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- aggregation classification "C3".
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- aggregation date "2011".
- aggregation hasFormat 1942866.bibtex.
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- aggregation language "eng".
- aggregation publisher "International Pig Veterinary Society (IPVS). Belgian Branch".
- aggregation subject "Veterinary Sciences".
- aggregation title "Double benefit: a modified glucomannan mycotoxin-adsorbing agent counteracts T-2 toxin related reduced weight gain and limits Salmonella Typhimurium infections in pigs".
- aggregation abstract "Introduction : Worldwide, Salmonella Typhimurium is the predominant serovar isolated from slaughter pigs, and one of the major causes of foodborne salmonellosis in humans (1). Besides Salmonella infections, T-2 toxin contamination of various feed and food commodities, poses a serious threat to human and animal health (2), especially to pigs which seem to be one of the most sensitive species to many mycotoxins (3). Moderate to high levels of T-2 toxin cause feed refusal, vomiting, weight loss, reduced growth, skin lesions and immunosuppression in pigs, resulting in considerable economic losses (4). A strategy for reducing the exposure to mycotoxins is the use of mycotoxin-adsorbing agents in the feed (5). Some of these mycotoxin-adsorbing agents might however affect the pathogenesis of a Salmonella Typhimurium infection. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a modified glucomannan detoxifying agent on the course of a Salmonella Typhimurium infection in T-2 toxin exposed and unexposed pigs. Materials and methods : An in vivo trial (three-week-old piglets) was performed in which four different pig diets were provided during 23 days: a diet which was free of mycotoxins, a diet containing 1.0 g of a modified glucomannan binder (Mycosorb®) per kg feed, a diet containing 83 ± 31.5 µg T-2 toxin per kg feed and a diet containing 83 ± 31.5 µg T-2 toxin per kg feed supplemented with 1.0 g of the modified glucomannan binder per kg feed. At day 18 of the feeding period, all pigs were inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium and five days later the pigs were euthanized and organ samples were collected for bacteriological analysis. Furthermore, the binding capacity of the modified glucomannan binder for Salmonella Typhimurium was examined in vitro. For this purpose, Salmonella Typhimurium was added to 1 ml aqua dest whether or not supplemented with 20 mg of the modified glucomannan binder and incubated at 37 °C on a shaker. Immediately and 4 hours after incubation, the number of Salmonella bacteria was assessed by plating 10-fold dilutions of the solution on Brilliant Green Agar plates. Results : The ingestion of 83 ± 31.5 µg T-2 toxin per kg feed by pigs resulted in a significant reduction of weight gain (%) compaired to control pigs that received blank feed. We showed that the addition of the modified glucomannan binder to feed contaminated with 83 µg T-2 toxin per kg feed, neutralized this reduced weight gain. Supplementation of the feed with T-2 toxin, the modified glucomannan mycotoxin-adsorbing agent or the combination of both, resulted in a reduced colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium in comparison to control pigs that received blank feed. Furthermore, we showed that after 4 hours, the modified glucomannan binder significantly reduced the number of Salmonella bacteria in aqua dest in comparison to the start of the incubation period and to aqua dest without the modified glucomannan binder. Discussion and conclusions : We highlighted the protective role of the mycotoxin-adsorbing agent tested here, against T-2 toxin induced weight loss in pigs. We also provided evidence that it captures Salmonella bacteria, resulting in a reduced colonization of the porcine intestine. References : (1) Fisher, I. S. and Partipants, E.-N. 2004: International trends in Salmonella serotypes 1998-2003--a surveillance report from the Enter-net international surveillance network. Euro Surveill 9, 45-7. (2) Placinta, C., D'Mello, J. and Macdonald, A. 1999: A review of worldwide contamination of cereal grains and animal feed with Fusarium mycotoxins. Animal Feed Science and Technology 78, 21-37. (3) Hussein, H. S. and BRASEL, J. M. 2001: Toxicity, metabolism, and impact of mycotoxins on humans and animals. Toxicology 167, 101-34. (4) Harvey, R. B., Kubena, L. F., Huff, W. E., Corrier, D. E., Rottinghaus, G. E. and Phillips, T. D. 1990: Effects of treatment of growing swine with aflatoxin and T-2 toxin. Am J Vet Res 51, 1688-93. (5) Anonymous 2009: Review of mycotoxin-detoxifying agents used as feed additives: mode of action, efficacy and feed/food safety.".
- aggregation authorList BK309829.
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