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- Abyssal_plain abstract "An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.Abyssal plains were not recognized as distinct physiographic features of the sea floor until the late 1940s and, until very recently, none had been studied on a systematic basis. They are poorly preserved in the sedimentary record, because they tend to be consumed by the subduction process. The creation of the abyssal plain is the end result of spreading of the seafloor (plate tectonics) and melting of the lower oceanic crust. Magma rises from above the asthenosphere (a layer of the upper mantle) and as this basaltic material reaches the surface at mid-ocean ridges it forms new oceanic crust. This is constantly pulled sideways by spreading of the seafloor. Abyssal plains result from the blanketing of an originally uneven surface of oceanic crust by fine-grained sediments, mainly clay and silt. Much of this sediment is deposited by turbidity currents that have been channelled from the continental margins along submarine canyons down into deeper water. The remainder of the sediment is composed chiefly of pelagic sediments. Metallic nodules are common in some areas of the plains, with varying concentrations of metals, including manganese, iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper. These nodules may provide a significant resource for future mining ventures.Owing in part to their vast size, abyssal plains are currently believed to be a major reservoir of biodiversity. The abyss also exerts significant influence upon ocean carbon cycling, dissolution of calcium carbonate, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations over timescales of 100–1000 years. The structure and function of abyssal ecosystems are strongly influenced by the rate of flux of food to the seafloor and the composition of the material that settles. Factors such as climate change, fishing practices, and ocean fertilization are expected to have a substantial effect on patterns of primary production in the euphotic zone. This will undoubtedly impact the flux of organic material to the abyss in a similar manner and thus have a profound effect on the structure, function and diversity of abyssal ecosystems.".
- Abyssal_plain thumbnail Oceanic_basin.svg?width=300.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink ?id=SsZR_zsqQWsC&printsec=frontcover&dq=%22Plate+Tectonics+and+Crustal+Evolution%22&q.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink book.pdf.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink doc878.html.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink Species-List.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink TechStudy3.pdf.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink bradya2.pdf.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink zt01866p539.pdf.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink www.sciencedaily.com.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink 091102171559.htm.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageExternalLink anchovy.pdf.
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageID "972800".
- Abyssal_plain wikiPageRevisionID "603653534".
- Abyssal_plain hasPhotoCollection Abyssal_plain.
- Abyssal_plain subject Category:Abyssal_plains.
- Abyssal_plain subject Category:Aquatic_ecology.
- Abyssal_plain subject Category:Coastal_and_oceanic_landforms.
- Abyssal_plain subject Category:Oceanography.
- Abyssal_plain subject Category:Physical_oceanography.
- Abyssal_plain point "-4.8 -12.366666666666667".
- Abyssal_plain type AbyssalPlains.
- Abyssal_plain type Land109334396.
- Abyssal_plain type Object100002684.
- Abyssal_plain type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Abyssal_plain type Plain109393605.
- Abyssal_plain type YagoGeoEntity.
- Abyssal_plain type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Abyssal_plain type SpatialThing.
- Abyssal_plain comment "An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3000 and 6000 m. Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth’s surface. They are among the flattest, smoothest and least explored regions on Earth. Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills).".
- Abyssal_plain label "Abyssal plain".
- Abyssal_plain label "Abyssale vlakte".
- Abyssal_plain label "Llanura abisal".
- Abyssal_plain label "Piana abissale".
- Abyssal_plain label "Plaine abyssale".
- Abyssal_plain label "Planície abissal".
- Abyssal_plain label "Równina abisalna".
- Abyssal_plain label "Абиссальная равнина".
- Abyssal_plain label "深海平原".
- Abyssal_plain label "深海平原".
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Abyssální_plošina.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Llanura_abisal.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Ordoki_abisal.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Plaine_abyssale.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Dataran_abisal.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Piana_abissale.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs 深海平原.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Abyssale_vlakte.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Równina_abisalna.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Planície_abissal.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs m.03vn71.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Q570554.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Q570554.
- Abyssal_plain sameAs Abyssal_plain.
- Abyssal_plain lat "-4.8".
- Abyssal_plain long "-12.366666666666667".
- Abyssal_plain wasDerivedFrom Abyssal_plain?oldid=603653534.
- Abyssal_plain depiction Oceanic_basin.svg.
- Abyssal_plain isPrimaryTopicOf Abyssal_plain.
