Data Portal @ linkeddatafragments.org

Matches in DBpedia 2014 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Antibiotic_resistance> ?p ?o. }

• Antibiotic_resistance abstract "Antibiotic resistance is a form of drug resistance whereby some (or, less commonly, all) sub-populations of a microorganism, usually a bacterial species, are able to survive after exposure to one or more antibiotics; pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics are considered multidrug resistant (MDR) or, more colloquially, superbugs.Antibiotic resistance is a serious and growing phenomenon in contemporary medicine and has emerged as one of the pre-eminent public health concerns of the 21st century, in particular as it pertains to pathogenic organisms (the term is especially relevant to organisms that cause disease in humans). A World Health Organization report released April 30, 2014 states, "this serious threat is no longer a prediction for the future, it is happening right now in every region of the world and has the potential to affect anyone, of any age, in any country. Antibiotic resistance–when bacteria change so antibiotics no longer work in people who need them to treat infections–is now a major threat to public health."In the simplest cases, drug-resistant organisms may have acquired resistance to first-line antibiotics, thereby necessitating the use of second-line agents. Typically, a first-line agent is selected on the basis of several factors including safety, availability, and cost; a second-line agent is usually broader in spectrum, has a less favourable risk-benefit profile, and is more expensive or, in dire circumstances, may be locally unavailable. In the case of some MDR pathogens, resistance to second- and even third-line antibiotics is, thus, sequentially acquired, a case quintessentially illustrated by Staphylococcus aureus in some nosocomial settings. Some pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, also possess a high level of intrinsic resistance.It may take the form of a spontaneous or induced genetic mutation, or the acquisition of resistance genes from other bacterial species by horizontal gene transfer via conjugation, transduction, or transformation. Many antibiotic resistance genes reside on transmissible plasmids, facilitating their transfer. Exposure to an antibiotic naturally selects for the survival of the organisms with the genes for resistance. In this way, a gene for antibiotic resistance may readily spread through an ecosystem of bacteria. Antibiotic-resistance plasmids frequently contain genes conferring resistance to several different antibiotics. This is not the case for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes Tuberculosis, since evidence is lacking for whether these bacteria have plasmids. Also M. tuberculosis lack the opportunity to interact with other bacteria in order to share plasmids.Genes for resistance to antibiotics, like the antibiotics themselves, are ancient. However, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections seen in clinical practice stems from antibiotic use both within human medicine and veterinary medicine. Any use of antibiotics can increase selective pressure in a population of bacteria to allow the resistant bacteria to thrive and the susceptible bacteria to die off. As resistance towards antibiotics becomes more common, a greater need for alternative treatments arises. However, despite a push for new antibiotic therapies, there has been a continued decline in the number of newly approved drugs. Antibiotic resistance therefore poses a significant problem.The growing prevalence and incidence of infections due to MDR pathogens is epitomised by the increasing number of familiar acronyms used to describe the causative agent and sometimes the infection; of these, MRSA is probably the most well-known, but others including VISA (vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus), VRSA (vancomycin-resistant S. aureus), ESBL (Extended spectrum beta-lactamase), VRE (Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus) and MRAB (Multidrug-resistant A. baumannii) are prominent examples. Nosocomial infections overwhelmingly dominate cases where MDR pathogens are implicated, but multidrug-resistant infections are also becoming increasingly common in the community.There were low levels of preexisting antibiotic-resistant bacteria before the widespread use of antibiotics, evolutionary pressure from their use has played a role in the development of multidrug-resistant varieties and the spread of resistance between bacterial species. In medicine, the major problem of the emergence of resistant bacteria is due to misuse and overuse of antibiotics. In some countries, antibiotics are sold over the counter without a prescription, which also leads to the creation of resistant strains. Other practices contributing to resistance include antibiotic use in livestock feed. Household use of antibacterials in soaps and other products, although not clearly contributing to resistance, is also discouraged (as not being effective at infection control). Unsound practices in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry can also contribute towards the likelihood of creating antibiotic-resistant strains. The procedures and clinical practice during the period of drug treatment are frequently flawed — usually no steps are taken to isolate the patient to prevent re-infection or infection by a new pathogen, negating the goal of complete destruction by the end of the course (see Healthcare-associated infections and Infection control).Certain antibiotic classes are highly associated with colonisation with "superbugs" compared to other antibiotic classes. A superbug, also called multiresistant, is a bacterium that carries several resistance genes. The risk for colonisation increases if there is a lack of susceptibility (resistance) of the superbugs to the antibiotic used and high tissue penetration, as well as broad-spectrum activity against "good bacteria". In the case of MRSA, increased rates of MRSA infections are seen with glycopeptides, cephalosporins, and especially quinolones. In the case of colonisation with Clostridium difficile, the high-risk antibiotics include cephalosporins and in particular quinolones and clindamycin.Of antibiotics used in the United States in 1997, half were used in humans and half in animals.".
