient facial nerve weakness (P < 0.001) and haematoma formation (P = 0.016) were more prevalent in the SP patients. The frequency of positive margins was lower for SP (P = 0.037). No case of recurrence was identified with either technique. ECD showed excellent clinical outcomes as well as a reduction in complications when compared to SP. ECD is a viable alternative for superficial benign parotid gland tumours after thorough preoperative clinical, pathological, and radiological examination. The reduction in operation, anaesthesia, and hospitalization times with ECD is likely to result in a gain in cost-effectiveness.".
• 01GRBZTPVM7T7FVSJZDZN4RBXS abstract "Society calls for protection of agricultural soils in order to sustain the production of foods for a growing population. Compaction of subsoil layers is an increasing problem in modern agriculture and a cause of serious concern because of the poor resilience in natural amelioration. The concept of soil precompression stress has been adapted from civil engineering, although in soil science it is applied to unsaturated soils that have developed a secondary structure from the action of weather, biota and tillage. It assumes strain is elastic at loads up to the precompression stress, while plastic deformation is expected at higher stresses. To determine this threshold we performed uniaxial, confined compression tests for a total of 584 minimally disturbed soil cores sampled at three subsoil layers on nine Danish soils ranging in clay content from 0.02 to 0.38 kg kg−1. The cores were drained to either of three matric potentials (−50, −100 or − 300 hPa) prior to loading. Stress was applied by a constant-strain rate method. We estimated the point of maximum curvature of the strain-log10(normal stress) relation by a numerical procedure. This point is considered here as a compactive stress threshold, typically labeled the soil precompression stress, σpc. The preload suction stress (PSS) was calculated as the product of initial (i.e., before loading) water suction and initial degree of pore water saturation. Multiple regressions were performed to evaluate the effect of soil properties (textural classes, volumetric water content, bulk density (BD), soil organic matter (SOM), and PSS) on σpc. The best model explained 39% of the variation in σpc, and indicated that σpc increases with increasing PSS, BD and SOM. For a given combination of clay, BD and SOM, PSS affected σpc negatively. We recommend our regression model for use in risk assessment tools for estimating sustainable traffic on agricultural soils. The model was validated by five independent data sets from the literature. Our study shows that caution should be applied when regarding σpc as a fixed threshold for compressive strength. We hypothesize that plastic deformation is initiated over a range of stress rather than at a distinctive single value. Further studies are needed to better understand—and potentially quantify—to what extent the predicted σpc can be regarded a central estimate of allowable stress for a given soil.".
• 01GRBZYWTFPNZM0WE12P9ZS00A abstract "Subsoil compaction has become a widespread problem for modern agriculture. Subsoiling is the most common measure to try and deal with this problem. However, despite the widespread use of this type of deep tillage, its effectiveness and sustainability are not without dispute. Previous studies show a great variety of outcomes depending on soil texture, soil moisture content, weather conditions and subsequent field operations, but the effects of the wide variety in available subsoilers have remained understudied. This study evaluated the effec-tiveness and sustainability of three different subsoilers on a sandy loam soil with a highly compacted upper-subsoil. The tested subsoilers differed in the number of tines, and thus the spacing between them, and several other tine characteristics, like the width of the tine foot and the curvature of the tine. The choice of subsoiler showed a clear impact on soil disruption, fuel consumption and mechanical resistance after one year. Limiting subsoil disturbance by using a subsoiler with less tines seems to have the potential of slowing down recom-paction, measured indirectly via penetration resistance, in the upper-subsoil. This would help reduce the fre-quency of subsoiling, which clearly is a high cost field operation. This experiment highlighted the importance of not over-expanding the working depth of the subsoiler. Not all available subsoilers will be able to disrupt the subsoil down to depths where compaction can regularly be found in Europe and even relatively powerful tractors will be pushed to their limits during these deep tillage operations. Even when effectively breaking open the compacted subsoil layer, no significant effects on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield were observed. Most likely linked to the rather wet conditions prevailing during the tuber bulking period, reducing the potential benefit of opening up the subsoil to root exploration.".
• 01GRC18SPNAMRP0VYZ6472EREG abstract "On November 4th, 2020 a deadly civil war broke out in Tigray, Ethiopia characterized by communication blackout leaving the region without access to cell service or internet. Given agriculture is the livelihood of millions of people in Tigray, evaluation of the conflict’s impact on cultivated land and the consequent crop production is critical for government and non-government disaster relief institutions. In this study, we used time-series of Sentinel-2 and Planet data to map loss of cultivated lands in 2021 due to the war. We developed multiple cultivation detection criteria based on the peak and falling limb characteristics of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series, validated using limited field observations of fallow and cultivated plots from the wet season in 2021. We also employed object detection model to identify harvest piles as an additional parameter to detect farming activity. The map of regional change in cultivated land shows there is a positive correlation between loss of cultivated land and sub-regions from which higher percentage of reported internally displaced people originated from. In the absence of extensive in situ data, we demonstrate satellite imagery along with good understanding of local farming practices can help provide timely and useful information to assist humanitarian management efforts in times of crisis.".
• 01GRC1Y4KFJ2Y4VFWTQ0GGFE7Y abstract "In fossil tetrapods, limb bone histology is considered the most reliable tool not only for inferring skeletal maturity—a crucial assessment in palaeobiological and evolutionary studies—but also for evaluating the growth dynamics within the ontogenetic window represented by the primary bone cortex. Due to its complex relationship with bone growth and functional maturation, primary cortical vascularity is an indispensable osteohistological character for reconstructing growth dynamics, especially in the context of various developmental strategies along the precocial–altricial spectrum. Using this concept as our working hypothesis, we developed a new quantitative osteohistological parameter, radial porosity profile (RPP), that captures relative cortical porosity changes in limb bones as trajectories. We built a proof-of-concept RPP dataset on extant birds, then added fossil paravian dinosaurs and performed a set of trajectory-grouping analyses to identify potential RPP categories and evaluate them in the context of our ontogeny—developmental strategy working hypothesis. We found that RPPs, indeed, reflect important developmental features within and across elements, specimens and taxa, supporting their analytical power. Our RPPs also revealed unexpected potential osteohistological correlates of growth and functional development of limb bones. The diverse potential applications of RPPs open up new research directions in the evolution of locomotor ontogeny.".
