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- Hawaiian_Duck abstract "The Hawaiian Duck (Anas wyvilliana) is a species of bird in the family Anatidae. It is endemic to the large islands of Hawaiʻi. Some authorities treat it as an island subspecies of the Mallard, based on their capacity to produce fertile hybrids, but it appears well distinct and capability of hybridization is meaningless in dabbling duck taxonomy. The native Hawaiian name for this duck is koloa maoli.The former range of the Hawaiian Duck included all of the main Hawaiian islands except the island of Lānaʻi. Its range is now restricted to the island of Kauaʻi. The Hawaiian Duck was extirpated on all other islands, but was subsequently reestablished on Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, and Maui through release of captive-reared birds. However, all the Hawaiian Ducks in the reestablished populations have bred with feral Mallard ducks and have produced hybrid offspring that is fully fertile (Griffin et al. 1989); consequently, "pure" Hawaiian Ducks are still only found on Kauaʻi. Kauai has experienced a loss of lowland wetland habitat, in turn affecting the Hawaiian ducks.Males, 19-20" (some 50 cm) long, are bigger than females, (16-17" or about 45 cm). Both sexes are mottled brown in color, resembling a female Mallard. The speculum feathers are greenish-blue, bordered on both sides by white. The tail is dark overall, unlike the black-and-white tail of a mallard. The adult male has a darker head and neck which is also sometimes green. A first-year male koloa maoli looks like an eclipse-plumaged male Mallard. The feet and legs are orange. The bill is olive green in the male and dull orange with dark markings in the female. Another difference between the Hawaiian Duck and the Mallard is its call: the koloa maoli quacks like a Mallard, however not as harsh and vocal. Instead, the vocalization is softer than a Mallard's.The Hawaiian Duck is a very wary bird often found in pairs instead of large groups. They are very secretive birds and do not associate with other animals much. They occur in lowland wetlands, river valleys, and mountain streams, not adapting too well to human-modified habitat. Its diet consists of freshwater vegetation, mollusks, insects, and other aquatic invertebrates. Some pairs nest year round, but the primary breeding season is from December to May during which pairs are often engaged in spectacular nuptial flights. Two to ten eggs are laid in a well-concealed nest lined with down and breast feathers. Soon after hatching, the young can take to the water but cannot fly until about nine weeks of age.The Hawaiian duck's population is affected by habitat loss, modifications to wetland habitats for flood control, non-native invasive plants, diseases, environmental contaminants, and predation. Predation threats to the koloa maoli include feral cats, rats, and Small Asian Mongooses, which eat the eggs and young. Interbreeding with feral Mallards is also a major problem, as the hybrids seem to be less well-adapted to the local ecosystem. This interbreeding is rather common due to the high numbers of feral Mallards. Several attempted reintroductions have already failed due to the hybrid ducks produced in captivity faring badly in the wild (Rhymer & Simberloff 1996). The "conversion of flooded taro fields to dry sugar-cane acreage" destroys parts of this species' habitat.".
- Hawaiian_Duck binomialAuthority Philip_Sclater.
- Hawaiian_Duck class Bird.
- Hawaiian_Duck conservationStatus "EN".
- Hawaiian_Duck conservationStatusSystem "IUCN3.1".
- Hawaiian_Duck family Anatidae.
- Hawaiian_Duck family Anatinae.
- Hawaiian_Duck genus Anas.
- Hawaiian_Duck kingdom Animal.
- Hawaiian_Duck order Anseriformes.
- Hawaiian_Duck phylum Chordate.
- Hawaiian_Duck thumbnail Hawaiian_duck.jpg?width=300.
- Hawaiian_Duck wikiPageExternalLink XKoloaArticle2.htm.
- Hawaiian_Duck wikiPageExternalLink species_search.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=436&m=0.
- Hawaiian_Duck wikiPageExternalLink hawaiian%20duck%20NAAT%20final%20!.pdf.
- Hawaiian_Duck wikiPageID "1242933".
- Hawaiian_Duck wikiPageRevisionID "588862524".
- Hawaiian_Duck binomial "Anas wyvilliana".
- Hawaiian_Duck binomialAuthority "Sclater, 1878".
- Hawaiian_Duck classis Bird.
- Hawaiian_Duck familia Anatidae.
- Hawaiian_Duck genus "Anas".
- Hawaiian_Duck hasPhotoCollection Hawaiian_Duck.
- Hawaiian_Duck name "Hawaiian Duck".
- Hawaiian_Duck ordo Anseriformes.
- Hawaiian_Duck phylum Chordate.
- Hawaiian_Duck regnum Animal.
- Hawaiian_Duck species "A. wyvilliana".
- Hawaiian_Duck status "EN".
- Hawaiian_Duck statusSystem "IUCN3.1".
- Hawaiian_Duck subfamilia Anatinae.
- Hawaiian_Duck subject Category:Anas.
- Hawaiian_Duck subject Category:Animals_described_in_1878.
- Hawaiian_Duck subject Category:Birds_of_Hawaii.
- Hawaiian_Duck subject Category:Ducks.
- Hawaiian_Duck subject Category:Endemic_fauna_of_Hawaii.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Animal100015388.
- Hawaiian_Duck type AnimalsDescribedIn1878.
- Hawaiian_Duck type AnseriformBird101845477.
- Hawaiian_Duck type AquaticBird101844917.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Bird101503061.
- Hawaiian_Duck type BirdsOfHawaii.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Chordate101466257.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Duck101846331.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Ducks.
- Hawaiian_Duck type LivingThing100004258.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Object100002684.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Organism100004475.
- Hawaiian_Duck type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Vertebrate101471682.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Waterfowl101845132.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Whole100003553.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Animal.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Bird.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Eukaryote.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Species.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Animal.
- Hawaiian_Duck type BiologicalLivingObject.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Bird.
- Hawaiian_Duck type EukaryoticCell.
- Hawaiian_Duck type Organism.
- Hawaiian_Duck comment "The Hawaiian Duck (Anas wyvilliana) is a species of bird in the family Anatidae. It is endemic to the large islands of Hawaiʻi. Some authorities treat it as an island subspecies of the Mallard, based on their capacity to produce fertile hybrids, but it appears well distinct and capability of hybridization is meaningless in dabbling duck taxonomy.".
- Hawaiian_Duck label "Hawaiian Duck".
- Hawaiian_Duck sameAs j4wZJ.
- Hawaiian_Duck sameAs m.04lkx3.
- Hawaiian_Duck sameAs Hawaiian_Duck.
- Hawaiian_Duck wasDerivedFrom Hawaiian_Duck?oldid=588862524.
- Hawaiian_Duck depiction Hawaiian_duck.jpg.
- Hawaiian_Duck isPrimaryTopicOf Hawaiian_Duck.
- Hawaiian_Duck name "Hawaiian Duck".