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- Equilibrium_constant abstract "The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of the reaction quotient when the reaction has reached equilibrium. At any given temperature, the equilibrium constant has a value which is independent of the initial and actual concentrations of the reactant and product species. For a given set of initial concentrations, the equilibrium constant can be used to determine the composition of a system at equilibrium.For a general chemical equilibriumthe thermodynamic equilibrium constant can be defined such that, at equilibrium,where curly brackets denote the thermodynamic activities of the chemical species. The right-hand side of this equation corresponds to the reaction quotient Q for arbitrary values of the activities, and becomes the equilibrium constant as shown when the reaction is at equilibrium. The logarithm of this expression appears in the formula for the Gibbs free energy change for the reaction. If deviations from ideal behaviour are neglected, the activities of solutes may be replaced by concentrations, [A], and a concentration quotient, Kc.Kc is defined which is equal to the thermodynamic equilibrium constant divided by a quotient of activity coefficients. For ideal behaviour this quotient has a value of 1, and Kc = KFile:StrikeO.png. (Kc appears here to have units of concentration raised to some power while KFile:StrikeO.png is dimensionless; however as discussed below under Definitions, the concentration factors in Kc are properly divided by a standard concentration so that Kc is dimensionless also.)Again assuming ideal behavior, the activity of a solvent may be replaced by its mole fraction, or approximately by 1 in dilute solution. The activity of a pure liquid or solid phase is exactly 1. The activity of a species in an ideal gas phase may be replaced by its partial pressure.A knowledge of equilibrium constants is essential for the understanding of many chemical systems, as well as biochemical processes such as oxygen transport by hemoglobin in blood and acid-base homeostasis in the human body.Stability constants, formation constants, binding constants, association constants and dissociation constants are all types of equilibrium constant. See also Determination of equilibrium constants for experimental and computational methods.".
- Equilibrium_constant thumbnail StrikeO.png?width=300.
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageExternalLink eqconstants.html.
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageExternalLink scdbase.htm.
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageExternalLink pkatable.
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageExternalLink ceaHome.htm.
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageExternalLink nist46.cfm.
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageID "1122854".
- Equilibrium_constant wikiPageRevisionID "591354109".
- Equilibrium_constant b "ML".
- Equilibrium_constant hasPhotoCollection Equilibrium_constant.
- Equilibrium_constant p "L".
- Equilibrium_constant subject Category:Equilibrium_chemistry.
- Equilibrium_constant comment "The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of the reaction quotient when the reaction has reached equilibrium. At any given temperature, the equilibrium constant has a value which is independent of the initial and actual concentrations of the reactant and product species.".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Constante d'équilibre".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Constante de equilibrio".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Constante de equilíbrio".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Costante di equilibrio".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Equilibrium constant".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Evenwichtsconstante".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Gleichgewichtskonstante".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Stała równowagi".
- Equilibrium_constant label "Константа равновесия".
- Equilibrium_constant label "ثابت توازن".
- Equilibrium_constant label "平衡定数".
- Equilibrium_constant label "平衡常数".
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Rovnovážná_konstanta.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Gleichgewichtskonstante.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Constante_de_equilibrio.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Constante_d'équilibre.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Costante_di_equilibrio.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs 平衡定数.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs 평형_상수.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Evenwichtsconstante.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Stała_równowagi.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Constante_de_equilíbrio.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs m.048389.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Q857809.
- Equilibrium_constant sameAs Q857809.
- Equilibrium_constant wasDerivedFrom Equilibrium_constant?oldid=591354109.
- Equilibrium_constant depiction StrikeO.png.
- Equilibrium_constant isPrimaryTopicOf Equilibrium_constant.