• 01GRC4H90X80CX04Y7650B55MM abstract "Novel C-4',C-5' cyclobutane-fused spirocyclic ribonucleoside analogues were prepared. Thermal [2 + 2] cycloaddition between dichloroketene and readily derived 4'-exo-methylene furanoses afforded a first entry to the required constrained ribofuranoses, relying on a carbonyl transposition sequence. Alternatively, an unusual stereoselective ionic [2 + 2] cycloaddition using methyl propiolate promoted by methylaluminoxane gave a complementary, more direct approach to such ribofuranoses. Further conversion to the constrained adenosine analogues revealed promising structure-dependent inhibition of the protein methyltransferase PRMT5:MEP50 complex in the (sub)micromolar range.".
• 01GRC4VAJ0D6RNG9HZ8PR5K6K3 abstract "Although the paper published by Kekule in 1865 is generally accepted as the seminal document regarding the elucidation of the structure of benzene, it was not for another seven years that Kekule introduced a "collision theory" which, in his view, made the 1,3,5-cyclohexatriene formulation at last acceptable. 2022 is therefore an appropriate year to celebrate the 150(th) anniversary of his proposal. The present Perspective focusses in particular on how Kekule's mind has evolved during that short period of time. After a short introduction, followed by a historical note about the emergence of aromatic chemistry and the role of Kekule as founder of structural organic chemistry, this Perspective discloses in three chapters the step-by-step unveiling of the 1,3,5-cyclohexatriene structure and focusses on Kekule's own dubiety about this formula. Eventually, in 1872 Kekule's benzene saga is completed in the article in which he discloses his final theory on the structure of benzene. In the last section, a short review is presented on the later quest for a fully symmetric single-formula representation of benzene.".
• 01GRDG98EHMC6RBS2AYMKDSKGF abstract "The adult immune system consists of cells that emerged at various times during ontogeny. We aimed to define the relationship between developmental origin and composition of the adult B cell pool during unper-turbed hematopoiesis. Lineage tracing stratified murine adult B cells based on the timing of output, revealing that a substantial portion originated within a restricted neonatal window. In addition to B-1a cells, early-life time-stamped B cells included clonally interrelated IgA plasma cells in the gut and bone marrow. These were actively maintained by B cell memory within gut chronic germinal centers and contained commensal micro -biota reactivity. Neonatal rotavirus infection recruited recurrent IgA clones that were distinct from those arising by infection with the same antigen in adults. Finally, gut IgA plasma cells arose from the same hemato-poietic progenitors as B-1a cells during ontogeny. Thus, a complex layer of neonatally imprinted B cells confer unique antibody responses later in life.".
• 01GRDGJ37WHB9XWK9E1KDCB2NH abstract "The LIN28B RNA binding protein exhibits an ontogenically restricted expression pattern and is a key molecular regulator of fetal and neonatal B lymphopoiesis. It enhances the positive selection of CD5+ immature B cells early in life through amplifying the CD19/PI3K/c-MYC pathway and is sufficient to reinitiate self-reactive B-1a cell output when ectopically expressed in the adult. In this study, interactome analysis in primary B cell precursors showed direct binding by LIN28B to numerous ribosomal protein transcripts, consistent with a regulatory role in cellular protein synthesis. Induction of LIN28B expression in the adult setting is sufficient to promote enhanced protein synthesis during the small Pre-B and immature B cell stages, but not during the Pro-B cell stage. This stage dependent effect was dictated by IL-7 mediated signaling, which masked the impact of LIN28B through an overpowering stimulation on the c-MYC/protein synthesis axis in Pro-B cells. Importantly, elevated protein synthesis was a distinguishing feature between neonatal and adult B cell development that was critically supported by endogenous Lin28b expression early in life. Finally, we used a ribosomal hypomorphic mouse model to demonstrate that subdued protein synthesis is specifically detrimental for neonatal B lymphopoiesis and the output of B-1a cells, without affecting B cell development in the adult. Taken together, we identify elevated protein synthesis as a defining requirement for early-life B cell development that critically depends on Lin28b. Our findings offer new mechanistic insights into the layered formation of the complex adult B cell repertoire.".
• 01GRDHRK5NJ6PX82W8180SZ9Y2 abstract "Avec la monographie Geschiedenis van Wenduine (Histoire de Wenduine), Prudens Verduyn a publié en 1938 un certain nombre de textes des XIVe et XVe siècles, jusqu'alors totalement inconnus, que l'auteur avait pu consulter et copier par hasard. Selon l'auteur, il s'agissait de fragments d'un « rekenboek » (livre de comptes) qui avait appartenu à la guilde des pêcheurs de Wenduine. Ces fragments ont la particularité de mettre en lumière la structure d'organisation corporative des pêcheurs de Wenduine et leurs activités de chasse aux mammifères marins. En plus d'être remarquables, ces fragments de source sont également uniques. Aucune autre source écrite du XIVe siècle n'a été conservée qui ait été produite par une guilde de pêcheurs du comté de Flandre. Il est par contre problématique que Verduyn ait intégré des fragments de source dans son argumentation et leur ait fourni un appareil critique plutôt inadéquat et incohérent, de sorte qu'il n'est pas toujours clair quand il les cite et quand il en parle lui-même. Les textes ont principalement déclenché une chasse à la source originale mais n'ont eux-mêmes guère été examinés. Cette contribution publie le ‘texte source’ et son analyse. On soutiendra que les extraits publiés du soi-disant livre de comptes sont très probablement un pastiche, une falsification qui ressemble à un modèle à bien des égards par imitation, combinant des caractéristiques d'originaux et intégrant des connaissances issues de la littérature. Les fragments de source ont principalement servi les ambitions d'une communauté côtière du XXe siècle dont la prospérité ne dépendait plus de la pêche mais du tourisme.".
