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- Focale abstract "The focale (plural focalia), also known as a sudarium ("sweat cloth"), was a woolen or linen scarf worn by ancient Roman military personnel. It protected the neck from chafing by the armor. The focale is depicted widely in military scenes from Roman art, such as the relief sculpture on the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum and Trajan's Column. It is shown loosely knotted in the front, but is sometimes visible with the ends tucked inside the cuirass,In Latin literature, focale is a general word for a scarf or wrapping for the throat. A focale was one of the gifts that might be given for the December festival of Saturnalia, according to Martial. In one of his satires, Horace lists focalia among the "badges of illness" (insignia morbi). In describing the correct attire for public speaking, Quintilian advises against wearing a focale, unless required by poor health.Although a sudarium often is used as a handkerchief, it can be worn like the focale as a neckerchief. When Suetonius describes the overly casual attire of Nero, the emperor is barefoot, unbelted, and dressed in evening wear (synthesis), with a sudarium around his neck. In late antiquity, orarium (Greek orarion) might be synonymous with focale, as in the description of military attire in the Vision of Dorotheus, and in a papyrus (dated 350–450 AD) listing military clothes.The focale is sometimes seen as one of the precursors of the necktie. Cesare Vecellio (1530–1606) mentions the focale, calling it a cravata (cravat), as worn by Roman soldiers in his book on the history of fashion. It has been compared to the amice (amictus) worn by Roman Catholic priests, which is depicted from the 6th century onward, as in the Ravenna mosaics.".
- Focale thumbnail Focale_scarf.jpg?width=300.
- Focale wikiPageID "5013797".
- Focale wikiPageRevisionID "569752066".
- Focale hasPhotoCollection Focale.
- Focale subject Category:Ancient_Roman_legionary_equipment.
- Focale subject Category:Ancient_Roman_military_clothing.
- Focale subject Category:History_of_clothing.
- Focale subject Category:Neckties.
- Focale subject Category:Scarves.
- Focale type Artifact100021939.
- Focale type Clothing103051540.
- Focale type Commodity103076708.
- Focale type ConsumerGoods103093574.
- Focale type Covering103122748.
- Focale type Garment103419014.
- Focale type Object100002684.
- Focale type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Focale type Scarf104143897.
- Focale type Scarves.
- Focale type Whole100003553.
- Focale comment "The focale (plural focalia), also known as a sudarium ("sweat cloth"), was a woolen or linen scarf worn by ancient Roman military personnel. It protected the neck from chafing by the armor. The focale is depicted widely in military scenes from Roman art, such as the relief sculpture on the Arch of Septimius Severus in the Roman Forum and Trajan's Column.".
- Focale label "Focale (vêtement)".
- Focale label "Focale".
- Focale label "Focale".
- Focale label "Focale".
- Focale sameAs Focale.
- Focale sameAs Focale.
- Focale sameAs Focale.
- Focale sameAs Focale_(vêtement).
- Focale sameAs m.0czvvr.
- Focale sameAs Q1434979.
- Focale sameAs Q1434979.
- Focale sameAs Focale.
- Focale wasDerivedFrom Focale?oldid=569752066.
- Focale depiction Focale_scarf.jpg.
- Focale isPrimaryTopicOf Focale.