!["The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of the reaction quotient when the reaction has reached equilibrium. At any given temperature, the equilibrium constant has a value which is independent of the initial and actual concentrations of the reactant and product species. For a given set of initial concentrations, the equilibrium constant can be used to determine the composition of a system at equilibrium.For a general chemical equilibriumthe thermodynamic equilibrium constant can be defined such that, at equilibrium,where curly brackets denote the thermodynamic activities of the chemical species. The right-hand side of this equation corresponds to the reaction quotient Q for arbitrary values of the activities, and becomes the equilibrium constant as shown when the reaction is at equilibrium. The logarithm of this expression appears in the formula for the Gibbs free energy change for the reaction. If deviations from ideal behaviour are neglected, the activities of solutes may be replaced by concentrations, [A], and a concentration quotient, Kc.Kc is defined which is equal to the thermodynamic equilibrium constant divided by a quotient of activity coefficients. For ideal behaviour this quotient has a value of 1, and Kc = KFile:StrikeO.png. (Kc appears here to have units of concentration raised to some power while KFile:StrikeO.png is dimensionless; however as discussed below under Definitions, the concentration factors in Kc are properly divided by a standard concentration so that Kc is dimensionless also.)Again assuming ideal behavior, the activity of a solvent may be replaced by its mole fraction, or approximately by 1 in dilute solution. The activity of a pure liquid or solid phase is exactly 1. The activity of a species in an ideal gas phase may be replaced by its partial pressure.A knowledge of equilibrium constants is essential for the understanding of many chemical systems, as well as biochemical processes such as oxygen transport by hemoglobin in blood and acid-base homeostasis in the human body.Stability constants, formation constants, binding constants, association constants and dissociation constants are all types of equilibrium constant. See also Determination of equilibrium constants for experimental and computational methods."](?object=%22The%20equilibrium%20constant%20of%20a%20chemical%20reaction%20is%20the%20value%20of%20the%20reaction%20quotient%20when%20the%20reaction%20has%20reached%20equilibrium.%20At%20any%20given%20temperature%2C%20the%20equilibrium%20constant%20has%20a%20value%20which%20is%20independent%20of%20the%20initial%20and%20actual%20concentrations%20of%20the%20reactant%20and%20product%20species.%20For%20a%20given%20set%20of%20initial%20concentrations%2C%20the%20equilibrium%20constant%20can%20be%20used%20to%20determine%20the%20composition%20of%20a%20system%20at%20equilibrium.For%20a%20general%20chemical%20equilibriumthe%20thermodynamic%20equilibrium%20constant%20can%20be%20defined%20such%20that%2C%20at%20equilibrium%2Cwhere%20curly%20brackets%20denote%20the%20thermodynamic%20activities%20of%20the%20chemical%20species.%20The%20right-hand%20side%20of%20this%20equation%20corresponds%20to%20the%20reaction%20quotient%20Q%20for%20arbitrary%20values%20of%20the%20activities%2C%20and%20becomes%20the%20equilibrium%20constant%20as%20shown%20when%20the%20reaction%20is%20at%20equilibrium.%20The%20logarithm%20of%20this%20expression%20appears%20in%20the%20formula%20for%20the%20Gibbs%20free%20energy%20change%20for%20the%20reaction.%20If%20deviations%20from%20ideal%20behaviour%20are%20neglected%2C%20the%20activities%20of%20solutes%20may%20be%20replaced%20by%20concentrations%2C%20%5BA%5D%2C%20and%20a%20concentration%20quotient%2C%20Kc.Kc%20is%20defined%20which%20is%20equal%20to%20the%20thermodynamic%20equilibrium%20constant%20divided%20by%20a%20quotient%20of%20activity%20coefficients.%20For%20ideal%20behaviour%20this%20quotient%20has%20a%20value%20of%201%2C%20and%20Kc%20%3D%20KFile%3AStrikeO.png.%20(Kc%20appears%20here%20to%20have%20units%20of%20concentration%20raised%20to%20some%20power%20while%20KFile%3AStrikeO.png%20is%20dimensionless%3B%20however%20as%20discussed%20below%20under%20Definitions%2C%20the%20concentration%20factors%20in%20Kc%20are%20properly%20divided%20by%20a%20standard%20concentration%20so%20that%20Kc%20is%20dimensionless%20also.)Again%20assuming%20ideal%20behavior%2C%20the%20activity%20of%20a%20solvent%20may%20be%20replaced%20by%20its%20mole%20fraction%2C%20or%20approximately%20by%201%20in%20dilute%20solution.%20The%20activity%20of%20a%20pure%20liquid%20or%20solid%20phase%20is%20exactly%201.%20The%20activity%20of%20a%20species%20in%20an%20ideal%20gas%20phase%20may%20be%20replaced%20by%20its%20partial%20pressure.A%20knowledge%20of%20equilibrium%20constants%20is%20essential%20for%20the%20understanding%20of%20many%20chemical%20systems%2C%20as%20well%20as%20biochemical%20processes%20such%20as%20oxygen%20transport%20by%20hemoglobin%20in%20blood%20and%20acid-base%20homeostasis%20in%20the%20human%20body.Stability%20constants%2C%20formation%20constants%2C%20binding%20constants%2C%20association%20constants%20and%20dissociation%20constants%20are%20all%20types%20of%20equilibrium%20constant.%20See%20also%20Determination%20of%20equilibrium%20constants%20for%20experimental%20and%20computational%20methods.%22%40en){kind=link}