• 01GRDHRK5NJ6PX82W8180SZ9Y2 abstract "Met de monografie Geschiedenis van Wenduine publiceerde Prudens Verduyn in 1938 een aantal tot dan volstrekt onbekende veertiende- en vijftiende-eeuwse teksten die de auteur door een toeval had kunnen inkijken en had gekopieerd. Volgens de auteur ging het om fragmenten uit een ‘rekenboek’ dat aan de vissersgilde van Wenduine had toebehoord. Deze fragmenten zijn bijzonder omdat ze een licht werpen op onder andere de corporatieve organisatiestructuur van de Wenduinse vissers en de door hen bedreven jacht op zeezoogdieren. Naast bijzonder zijn deze bronfragmenten ook uniek. Er zijn geen andere veertiende-eeuwse schriftelijke bronnen bewaard gebleven die binnen het graafschap Vlaanderen door een vissersgilde werden geproduceerd. Problematisch is dat Verduyn de bronfragmenten in zijn betoog integreerde en voorzag van een eerder gebrekkig en weinig consequent kritisch apparaat, waardoor het niet steeds duidelijk is wanneer hij citeert en wanneer hij zelf aan het woord is. De teksten hebben vooral een zoektocht naar de originele bron teweeggebracht maar zijn zelf nog nauwelijks onderzocht. Deze bijdrage publiceert de naakte ‘brontekst’ en analyseert deze. Er zal worden betoogd dat de fragmenten naar alle waarschijnlijkheid een pastiche zijn, een falsum dat via nabootsing, het combineren van kenmerken van originelen en het integreren van kennis uit literatuur in vele opzichten gelijkt op een model. De bronfragmenten dienden vooral de ambities van een twintigste-eeuwse kustgemeenschap waarvan het bestaan niet langer afhankelijk was van visserij maar van toerisme.".
• 01GRDHRK5NJ6PX82W8180SZ9Y2 abstract "With the monograph Geschiedenis van Wenduine (History of Wenduine) Prudens Verduyn published in 1938 a number of unknown fourteenth- and fifteenth-century texts that the author, by fortuity, had been able to explore and copy. According to the author, the fragments were part of a ‘rekenboek’ (account book) produced by the Wenduine fishermen's guild. The fragments are exceptional because they shed light on the corporate organizational structure of the Wenduine fishermen and the hunt for marine mammals. Besides exceptional, these source fragments are unique. No other fourteenth-century written sources, produced by a fishermen's guild within the county of Flanders, are known to have survived. The issue is that Verduyn integrated the source fragments in his discourse and provided only a rather flawed and inconsistent critical apparatus. It is not always clear when he is citing and when not. The texts have mainly triggered a search for the original source but have hardly been researched themselves. This contribution publishes and analyses the bare ‘source text.’ It will be argued that the published excerpts from the so-called account book most likely are a pastiche, a falsification that resembles a model in many respects through imitation, combining features of originals and integrating knowledge from literature. The source fragments mainly served the ambitions of a twentieth-century coastal community whose prosperity no longer depended on fishing but on tourism.".
• 01GRDTXR4QC0XR0B4N0Z68PFWF abstract " In Old Babylonian society, nadītu and other women who held religious offices were not allowed to bear children. Traditionally, this taboo on childbearing has been explained as a taboo on sex (chastity) or a taboo on blood (cultic impurity). I believe these traditional explanations to be faulty and inadequate, and suggest an alternative approach based on the concepts of alterity and constructed social identity. By not fitting the norm of their social group, viz. women, by definition birth giving beings, they are ‘othered’ as non-birth-giving-beings, which indeed is the literal meaning of nadītu: ‘the fallow (woman).’ However, their ‘otherness’ is not conceived as negative or problematic, on the contrary, it added greatly to their social status as a privileged group within society. As such, their childlessness was an important part of their social identity.".
• 01GRDXXWHHWYN6W0DPN9QB1RXZ abstract "In the literature, hub-networks have often been modeled such as only one mode is considered for all transportation. Also, the consolidated demand flows are assumed to be transferred directly between each origin-destination hub pairs. The previous assumptions impose restrictions on the practical applications of such hub-networks. In fact, various transport modes are usually retained for freight transport, and intermodal terminals (e.g., rail terminals) may not realistically be fully connected. Thus, to assist decision makers, we investigate if the appropriate use of more eco-friendly transportation modes in incomplete networks may contribute to the accomplishment of the significant global reduction goals in carbon emissions. In this paper, we study the intermodal green p-hub median problem with incomplete hub-network. For each p located hub nodes, the hub-network is connected by at most q hub-links. The objective is to minimize the total transportation-based CO2 emission costs incurred through the road- and rail-transportation of each o-d demand flows. We present a MILP formulation for the studied problem and propose a novel genetic algorithm to solve it. A penalty cost is considered on solutions where train capacity is exceeded. Additionally, we present a best-path construction heuristic to generate the initial population. Furthermore, we develop a demand flows routing heuristic to efficiently determine the partition of demand flows in the incomplete road-rail network. And we implement novel crossover and mutation operators to produce new off-springs. Extensive computational experiments show that the proposed solution approach outperforms the exact solver CPLEX. Also, we perform a comparison between the unimodal and intermodal cases, and offer a discussion on the tuning of freight trains.".
