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• 2001_EDSA_Revolution abstract "The 2001 EDSA Revolution, also known as EDSA II (pronounced "EHD-sa Dos"), was a four-day political protest from 17-20 January 2001 that peacefully overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the tenth President of the Philippines. Estrada was succeeded by his Vice-President, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who was sworn into office by then-Chief Justice Hilario Davide, Jr. at around noon on January 20, 2001, several hours before Estrada fled Malacañang Palace. EDSA is an acronym derived from Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, the major thoroughfare connecting five cities in Metro Manila, namely Pasay, Makati, Mandaluyong, Quezon City, and Caloocan, with the revolution's epicentre at the EDSA Shrine church at the northern tip of Ortigas Center, a business district.Advocates described EDSA II as "popular" but critics view the uprising as a conspiracy among political and business elites, military top brass and Catholic Cardinal Jaime Sin. International reaction to the revolt was mixed, with some foreign nations including the United States immediately recognising the legitimacy of Arroyo's presidency, and foreign commentators describing it as "a defeat for due process of law", "mob rule", and a "de facto coup".The only means of legitimizing the event was the last-minute Supreme Court ruling that "the welfare of the people is the supreme law." But by then, the Armed Forces of the Philippines had already withdrawn support for the president, which some analysts called unconstitutional, and most foreign political analysts agreeing with this assessment. William Overholt, a Hong Kong-based political economist said that "It is either being called mob rule or mob rule as a cover for a well-planned coup, ... but either way, it's not democracy." It should also be noted that opinion was divided during EDSA II about whether Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo as the incumbent Vice President should be President if Joseph Estrada was ousted; many groups who participated in EDSA II expressly stated that they did not want Arroyo for president either, and some of them would later participate in EDSA III. The prevailing Constitution of the Philippines calls for the Vice President of the Philippines, Arroyo at the time, to act as interim president only when the sitting President dies, resigns, or becomes incapacitated, none of which occurred during EDSA II.On October 4, 2000, Ilocos Sur Governor Luis "Chavit" Singson, a longtime friend of President Joseph Estrada, went public with accusations that Estrada, his family and friends received millions of pesos from operations of the illegal numbers game, jueteng.The exposé immediately ignited reactions of rage. The next day, Senate Minority Leader Teofisto Guingona, Jr. delivered a fiery privilege speech accusing Estrada of receiving P220 million in jueteng money from Governor Singson from November 1998 to August 2000, as well as taking P70 million on excise tax on cigarettes intended for Ilocos Sur. The privilege speech was referred by Senate President Franklin Drilon, to the Blue Ribbon Committee and the Committee on Justice for joint investigation. Another committee in the House of Representatives decided to investigate the exposé, while other house members spearheaded a move to impeach the president.More calls for resignation came from Manila Cardinal Archbishop Jaime Sin, the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines, former Presidents Corazon Aquino and Fidel Ramos, and Vice President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo (who had resigned her cabinet position of Secretary of the Department of Social Welfare and Development). Cardinal Sin stated in a statement "In the light of the scandals that besmirched the image of presidency, in the last two years, we stand by our conviction that he has lost the moral authority to govern." More resignations came from Estrada's cabinet and economic advisers, and other members of congress defected from his ruling party.On November 13, 2000, the House of Representatives led by Speaker Manuel Villar transmitted the Articles of Impeachment, signed by 115 representatives, to the Senate. This caused shakeups in the leadership of both houses of congress. The impeachment trial was formally opened on November 20, with twenty-one senators taking their oaths as judges, and Supreme Court Chief Justice Hilario Davide, Jr. presiding. The trial began on December 7.The day-to-day trial was covered on live Philippine television and received the highest viewing rating at the time. Among the highlights of the trial was the testimony of Clarissa Ocampo, senior vice president of Equitable PCI Bank, who testified that she was one foot away from Estrada when he signed the name "Jose Velarde" documents involving a P500 million investment agreement with their bank in February 2000.".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution thumbnail EDSAShrinejf0107_14.JPG?width=300.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wikiPageExternalLink philippines.estrada.02.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wikiPageExternalLink thestory.html.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wikiPageExternalLink 12-3-nyt.html.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wikiPageExternalLink 12-erap.html.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wikiPageID "1494771".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wikiPageRevisionID "600641491".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution caption "Hundreds of thousands protesters choke the EDSA-Ortigas Ave. intersection calling for the resignation of President Joseph Estrada.".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution date "--01-17".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution leadfigures "*President Joseph Estrada **Estrada loyalists".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution leadfigures "*Vice President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo **Armed Forces Chief of Staff Angelo Reyes **Protesters led by Archbishop of Manila Jaime Cardinal Sin".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution place Philippines.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution result "Estrada and his family leave Malacañan Palace; Arroyo became President".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution title "2001".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution title "EDSA Dos/EDSA II".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:2000s_coups_d'état_and_coup_attempts.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:2001_in_the_Philippines.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:21st-century_revolutions.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:Battles_and_conflicts_without_fatalities.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:History_of_Metro_Manila.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:History_of_the_Philippines.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:Nonviolent_revolutions.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:Protests_in_the_Philippines.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution subject Category:Rebellions_in_the_Philippines.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution comment "The 2001 EDSA Revolution, also known as EDSA II (pronounced "EHD-sa Dos"), was a four-day political protest from 17-20 January 2001 that peacefully overthrew the government of Joseph Estrada, the tenth President of the Philippines. Estrada was succeeded by his Vice-President, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who was sworn into office by then-Chief Justice Hilario Davide, Jr. at around noon on January 20, 2001, several hours before Estrada fled Malacañang Palace.".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution label "2001 EDSA Revolution".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution label "Вторая народная революция на Филиппинах".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution label "人民力量革命 (2001年)".
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution sameAs m.055tgg.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution sameAs Q1980316.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution sameAs Q1980316.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution wasDerivedFrom 2001_EDSA_Revolution?oldid=600641491.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution depiction EDSAShrinejf0107_14.JPG.
• 2001_EDSA_Revolution isPrimaryTopicOf 2001_EDSA_Revolution.