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- Enzyme abstract "Enzymes /ˈɛnzaɪmz/ are large biological molecules responsible for the thousands of metabolic processes that sustain life. They are highly selective catalysts, greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of metabolic reactions, from the digestion of food to the synthesis of DNA. Most enzymes are proteins, although some catalytic RNA molecules have been identified. Enzymes adopt a specific three-dimensional structure, and may employ organic (e.g. biotin) and inorganic (e.g. magnesium ion) cofactors to assist in catalysis.In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates sufficient for life. Since enzymes are selective for their substrates and speed up only a few reactions from among many possibilities, the set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell.Like all catalysts, enzymes work by lowering the activation energy (Ea‡) for a reaction, thus dramatically increasing the rate of the reaction. As a result, products are formed faster and reactions reach their equilibrium state more rapidly. Most enzyme reaction rates are millions of times faster than those of comparable un-catalyzed reactions. As with all catalysts, enzymes are not consumed by the reactions they catalyze, nor do they alter the equilibrium of these reactions. However, enzymes do differ from most other catalysts in that they are highly specific for their substrates. Enzymes are known to catalyze about 4,000 biochemical reactions. A few RNA molecules called ribozymes also catalyze reactions, with an important example being some parts of the ribosome. Synthetic molecules called artificial enzymes also display enzyme-like catalysis.Enzyme activity can be affected by other molecules. Inhibitors are molecules that decrease enzyme activity; activators are molecules that increase activity. Many drugs and poisons are enzyme inhibitors. Activity is also affected by temperature, pressure, chemical environment (e.g., pH), and the concentration of substrate. Some enzymes are used commercially, for example, in the synthesis of antibiotics. In addition, some household products use enzymes to speed up biochemical reactions (e.g., enzymes in biological washing powders break down protein or fat stains on clothes; enzymes in meat tenderizers break down proteins into smaller molecules, making the meat easier to chew).".
- Enzyme thumbnail GLO1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast.gif?width=300.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink buchner.htm.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink enzyme.expasy.org.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink Wil4Sci.html.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink biochemistry.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink ec.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink www.amfep.org.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink www.brenda-enzymes.org.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink enzyme.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink EzyPred.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink spotlight.jsp.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink MACiE.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink enzymes.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink BioBookEnzym.html.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink www.enzyme-database.org.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink kegg.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink History_of_Enzymes.asp.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink bv.fcgi?rid=gnd.chapter.86.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink explore.do?structureId=1KW0.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink explore.do?structureId=1MOO.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink enzyme-test-or-cpk-test-what-is-it.html.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink enzyme-explorer.html.
- Enzyme wikiPageExternalLink 19.
- Enzyme wikiPageID "9257".
- Enzyme wikiPageRevisionID "605473842".
- Enzyme expiry "2016-11-30".
- Enzyme hasPhotoCollection Enzyme.
- Enzyme small "yes".
- Enzyme subject Category:Biomolecules.
- Enzyme subject Category:Catalysis.
- Enzyme subject Category:Enzymes.
- Enzyme subject Category:Metabolism.
- Enzyme subject Category:Process_chemicals.
- Enzyme comment "Enzymes /ˈɛnzaɪmz/ are large biological molecules responsible for the thousands of metabolic processes that sustain life. They are highly selective catalysts, greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of metabolic reactions, from the digestion of food to the synthesis of DNA. Most enzymes are proteins, although some catalytic RNA molecules have been identified. Enzymes adopt a specific three-dimensional structure, and may employ organic (e.g. biotin) and inorganic (e.g.".
- Enzyme label "Enzima".
- Enzyme label "Enzima".
- Enzyme label "Enzima".
- Enzyme label "Enzym".
- Enzyme label "Enzym".
- Enzyme label "Enzyme".
- Enzyme label "Enzyme".
- Enzyme label "Enzymy".
- Enzyme label "Ферменты".
- Enzyme label "إنزيم".
- Enzyme label "酵素".
- Enzyme label "酶".
- Enzyme sameAs Enzym.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzym.
- Enzyme sameAs Ένζυμο.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzima.
- Enzyme sameAs Entzima.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzyme.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzim.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzima.
- Enzyme sameAs 酵素.
- Enzyme sameAs 효소.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzym.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzymy.
- Enzyme sameAs Enzima.
- Enzyme sameAs m.02jgw.
- Enzyme sameAs Q8047.
- Enzyme sameAs Q8047.
- Enzyme wasDerivedFrom Enzyme?oldid=605473842.
- Enzyme depiction GLO1_Homo_sapiens_small_fast.gif.
- Enzyme isPrimaryTopicOf Enzyme.