• Antibiotic_resistance thumbnail Antibiotic_sensitvity_and_resistance.JPG?width=300.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink animation-of-antimicrobial-resistance.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink www.apua.org.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink www.bacteriophagetherapy.info.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink ar_mrsa_ca.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink ar_mrsa_spotlight_2006.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink mdroGuideline2006.pdf.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink Alternatives-to-antibodies.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink www.dobugsneeddrugs.org.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink home.php.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink www.extendingthecure.org.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink 288.once-necessary-undesirable.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink combating-drug-resistance.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink www.reactgroup.org.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink antibiotic-resistance.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink ?utm_campaign=newsletters&utm_source=newsletter-daily-all&utm_medium=email&utm_content=20130415.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink local_story_025195614.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink questions.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageExternalLink hospital_infections_mrsa.html.
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageID "1914".
• Antibiotic_resistance wikiPageRevisionID "606753555".
• Antibiotic_resistance hasPhotoCollection Antibiotic_resistance.
• Antibiotic_resistance subject Category:Antibiotic_resistance.
• Antibiotic_resistance subject Category:Antibiotics.
• Antibiotic_resistance subject Category:Evolutionary_biology.
• Antibiotic_resistance subject Category:Health_disasters.
• Antibiotic_resistance subject Category:Pharmaceuticals_policy.
• Antibiotic_resistance subject Category:Veterinary_medicine.
• Antibiotic_resistance type Abstraction100002137.
• Antibiotic_resistance type Calamity107314838.
• Antibiotic_resistance type Event100029378.
• Antibiotic_resistance type Happening107283608.
• Antibiotic_resistance type HealthDisasters.
• Antibiotic_resistance type Misfortune107304852.
• Antibiotic_resistance type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
• Antibiotic_resistance type Trouble107289014.
• Antibiotic_resistance type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Antibiotic_resistance comment "Antibiotic resistance is a form of drug resistance whereby some (or, less commonly, all) sub-populations of a microorganism, usually a bacterial species, are able to survive after exposure to one or more antibiotics; pathogens resistant to multiple antibiotics are considered multidrug resistant (MDR) or, more colloquially, superbugs.Antibiotic resistance is a serious and growing phenomenon in contemporary medicine and has emerged as one of the pre-eminent public health concerns of the 21st century, in particular as it pertains to pathogenic organisms (the term is especially relevant to organisms that cause disease in humans). ".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Antibiotic resistance".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Antibiotikaresistenz".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Oporność na antybiotyki".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Resistencia a antibióticos".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Resistentie tegen antibiotica".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Resistenza agli antibiotici".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Resistência antibiótica".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Résistance aux antibiotiques".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "Устойчивость к антибиотикам".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "مقاومة المضادات الحيوية".
• Antibiotic_resistance label "抗生素抗藥性".
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Antibiotická_rezistence.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Antibiotikaresistenz.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Resistencia_a_antibióticos.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Antibiotikoekiko_erresistentzia.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Résistance_aux_antibiotiques.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Resistansi_antibiotik.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Resistenza_agli_antibiotici.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs 항생제_내성.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Resistentie_tegen_antibiotica.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Oporność_na_antybiotyki.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Resistência_antibiótica.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs m.0v5b.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Q380775.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Q380775.
• Antibiotic_resistance sameAs Antibiotic_resistance.
• Antibiotic_resistance wasDerivedFrom Antibiotic_resistance?oldid=606753555.
• Antibiotic_resistance depiction Antibiotic_sensitvity_and_resistance.JPG.
• Antibiotic_resistance isPrimaryTopicOf Antibiotic_resistance.