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- Cluster_root abstract "Proteoid roots, also known as cluster roots, are plant roots that form clusters of closely spaced short lateral rootlets. They may form a two- to five-centimetre-thick mat just beneath the leaf litter. They enhance nutrient uptake, possibly by chemically modifying the soil environment to improve nutrient solubilisation. As a result, plants with proteoid roots can grow in soil that is very low in nutrients, such as the phosphorus-deficient native soils of Australia.They were first described by Adolf Engler in 1894, after he discovered them on plants of the family Proteaceae growing in Leipzig Botanic Gardens. In 1960, Helen Purnell examined 44 species from ten Proteaceae genera, finding proteoid roots in every genus except Persoonia; she then coined the name "proteoid roots" in reference to the plant family in which it was known to occur. Proteoid roots are now known to occur in 27 different Proteaceae genera, plus around 30 species from other families, including Betulaceae, Casuarinaceae, Eleagnaceae, Leguminosae, Moraceae and Myricaceae. Similar structures also occur in species of Cyperaceae and Restionaceae, but their physiology is yet to be studied.Two forms are recognised: simple cluster roots form rootlets only along a root; compound cluster roots form the primary rootlets, and also form secondary rootlets on the primary rootlets.Some Proteaceae, such as Banksia and Grevillea, are valued by the horticulture and floriculture industries. In cultivation, only slow-release low-phosphorus fertilizers should be used, as higher levels cause phosphorus toxicity and sometimes iron deficiency, leading to plant death. Crop management should minimise root disturbance, and weed control should be via slashing or contact herbicides.Many plants with proteoid roots have economic value. Cultivated crops with proteoid roots include Lupinus and Macadamia.".
- Cluster_root thumbnail Leucospermum_cordifolium_proteoid_roots_290805.jpg?width=300.
- Cluster_root wikiPageExternalLink 693.
- Cluster_root wikiPageExternalLink fulltext.pdf.
- Cluster_root wikiPageID "7815490".
- Cluster_root wikiPageRevisionID "551036827".
- Cluster_root hasPhotoCollection Cluster_root.
- Cluster_root subject Category:Plant_roots.
- Cluster_root type NaturalObject100019128.
- Cluster_root type Object100002684.
- Cluster_root type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Cluster_root type PlantOrgan113087625.
- Cluster_root type PlantPart113086908.
- Cluster_root type PlantRoots.
- Cluster_root type Root113125117.
- Cluster_root type Whole100003553.
- Cluster_root comment "Proteoid roots, also known as cluster roots, are plant roots that form clusters of closely spaced short lateral rootlets. They may form a two- to five-centimetre-thick mat just beneath the leaf litter. They enhance nutrient uptake, possibly by chemically modifying the soil environment to improve nutrient solubilisation.".
- Cluster_root label "Cluster root".
- Cluster_root label "Korzeń proteoidowy".
- Cluster_root label "Proteoidwurzeln".
- Cluster_root label "Racine protéoïde".
- Cluster_root label "Radici proteoidi".
- Cluster_root label "Raiz proteoide".
- Cluster_root label "Raíz proteoide".
- Cluster_root sameAs Proteoidwurzeln.
- Cluster_root sameAs Raíz_proteoide.
- Cluster_root sameAs Racine_protéoïde.
- Cluster_root sameAs Radici_proteoidi.
- Cluster_root sameAs Korzeń_proteoidowy.
- Cluster_root sameAs Raiz_proteoide.
- Cluster_root sameAs m.026d_s9.
- Cluster_root sameAs Q748536.
- Cluster_root sameAs Q748536.
- Cluster_root sameAs Cluster_root.
- Cluster_root wasDerivedFrom Cluster_root?oldid=551036827.
- Cluster_root depiction Leucospermum_cordifolium_proteoid_roots_290805.jpg.
- Cluster_root isPrimaryTopicOf Cluster_root.
