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- Granular_material abstract "A granular material is a conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles characterized by a loss of energy whenever the particles interact (the most common example would be friction when grains collide). The constituents that compose granular material must be large enough such that they are not subject to thermal motion fluctuations. Thus, the lower size limit for grains in granular material is about 1 µm. On the upper size limit, the physics of granular materials may be applied to ice floes where the individual grains are icebergs and to asteroid belts of the solar system with individual grains being asteroids.Some examples of granular materials are snow, nuts, coal, sand, rice, coffee, corn flakes, fertilizer and ball bearings. Powders are a special class of granular material due to their small particle size, which makes them more cohesive and more easily suspended in a gas. Granular materials are commercially important in applications as diverse as pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, and energy production. Research into granular materials is thus directly applicable and goes back at least to Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, whose law of friction was originally stated for granular materials.The soldier/physicist Brigadier Ralph Alger Bagnold was an early pioneer of the physics of granular matter and whose book The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes remains an important reference to this day. According to material scientist Patrick Richard, "Granular materials are ubiquitous in nature and are the second-most manipulated material in industry (the first one is water)".In some sense, granular materials do not constitute a single phase of matter but have characteristics reminiscent of solids, liquids, or gases depending on the average energy per grain. However in each of these states granular materials also exhibit properties which are unique.Granular materials also exhibit a wide range of pattern forming behaviors when excited (e.g. vibrated or allowed to flow). As such granular materials under excitation can be thought of as an example of a complex system.".
- Granular_material thumbnail Granular_matter_examples.PNG?width=300.
- Granular_material wikiPageExternalLink www.granularmaterials.com.
- Granular_material wikiPageExternalLink particle_book.htm.
- Granular_material wikiPageExternalLink product_info.php?products_id=3671&osCsid=f7e97c7286d9848f1a8f5a2e7bec4c38.
- Granular_material wikiPageID "696449".
- Granular_material wikiPageRevisionID "596503197".
- Granular_material hasPhotoCollection Granular_material.
- Granular_material subject Category:Discrete-phase_flow.
- Granular_material subject Category:Granular_materials.
- Granular_material type Abstraction100002137.
- Granular_material type GranularMaterials.
- Granular_material type Material114580897.
- Granular_material type Matter100020827.
- Granular_material type Part113809207.
- Granular_material type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Granular_material type Relation100031921.
- Granular_material type Substance100019613.
- Granular_material comment "A granular material is a conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles characterized by a loss of energy whenever the particles interact (the most common example would be friction when grains collide). The constituents that compose granular material must be large enough such that they are not subject to thermal motion fluctuations. Thus, the lower size limit for grains in granular material is about 1 µm.".
- Granular_material label "Granular material".
- Granular_material label "Granulare Materie".
- Granular_material label "Materia granular".
- Granular_material label "Materia granulare".
- Granular_material label "Matériau granulaire".
- Granular_material label "Сыпучее тело".
- Granular_material label "粉粒体".
- Granular_material sameAs Granulare_Materie.
- Granular_material sameAs Materia_granular.
- Granular_material sameAs Matériau_granulaire.
- Granular_material sameAs Material_butiran.
- Granular_material sameAs Materia_granulare.
- Granular_material sameAs 粉粒体.
- Granular_material sameAs 알갱이.
- Granular_material sameAs m.033k5z.
- Granular_material sameAs Q1155083.
- Granular_material sameAs Q1155083.
- Granular_material sameAs Granular_material.
- Granular_material wasDerivedFrom Granular_material?oldid=596503197.
- Granular_material depiction Granular_matter_examples.PNG.
- Granular_material isPrimaryTopicOf Granular_material.
