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- Cristero_War abstract "The Cristero War (1926–29) also known as La Cristiada, was an attempted counter-revolution against the anti-clericalism of the ruling Mexican government. Based in western Mexico, the rebellion was set off by the enforcement of the Mexican Constitution of 1917 by Mexican President Plutarco Elías Calles, in order to hinder the influence of the Roman Catholic Church and its sub-organizations. The Mexican Revolution was the largest rebellion in Mexican history. It was based on the peasants' overwhelming demand for land and for social justice. The Catholic Church was cautious not to support the revolution, which at times threatened the property rights of many Mexicans. The Calles' administration felt its revolutionary initiatives, such as those against private property and Catholic schools, were being threatened by the Church. As a solution to the Church's influence over the Mexican people, the anti-clerical statutes of the Constitution were instituted, beginning a 10-year persecution of Catholics, resulting in the death of thousands.After a period of peaceful resistance by Mexican Catholics, skirmishing took place in 1926; and violent uprisings began in 1927. The rebels called themselves Cristeros, invoking the name of Jesus Christ under the title of "Cristo Rey" or Christ the King. The rebellion is known for the women who assisted the rebels in smuggling guns and ammunition and for certain priests who were tortured and murdered in public and later canonized by Pope John Paul II. The rebellion eventually ended by diplomatic means brokered by the United States Ambassador to Mexico, Dwight Whitney Morrow, with the financial relief and assistance of the Knights of Columbus.The rebellion attracted the attention of Pope Pius XI, who issued a series of papal encyclicals between 1925 and 1937. On 11 December 1925 the pontiff issued Quas Primas, instituting the Feast of Christ the King. On November 18, 1926, he issued Iniquis Afflictisque (On the Persecution of the Church in Mexico) denouncing the violent anti-clerical persecution in Mexico. Despite the government's promises to the contrary, it continued the persecution of the Church and faithful .[citation needed] In response, Pius issued Acerba Animi on September 29, 1932. As the persecution continued he issued Firmissimam Constantiam and expressed his opposition to the "impious and corruptive school" (p. 22) while granting papal support for Catholic Action in Mexico for the third consecutive time with the use of plenary indulgence on 28 March 1937.".
- Cristero_War causalties "56,882 dead".
- Cristero_War combatant "* Mexican army".
- Cristero_War combatant "Cristeros".
- Cristero_War combatant "Mexican Government".
- Cristero_War commander Alberto_B._Guti%C3%A9rrez.
- Cristero_War commander Andr%C3%A9s_Salazar.
- Cristero_War commander Aristeo_Pedroza.
- Cristero_War commander Barraza_Damaso.
- Cristero_War commander Carlos_Carranza_Bouquet.
- Cristero_War commander Dionisio_Eduardo_Ochoa.
- Cristero_War commander Domingo_Anaya.
- Cristero_War commander Emilio_Portes_Gil.
- Cristero_War commander Enrique_Gorostieta.
- Cristero_War commander Genovevo_Rivas_Guill%C3%A9n.
- Cristero_War commander Heliodoro_Charis.
- Cristero_War commander Jaime_Carrillo.
- Cristero_War commander Jes%C3%BAs_Degollado_Gu%C3%ADzar.
- Cristero_War commander Joaqu%C3%ADn_Amaro.
- Cristero_War commander Jos%C3%A9_Reyes_Vega.
- Cristero_War commander Lauro_Rocha.
- Cristero_War commander Lucas_Cuevas.
- Cristero_War commander Luis_Navarro_Origel.
- Cristero_War commander Manuel_Michel.
- Cristero_War commander Marcelino_Garc%C3%ADa_Barrag%C3%A1n.
- Cristero_War commander Mat%C3%ADas_Villa_Michel.
- Cristero_War commander Miguel_M%C3%A1rquez_Anguiano.
- Cristero_War commander Plutarco_El%C3%ADas_Calles.
- Cristero_War commander Saturnino_Cedillo.
- Cristero_War commander Victoriano_Ramirez.
- Cristero_War commander Victorino_B%C3%A1rcenas.
- Cristero_War isPartOfMilitaryConflict Interwar_period.
- Cristero_War place Mexico.
- Cristero_War result "* Years of persecution of Mexican Catholics and the Catholic Church in Mexico".
- Cristero_War result "Government victory".
- Cristero_War strength "~100,000 men (1929)".
- Cristero_War strength "~50,000 men and women (1929)".
- Cristero_War thumbnail Cristeroscolgados.jpg?width=300.
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- Cristero_War wikiPageExternalLink hf_jp-ii_hom_20000521_canonizations_en.html.
- Cristero_War wikiPageExternalLink hf_p-xi_enc_18111926_iniquis-afflictisque_en.html.
- Cristero_War wikiPageExternalLink hf_p-xi_enc_19370328_firmissimam-constantiam_en.html.
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- Cristero_War wikiPageID "1017527".
- Cristero_War wikiPageRevisionID "606572764".
- Cristero_War caption "Mexican government forces publicly hanged Cristero rebels on telegraph poles in Jalisco, Mexico. The tactic was used throughout the war, with bodies often remaining on the poles until the pueblo or town renounced public religious practice.".
- Cristero_War casualties "250000".
- Cristero_War casualties "56882".
- Cristero_War casualties "estimated 250,000 dead".
- Cristero_War casualties "~30,000 dead".
- Cristero_War combatant "Cristeros".
- Cristero_War combatant "Mexican Government * Mexican army".
- Cristero_War commander "Alberto B. Gutiérrez".
- Cristero_War commander "Andrés Salazar".
- Cristero_War commander "Aristeo Pedroza".
- Cristero_War commander "Barraza Damaso".
- Cristero_War commander "Carlos Carranza Bouquet".
- Cristero_War commander "Dionisio Eduardo Ochoa".
- Cristero_War commander "Domingo Anaya".
- Cristero_War commander "Emilio Portes Gil".
- Cristero_War commander "Enrique Gorostieta Velarde".
- Cristero_War commander "Genovevo Rivas Guillén".
- Cristero_War commander "Heliodoro Charis".
- Cristero_War commander "Jaime Carrillo".
- Cristero_War commander "Jesús Degollado Guízar".
- Cristero_War commander "Joaquín Amaro Domínguez".
- Cristero_War commander "José Reyes Vega".
- Cristero_War commander "Lauro Rocha".
- Cristero_War commander "Lucas Cuevas".
- Cristero_War commander "Luis Navarro Origel".
- Cristero_War commander "Manuel Michel".
- Cristero_War commander "Marcelino García Barragán".
- Cristero_War commander "Matías Villa Michel".
- Cristero_War commander "Miguel Márquez Anguiano".
- Cristero_War commander "Plutarco Elías Calles".
- Cristero_War commander "Saturnino Cedillo".
- Cristero_War commander "Victoriano Ramirez".
- Cristero_War commander "Victorino Bárcenas".
- Cristero_War conflict "Cristero War".
- Cristero_War date "1926".
- Cristero_War hasPhotoCollection Cristero_War.
- Cristero_War partof Interwar_period.
- Cristero_War place Mexico.
