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• High-performance_liquid_chromatography abstract "High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography), is a technique in analytic chemistry used to separate the components in a mixture, to identify each component, and to quantify each component. It relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material. Each component in the sample interacts slightly differently with the adsorbent material, causing different flow rates for the different components and leading to the separation of the components as they flow out the column.HPLC has been used for medical (e.g. detecting vitamin D levels in blood serum), legal (e.g. detecting performance enhancement drugs in urine), research (e.g. separating the components of a complex biological sample, or of similar synthetic chemicals from each other), and manufacturing (e.g. during the production process of pharmaceutical and biological products) purposes.Chromatography can be described as a mass transfer process involving adsorption. HPLC relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid and a sample mixture through a column filled with a sorbent, leading to the separation of the sample components. The active component of the column, the sorbent, is typically a granular material made of solid particles (e.g. silica, polymers, etc.), 2–50 micrometers in size. The components of the sample mixture are separated from each other due to their different degrees of interaction with the sorbent particles. The pressurized liquid is typically a mixture of solvents (e.g. water, acetonitrile and/or methanol) and is referred to as a "mobile phase". Its composition and temperature play a major role in the separation process by influencing the interactions taking place between sample components and sorbent. These interactions are physical in nature, such as hydrophobic (dispersive), dipole–dipole and ionic, most often a combination thereof.HPLC is distinguished from traditional ("low pressure") liquid chromatography because operational pressures are significantly higher (50–350 bar), while ordinary liquid chromatography typically relies on the force of gravity to pass the mobile phase through the column. Due to the small sample amount separated in analytical HPLC, typical column dimensions are 2.1–4.6 mm diameter, and 30–250 mm length. Also HPLC columns are made with smaller sorbent particles (2–50 micrometer in average particle size). This gives HPLC superior resolving power when separating mixtures, which is why it is a popular chromatographic technique.The schematic of an HPLC instrument typically includes a sampler, pumps, and a detector. The sampler brings the sample mixture into the mobile phase stream which carries it into the column. The pumps deliver the desired flow and composition of the mobile phase through the column. The detector generates a signal proportional to the amount of sample component emerging from the column, hence allowing for quantitative analysis of the sample components. A digital microprocessor and user software control the HPLC instrument and provide data analysis. Some models of mechanical pumps in a HPLC instrument can mix multiple solvents together in ratios changing in time, generating a composition gradient in the mobile phase. Various detectors are in common use, such as UV/Vis, photodiode array (PDA) or based on mass spectrometry. Most HPLC instruments also have a column oven that allows for adjusting the temperature the separation is performed at.".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography thumbnail Hplc.JPG?width=300.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography wikiPageID "168651".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography wikiPageRevisionID "604545672".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography acronym "HPLC".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography analytes "biomolecules".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography analytes "ions".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography analytes "organic molecules".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography analytes "polymers".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography caption "An HPLC. From left to right: A pumping device generating a gradient of two different solvents- a steel enforced column and a detector for measuring the absorbance.".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography classification Chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography hasPhotoCollection High-performance_liquid_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography hyphenated Liquid_chromatography%E2%80%93mass_spectrometry.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography name "High-performance liquid chromatography".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography related Aqueous_normal-phase_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography related Chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography related Hydrophilic_interaction_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography related Ion_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography related Micellar_liquid_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography related Size-exclusion_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography subject Category:Chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography subject Category:Scientific_techniques.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Ability105616246.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Abstraction100002137.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Act100030358.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Activity100407535.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Analysis100634276.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type ChemicalAnalysis100646833.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Cognition100023271.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Event100029378.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Investigation100633864.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Know-how105616786.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Method105660268.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type ScientificTechniques.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Technique105665146.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type Work100575741.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography comment "High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography), is a technique in analytic chemistry used to separate the components in a mixture, to identify each component, and to quantify each component. It relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material.".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Chromatographie en phase liquide à haute performance".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Cromatografia liquida ad alta prestazione".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Cromatografía líquida de alta eficacia".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "High-performance liquid chromatography".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "High-performance liquid chromatography".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Hochleistungsflüssigkeitschromatographie".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Wysokosprawna chromatografia cieczowa".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "Высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "استشراب سائل عالي الأداء".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "高效液相色谱法".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography label "高速液体クロマトグラフィー".
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs HPLC.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Hochleistungsflüssigkeitschromatographie.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Cromatografía_líquida_de_alta_eficacia.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Chromatographie_en_phase_liquide_à_haute_performance.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Kromatografi_cair_berperforma_tinggi.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Cromatografia_liquida_ad_alta_prestazione.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs 高速液体クロマトグラフィー.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs High-performance_liquid_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Wysokosprawna_chromatografia_cieczowa.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Cromatografia_líquida_de_alta_eficiência.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs m.016l46.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Q381233.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs Q381233.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography sameAs High-performance_liquid_chromatography.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography wasDerivedFrom High-performance_liquid_chromatography?oldid=604545672.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography depiction Hplc.JPG.
• High-performance_liquid_chromatography isPrimaryTopicOf High-performance_liquid_chromatography.