• 01GRDXXWHV1V8ZWSKDV792XP2H abstract "In recent years, governments are increasingly interested in developing public-private partnerships such as outsourcing logistics to service providers to benefit from better performance. A major obstacle to developing such partnerships is the lack of decision-support tools to investigate supply chain and outsourcing decisions, taking into account perceived risk that arises from such partnerships. This paper develops a decision-support tool for policy makers to quantify perceived risk and jointly optimize network design and logistics outsourcing. It is based on a multi-phase approach which quantifies perceived risk as a function of outsourcing decisions using policy makers judgment, solves a multi-objective optimization problem, and constructs efficient frontiers that balance total supply chain cost and perceived risk. The proposed approach is applied to the real case study of the Moroccan supply chain of pharmaceuticals. Several outsourcing strategies are investigated and corresponding efficient frontiers are constructed. Our analysis shows that outsourcing cost-efficiency and the degree of perceived risk have a great impact on the optimal distribution network design and outsourcing strategies.".
• 01GRDXXWHZMFBKTBXZCXREH1QE abstract "We study the problem of safety stock placement in a supply chain with market selection decisions. A manufacturer with deterministic, load-dependent lead time supplies multiple warehouses, each serving multiple retailers. Each retailer has access to a set of potential markets with different characteristics. Serving more markets increases revenues, but also increases the manufacturer's lead time, resulting in higher inventory costs. Adopting the Guaranteed Service Approach, we present a nonlinear mixed-integer programming model and reformulate it to eliminate integer variables related to service times at warehouses. We then propose a successive piecewise linearization algorithm and a mixed-integer conic quadratic formulation to solve the resulting nonlinear binary formulation. Computational experiments show that the successive piecewise linearization algorithm outperforms two state-of-the-art solvers, BARON and CPLEX, which are used to solve instances of the original formulation and the mixed-integer conic quadratic reformulation, respectively. The value of incorporating load-dependent lead times is greatest when capacity is limited relative to available demand. The benefit of integrating market selection and safety stock decisions is greatest when capacity is limited and marginal revenue is relatively low.".
• 01GRDXXWJ21YPS5BNMZ3W1YM7A abstract "Pharmaceutical consumption in hospitals and healthcare centers is characterized by demand uncertainty, particularly during unusual events, e.g., pandemics and other crises. Unlike other industries, healthcare management has been slow in implementing effective business logistics concepts, e.g., inventory pooling, i.e., aggregation, and extant literature on this topic is scant. Inspired by a public pharmaceutical supply chain, this study aims to investigate the feasibility and relevance of hospitals and other health care facilities collaborating through inventory pooling. While important savings could be achieved through aggregation, this strategy comes at a cost. In this study, we present a model that captures the costs of inventory pooling in an emerging market setting to find the optimal tailored aggregation, set of demand points, and products to aggregate so that inventory pooling costs and savings are balanced. The problem has been formulated as a mixed-integer conic quadratic program to minimize the total cost of pooling and hold safety stocks in the supply network, subject to budget constraints. We applied the proposed model to a real case study of pharmaceutical distribution in Morocco and analyzed inventory pooling schemes under different budget allocations to investigate how regional and product disparities affect costs and inventory pooling decisions. The findings reveal that when changing the pooling budget, the best customized aggregation varies substantially and is influenced by product type, regional population density, income per capita, and urbanization rate.".
• 01GRED1Z5DE1Y54BKK7CJWGG2T abstract "Giant shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots are bright and flexible emitters, with near-unity quantum yield and suppressed blinking, but their single photon purity is reduced by efficient multiexcitonic emission. We report the observation, at the single dot level, of a large blueshift of the photoluminescence biexciton spectrum ($24\pm 5$ nm over a sample of 32 dots) for pure-phase wurtzite quantum dots. By spectral filtering, we demonstrate a 2.3 times reduction of the biexciton quantum yield relative to the exciton emission, while preserving as much as 60% of the exciton single photon emission, thus improving the purity from $g_2(0)=0.07\pm 0.01$ to $g_2(0)=0.03\pm 0.01$. At larger pump fluency the spectral purification is even more effective with up to a 6.6 times reduction in $g_2(0)$, which is due to the suppression of higher order excitons and shell states experiencing even larger blueshift. Our results indicate the potential for synthesis engineered giant shell quantum dots, with further increased biexciton blueshift, for quantum optical applications requiring both high purity and brightness.".
• 01GRG4FE4HRNJHWVWSGPX3JPZX abstract "Human presence in space has uncovered several health concerns related to the space environment that need to be addressed for future space missions. The hostile space environment includes radiation and microgravity that cause various pathophysiological effects. Among them are conditions related to the cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system shows a dysfunctional and deconditioning state, similar to ageing on Earth, once exposed to the space environment. As we aim for longer space missions to the Moon, Mars, and thus into deep space, better understanding, monitoring, and development of countermeasures for these accelerated ageing processes are necessary. Biomarkers and their integration into biosensors therefore become important tools to understand the underlying mechanisms, develop countermeasures and monitor accelerated cardiovascular ageing. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of the space environment and its effects on the human cardiovascular system. We list the known potential cardiovascular ageing biomarkers relevant to space along with our current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of cardiovascular ageing. We also explore in more details about the various biosensors used, their specifications, and how lab-on-a-chip systems are crucial to the development of these biosensors for tracking cardiovascular ageing during upcoming space missions.".
• 01GRGSBZE443DK36S5ZS5X5WQS abstract "Fatigue has often been considered a risk factor for developing sports injuries, modulating lower extremity jump-landing biomechanics. The impact of fatigue on proximal trunk and pelvic biomechanics has been suggested to play an important role in lower extremity loading and injury risk, yet the available evidence remains ambiguous as the trunk and pelvis were often not the primary focus of research. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to determine how fatigue affects trunk and pelvic three-dimensional jump-landing biomechanics. PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus were consulted up to and including April 2022 for potential studies investigating the effect of fatigue on trunk and pelvic kinematics, kinetics and/or muscular activity during jump-landing tasks in healthy, physically active populations. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the modified Downs and Black checklist. Twenty-one studies were included and methodological quality was moderate to high among these studies. The results indicate prevailing evidence for more trunk flexion during standardized jump-landing tasks after lower extremity muscle fatigue. Otherwise, lumbo-pelvic-hip muscle fatigue does not seem to elicit major detrimental changes to these jump-landing biomechanics. Although a wide variability of trunk and pelvic jump-landing strategies was observed, the results provide evidence for increased trunk flexion after lower extremity muscle fatigue. This proximal strategy is suggested to help unload fatigued lower extremity structures and lack of this compensation might increase knee injury risk.".
