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• Canonical_quantum_gravity abstract "In physics, canonical quantum gravity is an attempt to quantize the canonical formulation of general relativity (or canonical gravity). It is a Hamiltonian formulation of Einstein's general theory of relativity. The basic theory was outlined by Bryce DeWitt in a seminal 1967 paper, and based on earlier work by Peter G. Bergmann using the so-called canonical quantization techniques for constrained Hamiltonian systems invented by Paul Dirac. Dirac's approach allows the quantization of systems that include gauge symmetries using Hamiltonian techniques in a fixed gauge choice. Newer approaches based in part on the work of DeWitt and Dirac include the Hartle–Hawking state, Regge calculus, the Wheeler–DeWitt equation and loop quantum gravity.The quantization is based on decomposing the metric tensor as follows, where the summation over repeated indices is implied, the index 0 denotes time , Greek indices run over all values 0, . . ., ,3 and Latin indices run over spatial values 1, . . ., 3. The function is called the lapse function and the functions are called the shift functions. The spatial indices are raised and lowered using the spatial metric and its inverse and , , where is the Kronecker delta. Under this decomposition the Einstein–Hilbert Lagrangian becomes, up to total derivatives, where is the spatial scalar curvature computed with respect to the Riemannian metric and is the extrinsic curvature,where denotes Lie-differentiation, is the unit normal to surfaces of constant and denotes covariant differentiation with respect to the metric . Note that . DeWitt writes that the Lagrangian "has the classic form 'kinetic energy minus potential energy,' with the extrinsic curvature playing the role of kinetic energy and the negative of the intrinsic curvature that of potential energy." While this form of the Lagrangian is manifestly invariant under redefinition of the spatial coordinates, it makes general covariance opaque.Since the lapse function and shift functions may be eliminated by a gauge transformation, they do not represent physical degrees of freedom. This is indicated in moving to the Hamiltonian formalism by the fact that their conjugate momenta, respectively and , vanish identically (on shell and off shell). These are called primary constraints by Dirac. A popular choice of gauge, called synchronous gauge, is and , although they can, in principle, be chosen to be any function of the coordinates. In this case, the Hamiltonian takes the formwhereand is the momentum conjugate to . Einstein's equations may be recovered by taking Poisson brackets with the Hamiltonian. Additional on-shell constraints, called secondary constraints by Dirac, arise from the consistency of the Poisson bracket algebra. These are and . This is the theory which is being quantized in approaches to canonical quantum gravity.All canonical theories of general relativity have to deal with the problem of time. In short, in general relativity, time is just another coordinate as a result of general covariance. In quantum field theories, especially in the Hamiltonian formulation, the formulation is split between three dimensions of space, and one dimension of time.".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity wikiPageID "3936576".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity wikiPageRevisionID "548611704".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity hasPhotoCollection Canonical_quantum_gravity.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity subject Category:Mathematical_methods_in_general_relativity.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity subject Category:Physics_beyond_the_Standard_Model.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity subject Category:Quantum_gravity.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type Ability105616246.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type Abstraction100002137.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type Cognition100023271.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type Know-how105616786.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type MathematicalMethodsInGeneralRelativity.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type Method105660268.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity comment "In physics, canonical quantum gravity is an attempt to quantize the canonical formulation of general relativity (or canonical gravity). It is a Hamiltonian formulation of Einstein's general theory of relativity. The basic theory was outlined by Bryce DeWitt in a seminal 1967 paper, and based on earlier work by Peter G. Bergmann using the so-called canonical quantization techniques for constrained Hamiltonian systems invented by Paul Dirac.".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity label "Canonical quantum gravity".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity label "Gravedad cuántica canónica".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity label "Gravidade quântica canônica".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity label "Каноническая квантовая гравитация".
• Canonical_quantum_gravity sameAs Gravedad_cuántica_canónica.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity sameAs Gravidade_quântica_canônica.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity sameAs m.0b7lyj.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity sameAs Q2067074.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity sameAs Q2067074.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity sameAs Canonical_quantum_gravity.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity wasDerivedFrom Canonical_quantum_gravity?oldid=548611704.
• Canonical_quantum_gravity isPrimaryTopicOf Canonical_quantum_gravity.