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- Electric_double-layer_capacitor abstract "Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLC) are, together with pseudocapacitors, part of a new type of electrochemical capacitors called supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors. Supercapacitors do not have a conventional solid dielectric. The capacitance value of an electrochemical capacitor is determined by two storage principles: Double-layer capacitance – electrostatic storage of the electrical energy achieved by separation of charge in a Helmholtz double layer at the interface between the surface of a conductor electrode and an electrolytic solution electrolyte. The separation of charge distance in a double-layer is on the order of a few Ångströms (0.3–0.8 nm) and is static in origin. Pseudocapacitance – Electrochemical storage of the electrical energy, achieved by redox reactions electrosorption or intercalation on the surface of the electrode by specifically adsorbed ions that results in a reversible faradaic charge-transfer on the electrode.Double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance both contribute to the total capacitance value of a supercapacitor. However, the ratio of the two can vary greatly, depending on the design of the electrodes and the composition of the electrolyte. Pseudocapacitance can increase the capacitance value by as much as an order of magnitude over that of the double-layer by itself.Supercapacitors are divided into three families, based on the design of the electrodes: Double-layer capacitors – with carbon electrodes or derivatives with much higher static double-layer capacitance than the faradaic pseudocapacitance Pseudocapacitors – with electrodes made of metal oxides or conducting polymers with much higher faradaic pseudocapacitance than the static double-layer capacitance Hybrid capacitors – capacitors with special electrodes that exhibit both significant double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance, such as lithium-ion capacitorsSupercapacitors have the highest available capacitance values per unit volume and the greatest energy density of all capacitors. They can have capacitance values of 10,000 times that of electrolytic capacitors; up to 12,000 F at working voltages of 1.2 V. Supercapacitors bridge the gap between capacitors and rechargeable batteries. In terms of specific energy, as well as in terms of specific power, this gap covers several orders of magnitude. However, batteries still have about ten times the capacity of supercapacitors. While existing supercapacitors have energy densities that are approximately 10% of a conventional battery, their power density is generally 10 to 100 times as great. This makes charge and discharge cycles of supercapacitors much faster than batteries. Additionally, they will tolerate many more charge and discharge cycles than batteries.In these electrochemical capacitors, the electrolyte is the conductive connection between the two active electrodes. This distinguishes them from electrolytic capacitors, in which the electrolyte is the cathode and thus forms the second electrode.Supercapacitors are polarized and must operate with the correct polarity. Polarity is controlled by design with asymmetric electrodes, or, for symmetric electrodes, by a potential applied during manufacture.Supercapacitors support a broad spectrum of applications for power and energy requirements, including: Long duration low current for memory back up in (SRAMs) Power electronics that require very short, high current, as in the KERS system in Formula 1 cars Recovery of braking energy in vehicles↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑".
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor thumbnail Maxwell_Ultracapacitors.jpg?width=300.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink art-c03-elchem-cap.htm.
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- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink if-the-cap-fits.pdf.
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- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink if_spr08.htm.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink www.nanocapacitors.altervista.org.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink www.supercapseminar.com.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink ?a=f.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageExternalLink www.ultracapacitors.org.
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- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wikiPageRevisionID "602733358".
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor hasPhotoCollection Electric_double-layer_capacitor.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor subject Category:Capacitors.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor subject Category:Emerging_technologies.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor subject Category:Energy_conversion.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor type Artifact100021939.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor type Capacitor102955247.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor type Capacitors.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor type Device103183080.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor type ElectricalDevice103269401.
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- Electric_double-layer_capacitor comment "Electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLC) are, together with pseudocapacitors, part of a new type of electrochemical capacitors called supercapacitors, also known as ultracapacitors. Supercapacitors do not have a conventional solid dielectric.".
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor label "Electric double-layer capacitor".
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor label "双电层电容器".
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor label "電気二重層コンデンサ".
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor sameAs 電気二重層コンデンサ.
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- Electric_double-layer_capacitor sameAs Electric_double-layer_capacitor.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor wasDerivedFrom Electric_double-layer_capacitor?oldid=602733358.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor depiction Maxwell_Ultracapacitors.jpg.
- Electric_double-layer_capacitor isPrimaryTopicOf Electric_double-layer_capacitor.