• 01GRH1DMZH46B5B12K4521B59E abstract "Sorptivity is a transport index to address the durability performance of concrete. Cementitious materials generally demonstrate anomalous capillary absorption (or imbibition) reflected by a non-linear evolution with t(0.5). A more accurate description of the transport process and a best fitting with experimental results are achieved with the novel approach based on the hygroscopic nature of concrete considering a linear progression with t(0.25). To take profit of past and present literature referring to the traditional approach, comparisons are to be made possible with an appropriate correlation between the coefficients obtained from both approaches (traditional and new). This paper presents such correlation between sorptivity coefficients of concrete as calculated from relationships of water uptake with t(0.5) and t(0.25). The comparison considers both the mathematical correspondence and the fitting to data produced in 6 different laboratories. An excellent relationship independent of the mix features is presented, with special consideration of the testing time.".
• 01GRH2ARXBNDSRH2TEWCJZJ4FX abstract "The current knowledge-based society requires students to direct their learning. In this light, an often provided task is writing synthesis texts, in which information from sources is integrated. Collaborative writing often leads to better synthesis texts than individual writing [1]. Although collaborative writing can improve students’ learning outcomes, the process leading to these outcomes deserves more attention. Students do not always collaborate productively [2] and collaborative learning heavily depends on students’ interactions. Therefore, researchers should explore how students write collaboratively and investigate their interactions in detail [3]. This study aims to elicit how university students collaboratively write a synthesis text in terms of their overall approach, their specific interactions, and their group atmosphere. Two groups of three master’s students in educational studies wrote a synthesis text in Google Docs within three hours, based on provided sources. They communicated via Zoom and their interactions were recorded. In the two transcripts, units of meaning were demarcated and coded using a three-tiered coding scheme distinguishing at the highest level between an epistemic dimension (knowledge-related), a regulative dimension (regulated learning) and the dimension other (e.g., social chat). Each dimension comprises several categories of actions, which in turn contain specific actions (utterances), based on Damşa [3]. The transcriptions contained time stamps, enabling to calculate the time each group spent on each specific action. Group atmosphere was determined by three independent coders based on the Fiedler Group Atmosphere Scale [4]. Results show the differences between the groups. They differed in amount of time they were talking, the overall approach of the task, the actions on which they focused, and group atmosphere. In group 1, students spoke for 66 minutes, whereas group 2 only spoke for 31 minutes. Overall, group 1 started with a clear planning and distributed the sources. Their interactions concerned primarily epistemic actions and more specifically creating shared understanding, and to a lesser extent regulative actions. In group 2, all students read all sources. They focused mainly on regulative actions and more in particular on discussing and repeatedly adjusting their planning. Group 1’s group atmosphere can be defined as productive, supportive, enthusiastic, warm and accepting, whereas the atmosphere in group 2 seemed rejecting, frustrating and non-productive. This study shows how small groups of students write a synthesis text collaboratively. Full results will be discussed at EDULEARN21. Further research might focus on students’ interactions on a larger scale and on supporting students’ collaboration process.".
• 01GRH4F74PYV09CWXYMEQT8BQ8 abstract "Sand and dust storms (SDS) are both symptoms and causes of desertification. As one of the essential parts of desertification control, SDS source identification can be readily carried out using remote sensing data. This letter proposes an automatic SDS source identification method based on ERA5 surface wind direction and MODIS daily surface reflectance. This is also the first time Google Earth Engine (GEE) has been used to fully automate SDS source mapping, from spatial data processing to results visualization. In this study, we use the zero-crossing edge detection algorithm to extract the dust plume edge based on the enhanced dust index (EDI) and then trace the point sources through the upwind direction. We evaluate the model performance based on 12 SDS events in Arid Central Asia (ACA) and validate against manually labeled SDS point sources. The results showed that the mean accuracy of SDS sources estimation was greater than 67%. To demonstrate the geographic scalability of the method, we also investigate the spatial pattern of SDS point sources in ACA from 2000 to 2021. Last, we adopt land cover data to discuss its applicability in time-series studies. Experimental results have demonstrated that our proposed method has the ability to identify SDS source points accurately and efficiently. We anticipate that this method will play an essential role in dust risk assessment and desertification control.".
• 01GRH7K496CZG9D9KJP22R0GS0 abstract "It is commonly accepted that the etymology of Mycenaean a-mo ‘wheel’ and alphabetic Greek ἅρμα ‘chariot’ was resolved decades ago: they go back to a men-stem based on the root that can be found in ἀραρίσκω ‘join, fit together’, and thus a-mo originally meant ‘the assembled thing’, indicating ‘a spoked wheel’. However, an in-depth analysis of ἀραρίσκω showing that this verb never expressed ‘to assemble’ and thus never occurred with a result noun, along with the observation that such a reconstruction lacks semantic motivation (as wheels had always been ‘assembled things’), leads to the conclusion that the semantic part of the standard etymology is wrong. Next, it is proposed that the word for ‘wheel’ reflects an object noun ‘the thing that is attached or adjusted (to the axle)’. Support can be found in Mycenaean and Archaic Greek texts where reference is made to the practice of detaching or attaching wheels from/to the chariot, and in Vedic where the same verb root is used for the action of attaching wheels to the axle.".
