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- aggregation classification "C3".
- aggregation creator B110908.
- aggregation creator B110909.
- aggregation creator B110910.
- aggregation creator person.
- aggregation creator person.
- aggregation creator person.
- aggregation date "2013".
- aggregation hasFormat 3834650.bibtex.
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- aggregation language "eng".
- aggregation subject "Earth and Environmental Sciences".
- aggregation title "Integrated solutions for severely degrading gully systems in Vertisols: example from the drylands of Northern Ethiopia".
- aggregation abstract "Gully erosion is known to be a key erosion process of land degradation in dryland environments. In Northern Ethiopia, gully networks rapidly developed since the 1960s onwards, draining hillsides, jeopardizing in-situ and downstream agricultural production, causing downstream water pollution, reservoir sedimentation, enhancing environmental degradation, and hindering overland travel. In response to the negative impacts on humans and the environment, environmental rehabilitation programs were launched in Northern Ethiopia, including the region-wide implementation of soil and water conservation measures (SWC). As indicated in recent studies these measures are starting to be successful and about 25% of the gully networks are currently stabilizing. However, under specific soillandscape conditions, the presence of Vertisols, with their swell-shrink properties, limits the effects of the SWC measures, as there, gully development is enhanced by soil piping. Alternative measures are therefore needed to control sub-surface drainage in Vertisol areas, especially upslope of existing gully heads. A new method that is being implemented in the catchment of May Ba’ati consists of introducing subsurface geomembrane (vertical) dams perpendicular to a gully channel segment, which are enforced with gabion check dams where they cross the gully. The subsurface dams extend 25 m at each side of the check dam and are inserted from 0.3 to 2.3 m deep. The outcome of this technique is that the groundwater level upslope from the subsurface geomembrane dams rises, and concomitantly, that soil cracking and hence soil piping decreases. In addition, flood retention ponds are constructed in the gully channel and peak flow discharges are diverted to a nearby exclosure. Piezometric measurements indicate that groundwater is retained longer in the Vertisol upslope of the dams after rainfall events. This is also apparent from field observations, which show green grass upslope of the subsurface dam as a result of improved moisture conditions. This low-cost intervention will not only improve gully stabilization but moreover, risen water tables will increase in-situ agricultural production and flood diversion will stimulate the growth of grasses, shrubs and trees in exclosures. By presenting such an integrated approach on gully erosion control in Vertisol areas, we believe that adaptation of the technique to other sites will be favoured and thus enhance the rehabilitation of gully networks.".
- aggregation authorList BK283765.
- aggregation endPage "37".
- aggregation startPage "37".
- aggregation isDescribedBy 3834650.
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