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- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D classification C3.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D date "2023".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D language "eng".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D type conference.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D hasPart 01HHVTJWPWS7Z54ACNJ9PS9ZF9.pdf.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D subject "Veterinary Sciences".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D presentedAt urn:uuid:2f6ad866-f10a-48a3-93e9-ea9bff2d90f7.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D abstract "Objective: As in other mammals, the neonatal period is accompanied by many challenges for the newborn cria with a high incidence of illness. Because of this high occurrence and the increasing popularity of South American camelids in Belgium, similar to other Western European countries, the demand for local veterinary care and advice is increasing. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research available on the clinical findings of neonatal crias and the occurrence of congenital disorders in field settings in this region. Therefore, the objective of this study was to describe the clinical parameters of neonatal crias subjected to a routine veterinary examination, the prevalence of congenital disorders, the prevalence of physical signs of immaturity, and the incidence of illness in the first 2 weeks of life, in Belgium. In addition, a second objective consisted of the exploration of associations between de information gathered at the initial clinical exam and the incidence of disease. Material & Methods: As part of a study on the prevalence of failure of transfer of passive immunity in camelids, 94 crias of 12 Belgian herds, selected based on willingness to cooperate, were examined between 0 and 7 days of age, in the period from April 2023 to June 2023. A clinical exam was conducted and umbilical cord diameter (using a caliper meter), visible congenital disorders, and signs of immaturity, such as tendon laxity, floppy ears, and unerupted incisors were assessed. Owners were asked to keep records of birthing information and signs of illness during the first 2 weeks of life. Associations of different factors were explored through multilevel logistic regression with herd as a random effect. Results: On the selected herds, 94 crias (93 huacaya, 1 suri) were examined and in 79 of them, a follow- up period of 2 weeks was available. Gestation length was available in 38 cases and the mean ± standard deviation(SD) (minimum-maximum(mM)) was 352 ± 14 days (324-388). The mean ± SD (mM) birth weight was 8.46 ± 1.05kg (6.2-10.4), based on 48 cases. Powdered colostrum and frozen cattle colostrum were given supplementary in 21.3% (20/94) and 4.3% (4/94) of the cases, respectively. The mean ±SD (mM) for the rectal temperature, the breathing frequency, and the heart frequency of crias that didn’t develop any sign of illness in the first 2 weeks were 38.6± 0.5°C (37.9-39.5), 46 ± 12/min (28-88), 118 ± 23 (72-200)/min, respectively (n = 55). The umbilical cord was assessed by palpation and was thickened in 5.3% (5/94) cases and painful in 2.1% (2/94) of the cases. Excluding these cases, the mean ± SD (mM) of the Crias/youngstock 53 umbilical thickness was 0.61± 0.19cm (0.14-0.98). The prevalence of congenital disorders was 21.3% (20/94) where the umbilical hernia was the most prevalent (16,0%,15/94). Unerupted incisors, tendon laxity, and floppy ears were present in 9.6% (9/94), 7.4% (7/94) and 5% (5/94) crias, respectively. The presence of one of these signs was not associated with gestation length (n= 38) or the development of disease (n = 79) in the first 2 weeks of life. Hyperaemia/congestion of the conjunctivae was noted in 12.8% (12/94) and slight hyperaemia in 19.1% (18/94) of the crias. Illness occurred in 17.7% (14/79) of the crias and non-specific signs like persistent weight loss, decrease of suckling behavior, and/or apathy were the most common (8.86%, 7/79). Additionally, diarrhea was noticed in 5.06% (4/79), omphalitis in 2.5% (2/79), and conjunctivitis in 1.3% (1/79). The mortality rate consisted of 2.6% (2/79) where one cria acutely died without showing signs of illness. Supplementation of powdered or cattle colostrum was associated with disease development (P = 0.0153, OR= 4.4). The presence of one sign of immaturity was not associated with gestation length or the development of disease in the first 2 weeks of life. (Slightly) hyperaemic conjunctivae were associated with a higher incidence of illness (P = 0.013, OR = 4.8). Conclusion: The vital parameters observed in the clinically healthy group of crias of this study, especially the breathing rate and heart rate were higher than previously reported values. This could potentially indicate an effect of handling stress or age differences in the first days of life. Congenital disorders were encountered in 21.3% of the crias with the highest occurrence of umbilical hernias. Signs of immaturity were present in 18.1% of the crias, whereas the incidence of disease in the first two weeks was 17.7%. Nonspecific signs of illness like apathy and a decrease in suckling behavior were most frequently observed, followed by diarrhea. (Slightly) hyperaemic conjunctivae were a risk factor for neonatal illness. The observed association of supplementation of powdered or cattle colostrum with neonatal illness is likely the consequence of administration of these products mainly in crias at high risk for failure of passive transfer of immunity.".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D author A425ADBC-82CE-11E7-BA37-6BFDAD28A064.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D author D8150C9C-6296-11E7-8720-9E85AD28A064.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D author F903148C-F0ED-11E1-A9DE-61C894A0A6B4.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D dateCreated "2023-12-17T11:33:11Z".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D dateModified "2024-10-29T18:29:35Z".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D name "Assessment of clinical findings, immaturity, congenital disorders, and disease development in Belgian crias in the first 2 weeks of life".
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D pagination urn:uuid:5c6f46c3-2667-4664-a6e0-61aaaef6ac63.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D sameAs LU-01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D sourceOrganization urn:uuid:0867c388-8fc8-4a69-94d2-0ba57a2c1ee0.
- 01HHVRTCF32RNYS01BWSZ3410D type C3.