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- Dauer_larva abstract "Dauer (German for "endurance", "duration" or "permanent") describes an alternative developmental stage of nematode worms, particularly Caenorhabditis elegans, whereby the larva goes into a type of stasis and can survive harsh conditions. Since the decision to enter the dauer stage is dependent on environmental cues, it represents a classic and well studied example of polyphenism . The Dauer state is given other names in the various types of nematodes such as ‘diapause’, ‘hyperbobis’, ‘spring rise’, but since the C. elegans nematode has become the most studied nematode, the term ‘dauer stage’ or 'dauer larvae' is becoming universally recognised when referring to this state in other free-living nematodes. The dauer stage is also considered to be equivalent to the infective stage of parasitic nematode larvae.Under environmental conditions that are favorable for reproduction, C. elegans larvae develop through 4 stages or molts which are designated as L1, L2, L3 and L4. After L4, animals moult to the reproductive adult stage. However, when the environment is unfavorable, L1 and L2 animals have the option to divert their development from reproduction to dauer formation. Signals such as temperature, food supply, and a dauer-inducing pheromone (population density cue) influence this dauer decision. Dauer larvae are thus considered an alternative L3 stage larva, and this stage is sometimes referred to as L2d. L2d animals are also considered pre-dauer and are characterised by delayed development and dark intestines produced by storage of fat. Dauer larvae are extensively studied by biologists because of their ability to survive harsh environments and live for extended periods of time. For example, C. elegans dauer larvae can survive upto 4 months, much longer than their average lifespan of about 3 weeks during normal reproductive development. Two genes that are essential for dauer formation are daf-2 and daf-23. Dauer formation in C. elegans requires a nuclear receptor DAF-12 and a forkhead transcription factor daf-16. In favorable environments, DAF-12 is activated by a steroid hormone, called Dafachronic Acid, produced by the cytochrome p450, DAF-9. Interestingly, DAF-9 and DAF-12 have been implicated by Cynthia Kenyon and colleagues as being required for extended longevity seen in animals that lack germlines. Kenyon showed that although the daf-16 gene is required for life extension in C. elegans, the life extension effect can be uncoupled from dauer growth arrest. The lifespan increase was shown to be associated with an increase in stress resistance.A characteristic of the dauer stage is the pronounced alae which may be implicated in the entering (L1) and exiting (pre adult or L4 in C.elegans) of the dauer stage.".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageExternalLink 640.full.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageExternalLink nchembio.698.html.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageID "2191103".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageRevisionID "602848486".
- Dauer_larva hasPhotoCollection Dauer_larva.
- Dauer_larva subject Category:German_words_and_phrases.
- Dauer_larva subject Category:Nematodes.
- Dauer_larva type Animal100015388.
- Dauer_larva type Invertebrate101905661.
- Dauer_larva type LivingThing100004258.
- Dauer_larva type Nematode101930112.
- Dauer_larva type Nematodes.
- Dauer_larva type Object100002684.
- Dauer_larva type Organism100004475.
- Dauer_larva type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Dauer_larva type Whole100003553.
- Dauer_larva type Worm101922303.
- Dauer_larva comment "Dauer (German for "endurance", "duration" or "permanent") describes an alternative developmental stage of nematode worms, particularly Caenorhabditis elegans, whereby the larva goes into a type of stasis and can survive harsh conditions. Since the decision to enter the dauer stage is dependent on environmental cues, it represents a classic and well studied example of polyphenism .".
- Dauer_larva label "Dauer larva".
- Dauer_larva label "Larve dauer".
- Dauer_larva sameAs Larve_dauer.
- Dauer_larva sameAs m.06tqsq.
- Dauer_larva sameAs Q2387939.
- Dauer_larva sameAs Q2387939.
- Dauer_larva sameAs Dauer_larva.
- Dauer_larva wasDerivedFrom Dauer_larva?oldid=602848486.
- Dauer_larva isPrimaryTopicOf Dauer_larva.