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- Catherine_the_Great abstract "Yekaterina Alexeevna or Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great (Russian: Екатерина II Великая, Yekaterina II Velikaya; German: Katharina die Große; 2 May [O.S. 21 April] 1729 – 17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796), was the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from 9 July [O.S. 28 June] 1762 until her death in 1796 at the age of sixty-seven. Her reign was called Russia's golden age. She was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg, and came to power following a coup d'état and the assassination of her husband, Peter III, at the end of the Seven Years' War. Russia was revitalized under her reign, growing larger and stronger than ever and becoming recognized as one of the great powers of Europe.In both her accession to power and in rule of her empire, Catherine often relied on her noble favourites, most notably Grigory Orlov and Grigory Potemkin. Assisted by highly successful generals such as Pyotr Rumyantsev and Alexander Suvorov, and admirals such as Fyodor Ushakov, she governed at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding rapidly by conquest and diplomacy. In the south, the Crimean Khanate was crushed following victories over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish wars, and Russia colonised the vast territories of Novorossiya along the coasts of the Black and Azov Seas. In the west, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ruled by Catherine's former lover, king Stanisław August Poniatowski, was eventually partitioned, with the Russian Empire gaining the largest share. In the east, Russia started to colonise Alaska, establishing Russian America.Catherine reformed the administration of Russian guberniyas, and many new cities and towns were founded on her orders. An admirer of Peter the Great, Catherine continued to modernise Russia along Western European lines. However, military conscription and economy continued to depend on serfdom, and the increasing demands of the state and private landowners led to increased levels of reliance on serfs. This was one of the chief reasons behind several rebellions, including the large-scale Pugachev's Rebellion of cossacks and peasants.The period of Catherine the Great's rule, the Catherinian Era, is often considered the Golden Age of the Russian Empire and the Russian nobility. The Manifesto on Freedom of the Nobility, issued during the short reign of Peter III and confirmed by Catherine, freed Russian nobles from compulsory military or state service. Construction of many mansions of the nobility, in the classical style endorsed by the Empress, changed the face of the country. A notable example of enlightened despot, a correspondent of Voltaire and an amateur opera librettist, Catherine presided over the age of the Russian Enlightenment, when the Smolny Institute, the first state-financed higher education institution for women in Europe, was established.".
- Catherine_the_Great activeYearsEndYear "1796".
- Catherine_the_Great activeYearsStartYear "1762".
- Catherine_the_Great alias "Frederica, Sophie Augusta; Catherine II of Russia; von Anhalt-Zerbst, Sophie Friederike Auguste".
- Catherine_the_Great birthDate "1729-05-02".
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Kingdom_of_Prussia.
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Pomerania.
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Szczecin.
- Catherine_the_Great birthYear "1729".
- Catherine_the_Great deathDate "1796-11-17".
- Catherine_the_Great deathPlace Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great deathPlace Saint_Petersburg.
- Catherine_the_Great deathYear "1796".
- Catherine_the_Great lccnId "n/80/046091".
- Catherine_the_Great parent Christian_August,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Zerbst.
- Catherine_the_Great parent Joanna_Elisabeth_of_Holstein-Gottorp.
- Catherine_the_Great predecessor Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great spouse Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great successor Paul_I_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great thumbnail Rokotov_Portrait_Catherine_II.jpg?width=300.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink histmyths1.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink manifest.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink CGREAT.HTM.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink 10069.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink book4351.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink book4358.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink ekat2.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink Age%20of%20Absol%20-%20Enlightend%20Despots.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink catherinegreat.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink russ1790.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink Catherine.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink Catherine-II-the-Great-Russia.biog.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink love-and-conquest.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink 18catherine.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink imperatrica_ekaterina_ii.html.
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- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageID "44240".
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageRevisionID "606368102".
- Catherine_the_Great alternativeNames "Frederica, Sophie Augusta; Catherine II of Russia; von Anhalt-Zerbst, Sophie Friederike Auguste".
- Catherine_the_Great birthDate "--05-02".
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Kingdom_of_Prussia.
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Pomerania.
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Szczecin.
- Catherine_the_Great burialPlace "Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg".
- Catherine_the_Great caption "Catherine II by Fyodor Rokotov".
- Catherine_the_Great corType Coronation_of_the_Russian_monarch.
- Catherine_the_Great coronation "1762-09-12".
- Catherine_the_Great date "20040327234320".
- Catherine_the_Great dateOfBirth "1729-05-02".
- Catherine_the_Great dateOfDeath "1796-11-17".
- Catherine_the_Great deathDate "1796-11-17".
- Catherine_the_Great deathPlace "Saint Petersburg, Russia".
- Catherine_the_Great father Christian_August,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Zerbst.
- Catherine_the_Great fullName "Sophie Friederike Auguste".
- Catherine_the_Great hasPhotoCollection Catherine_the_Great.
- Catherine_the_Great house "House of RomanovHouse of Ascania".
- Catherine_the_Great issue Paul_I_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great issueLink "#Issue".
- Catherine_the_Great issuePipe "3".
- Catherine_the_Great mother Joanna_Elisabeth_of_Holstein-Gottorp.
- Catherine_the_Great name "Catherine the Great".
- Catherine_the_Great placeOfBirth Szczecin.
- Catherine_the_Great placeOfDeath Saint_Petersburg.
- Catherine_the_Great predecessor Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great reign "--07-09".
- Catherine_the_Great reign "--12-25".
- Catherine_the_Great reignType "Tenure".
- Catherine_the_Great religion "Lutheranism, then Russian Orthodox".
- Catherine_the_Great shortDescription "Empress of Russia".
- Catherine_the_Great signature "Catherine The Great Signature.svg".
- Catherine_the_Great spouse Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great succession List_of_Russian_consorts.
- Catherine_the_Great succession List_of_Russian_rulers.
- Catherine_the_Great successor Paul_I_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great title List_of_Russian_consorts.
- Catherine_the_Great title List_of_Russian_rulers.
- Catherine_the_Great title "Manifesto of the Empress Catherine II, inviting foreign immigration".
- Catherine_the_Great url manifest.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great years "--07-09".
- Catherine_the_Great years "--12-25".
- Catherine_the_Great description "Empress of Russia".
- Catherine_the_Great description "Empress of Russia".
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:1729_births.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:1796_deaths.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:18th-century_female_rulers.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:18th-century_monarchs_in_Europe.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Burials_at_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Cardiovascular_disease_deaths_in_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Catherine_the_Great.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Converts_to_Eastern_Orthodoxy_from_Protestantism.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Deaths_from_stroke.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Duchesses_of_Holstein-Gottorp.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Eastern_Orthodox_Christians_from_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Empresses_regnant.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:House_of_Ascania.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:House_of_Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Orthodox_monarchs.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:People_from_Szczecin.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Recipients_of_the_Order_of_St._Andrew.
- Catherine_the_Great subject Category:Recipients_of_the_Order_of_St._George_of_the_First_Degree.