• 01GRHBV8145NHWTAS431SY3RFV abstract "Cystic fibrosis (CF) has entered the era of variant-specific therapy, tailored to the genetic variants in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. CFTR modulators, the first variant -specific therapy available, have transformed the management of CF.The latest standards of care from the European CF Society (2018) did not include guidance on variant -specific therapy, as CFTR modulators were becoming established as a novel therapy. We have produced interim standards to guide healthcare professionals in the provision of variant-specific therapy for people with CF.Here we provide evidence-based guidance covering the spectrum of care, established using evidence from systematic reviews and expert opinion. Statements were reviewed by key stakeholders using Delphi methodology, with agreement ( >= 80%) achieved for all statements after one round of consultation. Issues around accessibility are discussed and there is clear consensus that all eligible people with CF should have access to variant-specific therapy.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Cystic Fibrosis Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )".
• 01GRHWN803XGSY77BTSCHW1H5P abstract "On the island of Hispaniola, five endemic species of Magnolia occur, all of which are threatened with extinction. Little is known about their distribution and genetic health, hampering targeted conservation actions. The objective of this study is to assess the potential distribution and the genetic health of the Magnolias of Hispaniola, to inform concrete guidelines for effective conservation management. Using species distribution modelling (SDM), we predict habitat suitability for the Magnolias of Hispaniola by analysing 21 variables, describing climate and landscape features, on 635 occurrences. We genotyped 417 individuals using 16 microsatellite markers, to test for genetic structure and degree of inbreeding. The SDM and genetic data confirm the recognition of the four studied Magnolia species. The known individuals of the three Dominican Magnolias are structured into five populations which show ample genetic diversity and little inbreeding overall. For conservation management, we propose to focus on exploration using the SDM results, and protection and reinforcement using the genetic and occurrence data. The genetic results guide prioritization of species and populations. The SDM results guide spatial prioritization. Installing and/or protecting habitat corridors between populations, starting with the two species with the lowest genetic diversity and relatively nearby populations, is recommended as a durable conservation strategy. Meanwhile, reinforcement efforts can be undertaken to artificially increase gene flow for which we appoint sink and source population pairs, using the genetic data.".
• 01GRJH4ZN7X6DDN2DGFY1K9TWG abstract "Electrocardiography (ECG) monitoring is very important for the diagnosis and examination of heart-related diseases. Electrodes are the main components in monitoring and recording ECG signals. In this work, we have developed embroidered electrodes using two types of conductive yarns. ECG detection performance of the electrodes was measured at static and dynamic conditions and results were compared to standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. The electrodes were developed with three different dimensional areas to investigate the effect of the size on ECG acquisition performance. ECG signals collected from both the embroidered and standard Ag/AgCl electrodes have visible P, QRS, and T waveforms. Signals collected using large-size textile electrodes show better signal amplitude, which would reveal that the performance of the electrodes becomes improved with an increase in size. However, signals collect more artifacts dynamic conditions contain motion artifacts, indicating this aspect requires further improvement.".
• 01GRJJR524QCMDYA7VE8QZY4FN abstract "Recently, metallic dry EEG electrodes have been introduced to overcome the limitation of wet electrodes, as the conductive gel used causes skin irritation and dries out over time. However, the metal dry EEG electrodes have a high weight and a stiff structure that limits them from wearable application. In this work, we have developed a textile-based EEG electrode (textrode) from silver-plated polyamide loop fabric washable up to 100 cycles. The new EEG textrode collects quality signals comparable to commercial dry Ag/AgCl EEG electrodes. The signals were detected at all major EEG bandwidths. In addition, the new textrodes showed a lower skin-to-electrode impedance (-19.23%) than the commercial dry electrode and a higher signal-to-noise ratio (+27.4%). Therefore, these novel textile-based electrodes can be used to monitor brain activity for wearable applications, especially when long-term monitoring is required.".
• 01GRJT5KCM56ZYRA6G25M0HY9A abstract "Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) benefit from healthcare transition (HCT) programs. Despite the well-established literature reviewing HCT, a considerable heterogeneity exists on the involved healthcare professionals. This review aims to explore systematic reviews on the practices and recommendations on which disciplines of professionals should be involved in HCT. An umbrella review was performed using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. To be eligible, systematic reviews had to report on the composition and/or the rationale of members of a transition team. Seventeen reviews were included in this systematic review. A healthcare professional that coordinates HCT was identified as a key caregiver in all reviews. Other reported members of a HCT team were nurses (75% of the reviews), social workers (44%), and peers/mentors (35%). The reported key responsibilities of a HCT team were to (i) manage communication, (ii) ensure continuity of care, and (iii) maintain contact with community services.Conclusions: A team responsible for HCT should be active on the organizational, medical, and social levels. Key members of a HCT team vary little between diseases and included a coordinator, social worker, and nurse. A coordinating physician could facilitate transition in complex conditions. At all times, the condition and needs of the AYA should determine who should be involved as caregiver.".
• 01GRJWDCECRSAWB46KVJYFJ27E abstract "The remarkably growing body of academic literature on the university in relation to sustainability pivots around the idea that the university has an important role to play regarding this issue. However, which role this precisely is and what type of university this requires is often left implicit. This article presents an empirical analysis of how the idea of the "sustainable university" - understood as any notions of an existing or desirable future university that engages with sustainability - is discursively constructed in 4584 scientific publications on the topic. Through a combination of a discourse analysis with the content analysis tool topic modelling, three discourses on the sustainable university are discerned: the sustainable higher education institution, the engaged community, and the green-tech campus, providing the groundwork for further research and debate on what the sustainable university could be and should be.".
• 01GRJX4GYENX7FY6AYC2W4RDXA abstract "The importance of strategic planning and human resource management (SHRM) for school effectiveness and improvement has been stressed. Yet, research shows that both are challenging aspects of school management. This qualitative study explores (a) the role of strategic planning in SHRM and (b) the link between SHRM and the factors that stimulate teachers' professional learning. Based on 194 semistructured interviews with school leaders and team members, a comparative analysis between excellent and moderate strategic schools was conducted. The results reveal that excellent strategic schools distinguish themselves through strategic planning that focuses on core aspects of students' learning and a working environment that is characterized by a highly motivated teacher team and various chances for teachers to learn from each other. The study provides an insight into how a "learning-focused" working environment can be enhanced by enacting a set of human resource practices.".
