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• DNA_polymerase_I abstract "DNA Polymerase I (or Pol I) is an enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replication. Discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956, it was the first known DNA polymerase (and, indeed, the first known of any kind of polymerase). It was initially characterized in E. coli, although it is ubiquitous in prokaryotes. In E. coli and many other bacteria, the gene that encodes Pol I is known as polA. The E. coli form of the enzyme is composed of 928 amino acids, and is an example of a processive enzyme - it can sequentially catalyze multiple polymerisations.Pol I possesses four enzymatic activities: A 5' -> 3' (forward) DNA-Dependent DNA polymerase activity, requiring a 3' primer site and a template strand A 3' -> 5' (reverse) exonuclease activity that mediates proofreading A 5' -> 3' (forward) exonuclease activity mediating nick translation during DNA repair. A 5' -> 3' (forward) RNA-Dependent DNA polymerase activity. Pol I operates on RNA templates with considerably lower efficiency (0.1–0.4%) than it does DNA templates, and this activity is probably of only limited biological significance.In the replication process, RNAse H removes the RNA primer (created by Primase) from the lagging strand and then Polymerase I fills in the necessary nucleotides between the Okazaki fragments (see DNA replication) in 5' -> 3' direction, proofreading for mistakes as it goes. It is a template-dependent enzyme - it only adds nucleotides that correctly base pair with an existing DNA strand acting as a template. DNA Ligase then joins the various fragments together into a continuous strand of DNA.Despite its early characterisation, it quickly became apparent that Polymerase I was not the enzyme responsible for most DNA synthesis — DNA replication in E. coli proceeds at approximately 1,000 nucleotides/second, while the rate of base pair synthesis by Polymerase I averages only between 10 and 20 nucleotides/second. Moreover, its cellular abundance of approximately 400 molecules per cell did not correlate with the fact that there are typically only two replication forks in E. coli. Moreover, it is insufficiently processive to copy an entire genome, as it falls off after incorporating only 25-50 nucleotides. Its role in replication was proven when, in 1969, John Cairns isolated a viable Polymerase I mutant that lacked the polymerase activity. Cairns' lab assistant Paula De Lucia created thousands of cell free extracts from E.coli colonies and assayed them for DNA-polymerase activity. The 3,478th clone contained the polA mutant, which was named by Cairns to credit "Paula" [De Lucia]. It was not until the discovery of DNA polymerase III that the main replicative DNA polymerase was finally identified.".
• DNA_polymerase_I thumbnail PolymeraseDomains.jpg?width=300.
• DNA_polymerase_I wikiPageID "505425".
• DNA_polymerase_I wikiPageRevisionID "598957465".
• DNA_polymerase_I caption "Functional domains in the Klenow Fragment and DNA Polymerase I .".
• DNA_polymerase_I chromosome "genome".
• DNA_polymerase_I ecnumber "2.7".
• DNA_polymerase_I entrezchromosome "NC_000913.2".
• DNA_polymerase_I entrezgene "948356".
• DNA_polymerase_I genlocEnd "4048192".
• DNA_polymerase_I genlocStart "4044570".
• DNA_polymerase_I hasPhotoCollection DNA_polymerase_I.
• DNA_polymerase_I name "DNA polymerase I".
• DNA_polymerase_I organism "Escherichia coli".
• DNA_polymerase_I pdb "1".
• DNA_polymerase_I refseqprotein "NP_418300.1".
• DNA_polymerase_I symbol "polA".
• DNA_polymerase_I taxid "511145".
• DNA_polymerase_I uniprot "P00582".
• DNA_polymerase_I subject Category:DNA_replication.
• DNA_polymerase_I subject Category:EC_2.7.7.
• DNA_polymerase_I subject Category:Enzymes.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Abstraction100002137.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Activator114723079.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Catalyst114723628.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Chemical114806838.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Compound114818238.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Enzyme114732946.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Enzymes.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Macromolecule114944888.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Material114580897.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Matter100020827.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Molecule114682133.
• DNA_polymerase_I type OrganicCompound114727670.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Part113809207.
• DNA_polymerase_I type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Protein114728724.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Relation100031921.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Substance100019613.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Thing100002452.
• DNA_polymerase_I type Unit109465459.
• DNA_polymerase_I comment "DNA Polymerase I (or Pol I) is an enzyme that participates in the process of DNA replication. Discovered by Arthur Kornberg in 1956, it was the first known DNA polymerase (and, indeed, the first known of any kind of polymerase). It was initially characterized in E. coli, although it is ubiquitous in prokaryotes. In E. coli and many other bacteria, the gene that encodes Pol I is known as polA. The E.".
• DNA_polymerase_I label "DNA polimerase I".
• DNA_polymerase_I label "DNA polimerasi I".
• DNA_polymerase_I label "DNA polymerase I".
• DNA_polymerase_I label "DNA聚合酶I".
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs DNA_polymeráza_I.
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs DNA_polimerasi_I.
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs DNA_polimerase_I.
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs m.02jhf7.
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs Q2529148.
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs Q2529148.
• DNA_polymerase_I sameAs DNA_polymerase_I.
• DNA_polymerase_I wasDerivedFrom DNA_polymerase_I?oldid=598957465.
• DNA_polymerase_I depiction PolymeraseDomains.jpg.
• DNA_polymerase_I isPrimaryTopicOf DNA_polymerase_I.