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- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking abstract "Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS, BOP, BOF, and OSM), also known as Linz-Donawitz-Verfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbon-rich molten pig iron is made into steel. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into low-carbon steel. The process is known as basic due to the type of refractories—calcium oxide and magnesium oxide—that line the vessel to withstand the high temperature of the molten metal.The process was developed in 1948 by Robert Durrer and commercialized in 1952–1953 by Austrian VOEST and ÖAMG. The LD converter, named after the Austrian towns Linz and Donawitz (a district of Leoben) is a refined version of the Bessemer converter where blowing of air is replaced with blowing oxygen. It reduced capital cost of the plants, time of smelting, and increased labor productivity. Between 1920 and 2000, labor requirements in the industry decreased by a factor of 1,000, from more than 3 worker-hours per tonne to just 0.003. The vast majority of steel manufactured in the world is produced using the basic oxygen furnace; in 2000, it accounted for 60% of global steel output. Modern furnaces will take a charge of iron of up to 350 tons and convert it into steel in less than 40 minutes, compared to 10–12 hours in an open hearth furnace.".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking thumbnail ThyssenKrupp_Duisburg_016.jpg?width=300.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageExternalLink books?id=2Xj1qt1daHAC.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageExternalLink books?id=pKlWyYA26GMC.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageExternalLink books?id=tl23A0mCPLUC.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageExternalLink steel_cost_bof.html.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageExternalLink default.asp?catid=24&pageid=2081272110.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageID "945488".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wikiPageRevisionID "603979834".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking hasPhotoCollection Basic_oxygen_steelmaking.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking subject Category:Industrial_processes.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking subject Category:Metallurgy.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking subject Category:Steelmaking.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking type IndustrialProcess113497928.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking type IndustrialProcesses.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking type Process100029677.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking comment "Basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS, BOP, BOF, and OSM), also known as Linz-Donawitz-Verfahren steelmaking or the oxygen converter process is a method of primary steelmaking in which carbon-rich molten pig iron is made into steel. Blowing oxygen through molten pig iron lowers the carbon content of the alloy and changes it into low-carbon steel.".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "Basic oxygen steelmaking".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "Linz-Donawitz-Verfahren".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "Oxystaal".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "Processo LD".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "Processo de Linz-Donawitz".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "Конвертерное производство".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking label "転炉".
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Linz-Donawitz-Verfahren.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Processo_LD.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs 転炉.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Oxystaal.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Processo_de_Linz-Donawitz.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs m.03s797.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Q1501437.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Q1501437.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking sameAs Basic_oxygen_steelmaking.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking wasDerivedFrom Basic_oxygen_steelmaking?oldid=603979834.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking depiction ThyssenKrupp_Duisburg_016.jpg.
- Basic_oxygen_steelmaking isPrimaryTopicOf Basic_oxygen_steelmaking.