• 01GRJY12D6ENRMXEFZN1G7T50G abstract "The current study reports a pre-registered investigation into the interrelations between mathematics anxiety, metacognition and mathematical decision-making. Although this question has already received some attention in previous work, reliance on self-report measures of metacognition has hindered its interpretation. Here, a novel experimental mathematical decision-making task was used in which participants solved mathematical assignments of varying difficulty, and expressed their level of confidence in the accuracy of their decision both prospectively and retrospectively. Mathematics anxiety was measured using a standardized questionnaire. Both prospective and retrospective confidence judgments predicted unique variation in accuracy; however, the explanatory effect of prospective confidence disappeared after taking task difficulty into account. This suggests that prospective, but not retrospective, confidence is largely based on easily available cues indicative of performance. Results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that individual differences in mathematics anxiety were negatively related to the overall level of confidence (both prospectively and retrospectively), and positively related to metacognitive efficiency (only prospectively). Having insight in these interrelationships is important in the context of remediating mathematics anxiety, which might in turn be useful with regard to the worldwide need for more workers with degrees in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM).".
• 01GRJYB8J06CGXVY3A83RRARJ6 abstract "In colonial breeding species, the number of adverse social interactions during early life typically varies with breeding density. Phenotypic plasticity can help deal with this social context, by allowing offspring to adjust their behaviour. Furthermore, offspring may not be unprepared since mothers can allocate resources to their embryos that may pre-adjust them to the post-hatching conditions. Thus, we hypothesize that lesser black-backed gull chicks raised in dense breeding areas, with greater exposure to intra-specific aggression, show higher levels of anxiety and lower levels of exploration compared to chicks in low-density areas, and that this is facilitated by prenatal effects. To test this, we cross-fostered clutches within and across pre-defined high- and low-breeding density areas. We measured chicks' anxiety and exploration activity in an open-field test that included a novel and a familiar object. We found that both pre- and post-natal social environment contributed nearly equally and shaped the offspring's exploratory behaviour, but not its anxiety, in an additive way. Post-natal effects could reflect a learned avoidance of intra-specific aggression, yet identifying the pathways of the prenatal effects will require further study.".
• 01GRJZDANEX0E9Y4AT2B7ZV52R abstract "Errors and their consequences are typically studied by investigating changes in decision speed and accuracy in trials that follow an error, commonly referred to as "post-error adjustments". Many studies have reported that subjects slow down following an error, a phenomenon called "post-error slowing" (PES). However, the functional significance of PES is still a matter of debate as it is not always adaptive. That is, it is not always associated with a gain in performance and can even occur with a decline in accuracy. Here, we hypothesized that the nature of PES is influenced by one's speed-accuracy tradeoff policy, which determines the overall level of choice accuracy in the task at hand. To test this hypothesis, we had subjects performing a task in two distinct contexts (separate days), which either promoted speed (hasty context) or cautiousness (cautious context), allowing us to consider post-error adjustments according to whether subjects performed choices with a low or high accuracy level, respectively. Accordingly, our data indicate that post-error adjustments varied according to the context in which subjects performed the task, with PES being solely significant in the hasty context (low accuracy). In addition, we only observed a gain in performance after errors in a specific trial type, suggesting that post-error adjustments depend on a complex combination of processes that affect the speed of ensuing actions as well as the degree to which such PES comes with a gain in performance.".
• 01GRK0BJ9EY900D2HMTVACRJWT abstract "We are often presented with choices that differ in their more immediate versus future consequences. Interestingly, in everyday-life, ambiguity about the exact timing of such consequences frequently occurs, yet it remains unknown whether and how time-ambiguity influences decisions and their underlying neural correlates. We developed a novel intertemporal fMRI choice task in which participants make choices between sooner-smaller (SS) versus later-larger (LL) monetary rewards with systematically varying levels of time-ambiguity. Across trials, delay information of the SS, the LL, or both rewards was either exact (e.g., in 5 weeks), of low ambiguity (4 week range: e.g., in 3-7 weeks), or of high ambiguity (8 week range: e.g., in 1-9 weeks). Choice behavior showed that the majority of participants preferred options with exact delays over those with ambiguous delays, indicating time-ambiguity aversion. Consistent with these results, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex showed decreased activation during ambiguous versus exact trials. In contrast, intraparietal sulcus activation increased during ambiguous versus exact trials. Furthermore, exploratory analyses suggest that more time-ambiguity averse participants show more insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation during subjective value (SV)-coding of ambiguous versus exact trials. Lastly, the best-fitting computational choice models indicate that ambiguity impacts the SV of options via time perception or via an additive ambiguity-related penalty term. Together, these results provide the first behavioral and neural signatures of time-ambiguity, pointing towards a unique profile that is distinct from impatience. Since time-ambiguity is ubiquitous in real-life, it likely contributes to shortsighted decisions above and beyond delay-discounting.".
• 01GRK0BSRAJEA1R35PCEHBST3Z abstract "Silicon photonic devices are very sensitive to process variation, and it is important for circuit designers that they can predict the effect of this variability during the design phase, and optimize their design for both performance and yield. This requires an accurate predictive model of the spatial variations induced by the fabrication process. We present in this paper a method to extract a granular map of the line width and thickness variation on a silicon photonics wafer. We propose a hierarchical model to separate the layout-dependent and location-dependent systematic process variation from the random process variation on different spatial levels. We identify the relative contributions to width and thickness variations and use this to construct a synthetic model for virtual wafers that can be used to analyze the effect on circuit behavior and eventually predict the yield of photonic circuits after fabrication. We observe that the main contribution to waveguide width and thickness variations are systematic, and that die scale systematic line width variation is correlated with local pattern density.".
