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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication abstract "Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an umbrella term that encompasses the communication methods used to supplement or replace speech or writing for those with impairments in the production or comprehension of spoken or written language. AAC is used by those with a wide range of speech and language impairments, including congenital impairments such as cerebral palsy, intellectual impairment and autism, and acquired conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. AAC can be a permanent addition to a person's communication or a temporary aid. Modern use of AAC began in the 1950s with systems for those who had lost the ability to speak following surgical procedures. During the 1960s and 1970s, spurred by an increasing commitment in the West towards the inclusion of disabled individuals in mainstream society and developing the skills required for independence, the use of manual sign language and then graphic symbol communication grew greatly. It was not until the 1980s that AAC began to emerge as a field in its own right. Rapid progress in technology, including microcomputers and speech synthesis, have paved the way for communication devices with speech output and multiple options for access to communication for those with physical disabilities.AAC systems are diverse: unaided communication uses no equipment and includes signing and body language, while aided approaches use external tools and range from pictures and communication boards to speech generating devices. The symbols used in AAC include gestures, photographs, pictures, line drawings, letters and words, which can be used alone or in combination. Body parts, pointers, adapted mice, or eye tracking can be used to select target symbols directly, and switch access scanning is often used for indirect selection. Message generation is generally much slower than spoken communication, and as a result rate enhancement techniques may be used to reduce the number of selections required. These techniques include "prediction", in which the user is offered guesses of the word/phrase being composed, and "encoding", in which longer messages are retrieved using a prestored code.The evaluation of a user's abilities and requirements for AAC will include the individual's motor, visual, cognitive, language and communication strengths and weaknesses. The evaluation requires the input of family members, particularly for early intervention. Respecting ethnicity and family beliefs are key to a family-centered and ethnically competent approach. Studies show that AAC use does not impede the development of speech, and may result in a modest increase in speech production. Users who have grown up with AAC report satisfying relationships and life activities; however, they may have poor literacy and are unlikely to be in employment.The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities defines augmentative and alternative communication one of communications as well as display of text, large-print, tactile communication, plain language, accessible multimedia and accessible information and communications technology.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication thumbnail AAC_user_using_eye_gaze.JPG?width=300.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink aac-rerc.com.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink finding_my_own_voice.html.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink aac.17.3.179.195.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink RERC%20on%20Communication%20Enhancement%20eNews_%20What%20are%20visual%20scene%20displays.pdf.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink Looking-Through-Color-Lenses.aspx.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink 1994-35341-001.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink 2001-17960-006.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink www.aacinstitute.org.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink RickCreech.html.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink AAC.htm.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink Augmentative-Communication-in-Practice.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink www.communicationmatters.org.uk.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink factors-in-uencing-ratings-of-speech-naturalness-in-augmentative-and-alternative-communication.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink memory-aids-as-an-augmentative-and-alternative-communication-strategy-for-nursing-home-residents-with-dementia.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink vanderheiden.html.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink www.resna.org.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink aac.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication wikiPageExternalLink www.ussaac.org.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication align "left".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication alt "A table of four rows and five column. It has a printed word and a icon in each cell.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication alt "an electronic device about 20cm across, has a touchscreen showing communication symbols but no keyboard.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication caption "This communication board, showing a food category, is a low-tech AAC aid.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication caption "This speech generating device, showing available categories in a grid layout, is a high-tech AAC aid.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication direction "vertical".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication hasPhotoCollection Augmentative_and_alternative_communication.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication image "Sample page from AAC communication book.png".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication image "minimo.jpg".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication quote ""Knowing that most of y'all do not know the HandiVoice, I will describe it...It was operated with a numeric keyboard...Each word, or sentence, or phrase, or phoneme was stored and accessed by a three digit code, for example, "hello" was 010...It took three codes to say "Rick", that was nine numbers. Now if you think that's bad, let's go for the simple sentence, "Hello, this is Rick Creech speaking." This would have taken fifteen 3 digit codes, for a total of forty-five numbers. Looking back, I am not surprised that very few professionals thought a person could successfully use the HandiVoice 120. But I did. I did, because being able to communicate with people was so empowering to me."".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication quote "I stiffened my body and put my left foot out again, for the third time. I drew one side of the letter. I drew half the other side... I set my teeth so hard that I nearly pierced my lower lip. But – I drew it – the letter 'A'... Shaky, with awkward, wobbly sides and a very uneven centre line... I had done it! I had started – the thing that was to give my mind its chance of expressing itself. True, I couldn't speak with my lips, but now I would speak through something more lasting than spoken words – written words. That one letter, scrawled on the floor with a broken bit of yellow chalk gripped between my toes, was my road to a new world, my key to mental freedom.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication source "1.57788E8".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication source "Rick Creech describes the HandiVoice 120 speech generating device, which he received in 1977.".
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication width "25.0".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication subject Category:Augmentative_and_alternative_communication.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication subject Category:Speech_and_language_pathology.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication comment "Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) is an umbrella term that encompasses the communication methods used to supplement or replace speech or writing for those with impairments in the production or comprehension of spoken or written language.".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication label "Alternatywne i wspomagające metody komunikacji".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication label "Augmentative and alternative communication".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication label "Communication améliorée et alternative".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication label "Comunicación alternativa y aumentativa".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication label "Unterstützte Kommunikation".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication label "重度障害者用意思伝達装置".
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Unterstützte_Kommunikation.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Comunicación_alternativa_y_aumentativa.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Komunikazio_handigarria_eta_alternatiboa.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Communication_améliorée_et_alternative.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs 重度障害者用意思伝達装置.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Alternatywne_i_wspomagające_metody_komunikacji.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs m.06mkbx.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Q1234396.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication sameAs Q1234396.
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• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication depiction AAC_user_using_eye_gaze.JPG.
• Augmentative_and_alternative_communication isPrimaryTopicOf Augmentative_and_alternative_communication.