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• Graf abstract "Graf (male) or Gräfin (female) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as count. Considered intermediate among noble ranks, the title is often treated as equivalent to the British "earl" (whose female version and consort is a countess).The comital title Graf is common to various European territories where German was or is the official or vernacular tongue, e.g., Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Alsace, the Baltic states and other Habsburg crown lands. Since August 1919, in Germany, all legal privileges of the nobility have been officially abolished, and Graf, like any other hereditary title, is treated as part of the legal surname. In Austria its use, as with all hereditary titles and nobiliary particles, is banned by law; whereas in Switzerland the title is not acknowledged in law; while in Luxembourg and Liechtenstein (as in Belgium) the title continues to be recognised, used and, occasionally, granted by the national fons honorum, the reigning monarch.From the medieval era, a Graf usually ruled a territory known as a Grafschaft (county). In the Holy Roman Empire, many Imperial counts (Reichsgrafen) retained near-sovereign authority in their lands until the Congress of Vienna subordinated them to larger, neighboring monarchs through the German mediatisation process of 1815, preserving their precedence, allocating familial representation in local legislatures, some jurisdictional immunities and the prestigious privilege of Ebenbürtigkeit. In regions of Europe where nobles did not actually exercise Landeshoheit, or sovereignty over the populace, the Graf long retained specific feudal privileges over the land and in the villages in his county, such as rights to peasant service, to periodic fees for use of common infrastructure such as timber, mills, wells and pastures. These rights gradually eroded and were largely eliminated before or during the 19th century, leaving the Graf with few legal privileges beyond land ownership, although comital estates in German-speaking lands were often substantial.Many Continental counts in Germany and Austria were titled Graf without any additional qualification. Except in the Kingdom of Prussia from the 19th century, the title of Graf was not restricted by primogeniture: it was inherited by all legitimate descendants in the male line of the original titleholder, the males also inheriting an approximately equal share of the family's wealth and estates. Usually a hyphenated suffix indicated which of the familial lands a particular line of counts held, e.g. Castell-Rudenhausen.In the medieval Holy Roman Empire, some counts took or were granted unique variations of the gräfliche title, often relating to a specific domain or jurisdiction of responsibility, e.g. Landgraf, Markgraf, Pfalzgraf (Count Palatine), Burggraf, Wildgraf, Waldgraf, Altgraf, Raugraf, etc. Although as a title Graf ranked, officially, below those of Herzog (duke) and Furst (prince), the Holy Roman Emperor could and did recognise unique concessions of authority or rank to some of these nobles, raising them to the status of gefurstete Graf or "princely count". But a grafliche title with such a prefix did not always signify a higher than comital rank or membership in the Hochadel. Only the more important of these titles, historically associated with degrees of sovereignty, remained in use by the 19th century, i.e. Margraf and Landgraf. For a list of the titles of the rank of Count etymologically related to Graf (and for other equivalents) see article Count.".
• Graf wikiPageExternalLink index,page=1221956.html.
• Graf wikiPageExternalLink Holy%20Roman%20Empire.
• Graf wikiPageID "277674".
• Graf wikiPageRevisionID "603129480".
• Graf hasPhotoCollection Graf.
• Graf subject Category:Austrian_noble_titles.
• Graf subject Category:Counts.
• Graf subject Category:German_feudalism.
• Graf subject Category:German_noble_titles.
• Graf subject Category:German_words_and_phrases.
• Graf type Aristocrat109807754.
• Graf type CausalAgent100007347.
• Graf type Count109969218.
• Graf type Counts.
• Graf type Leader109623038.
• Graf type LivingThing100004258.
• Graf type MaleAristocrat110285135.
• Graf type Noble110271677.
• Graf type Object100002684.
• Graf type Organism100004475.
• Graf type Person100007846.
• Graf type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Graf type Whole100003553.
• Graf type YagoLegalActor.
• Graf type YagoLegalActorGeo.
• Graf comment "Graf (male) or Gräfin (female) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as count.".
• Graf label "Graaf (titel)".
• Graf label "Graf (titolo nobiliare)".
• Graf label "Graf (tytuł szlachecki)".
• Graf label "Graf".
• Graf label "Graf".
• Graf label "Graf".
• Graf label "Grave (titre)".
• Graf label "Граф (титул)".
• Graf sameAs Hrabě.
• Graf sameAs Graf.
• Graf sameAs Grave_(titre).
• Graf sameAs Graf_(titolo_nobiliare).
• Graf sameAs Graaf_(titel).
• Graf sameAs Graf_(tytuł_szlachecki).
• Graf sameAs Graf.
• Graf sameAs m.01pk0p.
• Graf sameAs Mx4rwEAgXJwpEbGdrcN5Y29ycA.
• Graf sameAs Q28989.
• Graf sameAs Q28989.
• Graf sameAs Graf.
• Graf wasDerivedFrom Graf?oldid=603129480.
• Graf isPrimaryTopicOf Graf.