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- Aragonese_Crusade abstract "The Aragonese Crusade or Crusade of Aragon, a part of the larger War of the Sicilian Vespers, was declared by Pope Martin IV against the King of Aragon, Peter III the Great, in 1284 and 1285. Because of the recent conquest of Sicily by Peter, the Pope declared a crusade against him and officially deposed him as king, on the grounds that Sicily was a papal fief: Peter's grandfather and namesake, Peter II, had surrendered the kingdom as a fief to the Holy See. Martin bestowed it on Charles, Count of Valois, son of the French king, Philip III, and nephew of Peter III. The conflict quickly became a kind of civil war, as Peter's brother, King James II of Majorca, joined the French. James had also inherited the County of Roussillon and thus stood between the dominions of the French and Aragonese monarchs. Peter had opposed James' inheritance as a younger son and reaped the consequence of such rivalry in the crusade. In 1284, the first French armies under Philip and Charles entered Roussillon. They included 16,000 cavalry, 17,000 crossbowmen, and 100,000 infantry, along with 100 ships in south French ports. Though they had James' support, the local populace rose against them. The city of Elne was valiantly defended by the so-called Bâtard de Roussillon (Bastard of Roussillon), the illegitimate son of Nuño Sánchez, late count of Roussillon (1212–1242). Eventually he was overcome and the cathedral was burnt, despite the presence of papal legates, while the population was massacred, all save the Bâtard. He succeeded in negotiating his surrender and accompanied the advancing royal forces as a prisoner. In 1285, Philip the Bold entrenched himself before Girona in an attempt to besiege it. The resistance was strong, but the city was taken. Charles was crowned there, but without an actual crown. On 28 April, Cardinal Jean Cholet placed his own hat on the count's head. For this, Charles was derisively but not unaffectionately nicknamed roi du chapeau ("king of the hat"). The French soon experienced a reversal, however, at the hands of Peter III's admiral, Roger de Lauria. The French fleet was defeated and destroyed at the Battle of Les Formigues. As well, the French camp was hit hard by an epidemic of dysentery. Philip himself was afflicted. The heir to the French throne, Philip, opened negotiations with Peter for free passage for the royal family through the Pyrenees. But the troops were not offered such passage and were decimated at the Battle of the Col de Panissars. The king of France himself died at Perpignan, the capital of James of Majorca, and was buried in Narbonne. Peter did not long survive him. Historian H. J. Chaytor described the Aragonese Crusade as "perhaps the most unjust, unnecessary and calamitous enterprise ever undertaken by the Capetian monarchy." W. C. Jordan has blamed it for the attitude the young Philip took towards papal interference in French foreign policy upon his succession: a view with long-reaching consequences for Europe. The crusade's legacy to France was slight, but Majorca was devastated as an independent polity. Peter's son Alfonso III annexed Majorca, Ibiza, and Minorca in the following years. In 1295, the Treaty of Anagni returned the islands to James and the Treaty of Tarascon of 1291 officially restored Aragon to Alfonso and lifted the ban of the church.".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15px Crown of Aragon".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15px Kingdom of France".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15px Kingdom of Mallorca".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15px Kingdom of Navarra".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15px Republic of Genoa".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15px Roussillon".
- Aragonese_Crusade commander Charles,_Count_of_Valois.
- Aragonese_Crusade commander James_II_of_Majorca.
- Aragonese_Crusade commander Peter_III_of_Aragon.
- Aragonese_Crusade commander Philip_III_of_France.
- Aragonese_Crusade commander Roger_of_Lauria.
- Aragonese_Crusade isPartOfMilitaryConflict Crusades.
- Aragonese_Crusade isPartOfMilitaryConflict War_of_the_Sicilian_Vespers.
- Aragonese_Crusade place Catalonia.
- Aragonese_Crusade place Spain.
- Aragonese_Crusade result "Aragonese victory".
- Aragonese_Crusade thumbnail Setge-girona-1285.jpg?width=300.
- Aragonese_Crusade wikiPageExternalLink achistory.htm.
- Aragonese_Crusade wikiPageID "5124896".
- Aragonese_Crusade wikiPageRevisionID "562096115".
- Aragonese_Crusade caption "A fresco from the Castle of Cardona depicting the Siege of Girona in 1285; now preserved in the Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya".
- Aragonese_Crusade combatant "15".
- Aragonese_Crusade commander "15".
- Aragonese_Crusade conflict "Aragonese Crusade".
- Aragonese_Crusade date "1284".
- Aragonese_Crusade hasPhotoCollection Aragonese_Crusade.
- Aragonese_Crusade partof "the Crusades and the War of the Sicilian Vespers".
- Aragonese_Crusade place Catalonia.
- Aragonese_Crusade place Spain.
- Aragonese_Crusade result "Aragonese victory".
- Aragonese_Crusade subject Category:13th_century_in_Spain.
- Aragonese_Crusade subject Category:Aragonese_Crusade.
- Aragonese_Crusade subject Category:Medieval_Catalan_and_Occitan_history.
- Aragonese_Crusade subject Category:Medieval_France.
- Aragonese_Crusade subject Category:Military_history_of_Catalonia.
- Aragonese_Crusade type Event.
- Aragonese_Crusade type MilitaryConflict.
- Aragonese_Crusade type SocietalEvent.
- Aragonese_Crusade type Event.
- Aragonese_Crusade type Event.
- Aragonese_Crusade type Thing.
- Aragonese_Crusade comment "The Aragonese Crusade or Crusade of Aragon, a part of the larger War of the Sicilian Vespers, was declared by Pope Martin IV against the King of Aragon, Peter III the Great, in 1284 and 1285. Because of the recent conquest of Sicily by Peter, the Pope declared a crusade against him and officially deposed him as king, on the grounds that Sicily was a papal fief: Peter's grandfather and namesake, Peter II, had surrendered the kingdom as a fief to the Holy See.".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Aragonese Crusade".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Aragonese Kruistocht".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Aragonesischer Kreuzzug".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Croisade d'Aragon".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Cruzada contra la Corona de Aragón".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Krucjata aragońska".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "Арагонский крестовый поход".
- Aragonese_Crusade label "阿拉貢十字軍".
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Aragonesischer_Kreuzzug.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Σταυροφορία_της_Αραγωνίας.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Cruzada_contra_la_Corona_de_Aragón.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Aragoiar_Gurutzada.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Croisade_d'Aragon.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Aragonese_Kruistocht.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Krucjata_aragońska.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs m.0d3tvr.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Q625133.
- Aragonese_Crusade sameAs Q625133.
- Aragonese_Crusade wasDerivedFrom Aragonese_Crusade?oldid=562096115.
- Aragonese_Crusade depiction Setge-girona-1285.jpg.
- Aragonese_Crusade isPrimaryTopicOf Aragonese_Crusade.
- Aragonese_Crusade name "Aragonese Crusade".