• 01GRK0WPQQW93YKDZ5T3RHPYBB abstract "While strong claims have been made that testosterone increases risk-taking, the existing literature is inconclusive. Thus, our experiment aimed at addressing some shortcomings of previous work. First, risk-taking was assessed using the Columbia Card Task, which allows to decompose overt risk-taking into three task factors-gain amount, loss amount, and the probability of losing-in both a dynamic, more affective ("hot") and a static, more deliberative ("cold") decision-making context. Second, we conducted a testosterone administration study in 80 females using a triple-blind (i.e., blinded participants, experimenters, and data-analysts), placebo-controlled, randomized, between-subjects design to investigate the causal effect of exogenous testosterone on risk-taking. Reviewers were also blind to the treatment conditions during the reviews. Third, we preregistered our analyses. We investigated (a) the main effect of testosterone, (b) the influence of gain amount, loss amount, and the probability of losing on risky decision-making, each in a more affective and more deliberative decision-making context, and (c) whether testosterone moderated any of those effects. Although we replicated previous studies showing that risk-taking was affected by gains, losses, probabilities, and decision-making context, we found no evidence for a main or interaction effect involving testosterone. This finding was further supported by our meta-analysis, which suggests that the effect of administered testosterone on risk-taking in women is smaller than a small effect size. In conclusion, these results provide no evidence for an effect of exogenous testosterone on decision-making under risk, raising some doubts about the commonly suggested direct link between the two.".
• 01GRK1EJY5NNKEZEHAQZFDGRWH abstract "‘Mijn beide ouders stammen uit een schippersgeslacht’. Met die enigszins onverwachte woorden start Jan Bremans ‘ten geleide’ bij zijn recente bundeling essays, uitgegeven onder de titel ‘Kolonialisme en Racisme’. Eerder dan een introductie van een duidelijk wetenschappelijk programma of een analytische inleiding op zijn werk, leest de 'ten geleide' als een intieme familiegeschiedenis, die Jan helpt zichzelf sociologisch te situeren in de inmiddels steeds diverser wordende Nederlandse samenleving. Die keuze getuigt van een sterk bewustzijn van de invloed van de eigen levensloop en ervaringen op de blik waarmee onderzoekers naar de wereld kijken. We kunnen, stelt Jan, subjectieve elementen waaronder ‘de herkomst en de klasse’ van sociale wetenschappers niet wegdenken wanneer we hun wetenschappelijke relaas proberen te begrijpen.".
• 01GRK374HBCXSYA52PHZMHDJC7 abstract "An integrated photonics based scheme for radio-frequency self-interference cancella-tion is proposed and demonstrated. It is achieved using a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator that eliminates the interference signal in the optical domain. The output of the modulator is a carrier suppressed double-sideband waveform that contains only the signal of interest. Finally, the signal of interest is recovered by combining the modulator output with a local optical carrier and detecting it at a high-speed photodetector. We present a detailed theoretical analysis and derive the optimal condition for self-interference cancellation for small modulation indices. The modulators were designed and fabricated on IMEC's Silicon-on-Insulator iSiPP50G platform. Using this technique, we experimentally obtain a cancellation depth of 30 dB and a signal to interference ratio of 25 dB for frequencies up to 20 GHz, limited only by the equipment used. This is the first demonstration of self-interference cancellation on a silicon photonics platform and a further expansion of the functionalities offered by integrated microwave photonics.(c) 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement".
• 01GRK38T5AAS17R6BXNE4TWYKP abstract "Background The freezing response isa universal response to threat, linked to attentive immobility and action preparation. It is relevant for acute stress coping in animals and humans, and subtle deviations in toddler freezing duration (absence of, or excessively long reactions) have been linked to higher risk for internalizing symptoms in adolescence. Yet, while individ-ual freezing tendencies are relatively stable throughout life, little is known about their gene-environment aetiology. Methods We investigated the heritability of toddler freezing in the Quebec Newborn Twin Study (QNTS; n=508 twins) by fitting behavioural genetic models to video-coded freezing responses during a robot confrontation. Further-more, we examined the predictive associations between toddler freezing and internalizing symptoms (anxiety and depressive symptoms), as they unfold during adolescence (ages 12-19 years) using linear mixed-effects models. Findings Freezing was found to be moderately heritable (45% of the variance accounted for by genetic factors). The remaining variance was explained by unique environmental factors, including measurement error. No significant contribution of shared environmental factors was noted. Additionally, shorter freezing was associated with more internalizing symptoms in adolescence at trend level, a pattern that was significant for depressive but not anxiety symptoms. Interpretation Freezing is an adaptive coping mechanism in early childhood, which is partly driven by genetic fac-tors. Crucially, the absence or shorter duration of these behaviours may signal vulnerability to depressive problems later in life.Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)".
• 01GRK3AZ3KR4NCZ3SS8JAQGGBB abstract "Resource partitioning is a mechanism for niche differentiation which can facilitate coexistence of species at local scales. Insights into resource use and niche differentiation of functionally similar and/or taxonomically closely related species are scant, especially so for small organisms that dominate marine sediments in terms of abundance and species richness. In this study we characterized the microbiomes of 10 bacterivorous nematode species co-occurring in various estuarine microhabitats using 16S rRNA metabarcoding to address their resource utilization. We investigated microbiome diversity and composition of nematodes collected from six microhabitats in the field: Fucus spiralis, Fucus vesiculosus, fresh and decomposing thalli of Ulva sp., and attached and detached leaves of Spartina anglica. The 10 species belonged to three different families, and included congeneric and morphologically cryptic species. The microbiome of species sharing their microhabitats showed a substantial overlap, suggesting that resource differentiation of species within a microhabitat was rather limited at time of sampling. Microbiomes of the same nematode species found in different microhabitats were also not strongly differentiated. Temporal divergence in resource use may occur, as suggested by temporally divergent microbiome composition of nematodes associated with Ulva sp. The observed high intraspecific variability in microbiome composition of nematodes may be the principal factor explaining the lack of microbiome differentiation among species or microhabitats and may illustrate individual specialization in resource use as a consequence of substantial intraspecific competition.".

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