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• Battles_of_Saratoga abstract "The Battles of Saratoga (September 19 and October 7, 1777) marked the climax of the Saratoga campaign giving a decisive victory to the Americans over the British in the American Revolutionary War. British General John Burgoyne led a large invasion army down from Canada; he was surrounded by American forces in upstate New York. Burgoyne fought two small battles to break out. They took place eighteen days apart on the same ground, 9 miles (14 km) south of Saratoga, New York. They both failed. Trapped by superior American forces, with no relief in sight, Burgoyne surrendered his entire army on October 17. His surrender, says historian Edmund Morgan, "was a great turning point of the war, because it won for Americans the foreign assistance which was the last element needed for victory.Burgoyne's strategy to divide New England from the southern colonies had started well, but slowed due to logistical problems. He won a small tactical victory over General Horatio Gates and the Continental Army in the September 19 Battle of Freeman's Farm at the cost of significant casualties. His gains were erased when he again attacked the Americans in the October 7 Battle of Bemis Heights and the Americans captured a portion of the British defenses. Burgoyne was therefore compelled to retreat, and his army was surrounded by the much larger American force at Saratoga, forcing him to surrender on October 17. News of Burgoyne's surrender was instrumental in formally bringing France into the war as an American ally, although it had previously given supplies, ammunition and guns, notably the de Valliere cannon, which played an important role in Saratoga. This battle also resulted in Spain joining France in the war against Britain.The first battle, on September 19, began when Burgoyne moved some of his troops in an attempt to flank the entrenched American position on Bemis Heights. Benedict Arnold, anticipating the maneuver, placed significant forces in his way. While Burgoyne did gain control of Freeman's Farm, it came at the cost of significant casualties. Skirmishing continued in the days following the battle, while Burgoyne waited in the hope that reinforcements would arrive from New York City. Militia forces continued to arrive, swelling the size of the American army. Disputes within the American camp led Gates to strip Arnold of his command.British General Sir Henry Clinton, moving up from New York City, attempted to divert American attention by capturing two forts in the Hudson River highlands on October 6, His efforts were too late to help Burgoyne. Burgoyne attacked Bemis Heights again on October 7 after it became apparent he would not receive relieving aid in time. In heavy fighting, marked by Arnold's spirited rallying of the American troops, Burgoyne's forces were thrown back to the positions they held before the September 19 battle and the Americans captured a portion of the entrenched British defenses.".
• Battles_of_Saratoga causalties "240 wounded".
• Battles_of_Saratoga causalties "90 killed".
• Battles_of_Saratoga combatant "* Hesse-Hanau".
• Battles_of_Saratoga combatant "*15px Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel".
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Benedict_Arnold.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Benjamin_Lincoln.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Daniel_Morgan.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Ebenezer_Learned.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Enoch_Poor.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Friedrich_Adolf_Riedesel.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Horatio_Gates.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander John_Burgoyne.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Simon_Fraser_of_Balnain.
• Battles_of_Saratoga date "1777-10-07".
• Battles_of_Saratoga isPartOfMilitaryConflict American_Revolutionary_War.
• Battles_of_Saratoga place Saratoga_County,_New_York.
• Battles_of_Saratoga place Stillwater,_New_York.
• Battles_of_Saratoga result "British surrender October 17".
• Battles_of_Saratoga result "First battle: Pyrrhic British victory".
• Battles_of_Saratoga result "Second battle: Decisive American victory".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "6,600 (second battle)".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "7,200 (first battle)".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "9,000 (first battle)".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "over 12,000 (second battle)".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "over 15,000 (at time of surrender)".
• Battles_of_Saratoga thumbnail Surrender_of_General_Burgoyne.jpg?width=300.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink battle-saratoga.htm.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink Hessian.html.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink brunswick.html.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink 3413.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink battle-freemans-farm.htm.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink battle_of_bemis_heights.html.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink 93saratoga.htm.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink popup_arnoldsleg.html.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink namesofh_gb.html.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink saratogaticonderoga-the-turning-point.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageExternalLink battle-of-saratoga-1777.htm.
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageID "67425".
• Battles_of_Saratoga wikiPageRevisionID "603449184".
• Battles_of_Saratoga campaignbox "Saratoga campaign".
• Battles_of_Saratoga caption "Surrender of General Burgoyne by John Trumbull, 1822; This painting hangs in the United States Capitol Rotunda.".
• Battles_of_Saratoga casualties "240".
• Battles_of_Saratoga casualties "440".
• Battles_of_Saratoga casualties "6222".
• Battles_of_Saratoga casualties "695".
• Battles_of_Saratoga casualties "90".
• Battles_of_Saratoga combatant "*15px Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel * Hesse-Hanau".
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Benedict_Arnold.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Benjamin_Lincoln.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Daniel_Morgan.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Ebenezer_Learned.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Enoch_Poor.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Friedrich_Adolf_Riedesel.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander Horatio_Gates.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander John_Burgoyne.
• Battles_of_Saratoga commander "Simon Fraser".
• Battles_of_Saratoga conflict "Battles of Saratoga".
• Battles_of_Saratoga date "--09-19".
• Battles_of_Saratoga expiry "2014-10-07".
• Battles_of_Saratoga hasPhotoCollection Battles_of_Saratoga.
• Battles_of_Saratoga partof "the American Revolutionary War".
• Battles_of_Saratoga place Saratoga_County,_New_York.
• Battles_of_Saratoga place Stillwater,_New_York.
• Battles_of_Saratoga result "--10-17".
• Battles_of_Saratoga result "First battle: Pyrrhic British victory".
• Battles_of_Saratoga result "Second battle: Decisive American victory".
• Battles_of_Saratoga small "yes".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "6600".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "7200".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "9000".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "over 12,000".
• Battles_of_Saratoga strength "over 15,000".
• Battles_of_Saratoga wordnet_type synset-war-noun-1.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:1777_in_New_York.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:1777_in_the_United_States.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:Battles_involving_Great_Britain.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:Battles_involving_the_United_States.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:Battles_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:Conflicts_in_1777.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:New_York_in_the_American_Revolution.
• Battles_of_Saratoga subject Category:Saratoga_County,_New_York.
• Battles_of_Saratoga point "42.99888888888889 -73.6375".
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Abstraction100002137.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Act100030358.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Battle100953559.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type BattlesInvolvingGreatBritain.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type BattlesInvolvingTheUnitedStates.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type BattlesOfTheAmericanRevolutionaryWar.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Conflict100958896.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type ConflictsIn1777.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Event100029378.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type GroupAction101080366.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type MilitaryAction100952963.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Event.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type MilitaryConflict.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type SocietalEvent.
• Battles_of_Saratoga type Event.

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