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- Gemuendina abstract "Gemuendina stuertzi is a placoderm of the order Rhenanida, of the seas of Early Devonian Germany. In life, Gemuendina resembled a scaly ray with an upturned head, or a large-finned stargazer. G. stuertzi is often invoked as an example of convergent evolution- with its flat body and huge, wing-like pectoral fins it has a strong, albeit superficial similarity to rays. Unlike rays, however, both Gemuendina`s eyes and nostrils were placed atop the head, facing upward. Furthermore, G. stuertzi's upturned mouth would have enabled it to suction prey that swam overhead, rather than swallow sediment or suction prey out of the substrate like modern rays. Unlike most other placoderm orders, such as the Antiarchs, or the Arthrodires, Gemuendina and its four other known relatives (or seven, if the three species of the ichthyolith genus Ohioaspis are confirmed to be rhenanids) had armor made up of a mosaic of unfused bony plates and scales. Because their armor was so fragile, few examples of rhenanids have survived in the fossil record. Because several regions of the Hunsruck lagerstätte were anoxic, thus free of scavenging organisms, intact, nearly pristine (albeit flattened) specimens of G. stuertzi have been found as a result. Also unlike other placoderms, it did not have the characteristic tooth plates of placoderms. Instead, it had star-shaped tubercle scales that allowed it to seize, then swallow fish and other animals that swam too close with its mouth.Specimens of G. stuertzi ranged in size from 30 to 100 centimeters in length. In 1971, Erik Stensiö described a metre long specimen as a new species, "Broilina heroldi," which was later synonymized with Gemuendina.".
- Gemuendina class Placodermi.
- Gemuendina family Rhenanida.
- Gemuendina kingdom Animal.
- Gemuendina order Rhenanida.
- Gemuendina phylum Chordate.
- Gemuendina synonym "* Broilina heroldi (Stensiö 1971)".
- Gemuendina thumbnail Gemuendina_stuertzi.JPG?width=300.
- Gemuendina wikiPageExternalLink Rhenanida.
- Gemuendina wikiPageID "6003516".
- Gemuendina wikiPageRevisionID "566369499".
- Gemuendina binomial "Gemuendina stuertzi".
- Gemuendina binomialAuthority "Traquair 1903".
- Gemuendina classis "†Placodermi".
- Gemuendina familia Rhenanida.
- Gemuendina fossilRange Devonian.
- Gemuendina genus "Gemuendina".
- Gemuendina hasPhotoCollection Gemuendina.
- Gemuendina ordo Rhenanida.
- Gemuendina phylum Chordate.
- Gemuendina regnum "Animalia".
- Gemuendina species "G. stuertzi".
- Gemuendina synonyms "* Broilina heroldi (Stensiö 1971)".
- Gemuendina subject Category:Prehistoric_fish_of_Europe.
- Gemuendina subject Category:Rhenanida.
- Gemuendina type Animal.
- Gemuendina type Eukaryote.
- Gemuendina type Species.
- Gemuendina type Organism.
- Gemuendina comment "Gemuendina stuertzi is a placoderm of the order Rhenanida, of the seas of Early Devonian Germany. In life, Gemuendina resembled a scaly ray with an upturned head, or a large-finned stargazer. G. stuertzi is often invoked as an example of convergent evolution- with its flat body and huge, wing-like pectoral fins it has a strong, albeit superficial similarity to rays. Unlike rays, however, both Gemuendina`s eyes and nostrils were placed atop the head, facing upward. Furthermore, G.".
- Gemuendina label "Gemuendina stuertzi".
- Gemuendina label "Gemuendina".
- Gemuendina label "Gemuendina".
- Gemuendina sameAs Gemuendina.
- Gemuendina sameAs Gemuendina_stuertzi.
- Gemuendina sameAs m.0fk4f0.
- Gemuendina sameAs Q291861.
- Gemuendina sameAs Q291861.
- Gemuendina wasDerivedFrom Gemuendina?oldid=566369499.
- Gemuendina depiction Gemuendina_stuertzi.JPG.
- Gemuendina isPrimaryTopicOf Gemuendina.
