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- Host-pathogen_interface abstract "[[File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpg|thumb|Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo.]]File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpgSize of this preview: 760 × 600 pixels. Other resolutions: 304 × 240 pixels | 608 × 480 pixels | 973 × 768 pixels | 1,280 × 1,010 pixels | 2,240 × 1,768 pixels.File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpgIn cellular biology, the host-pathogen interface refers to the exchange of biochemical signals that occurs when a microorganism encounters its host (biology) or target cell. Such cross-talk between the two can result in either a symbiotic or hostile cross-fire. In certain locations, such as the gastro-intestinal tract, the animal host's intestinal mucous lining on the host-cell external surface may prevent a food-poisoning pathogen from achieving physical adhesion to the plasma membrane of the host cell. In addition, the arsenal of anti-microbial peptides and defensins secreted by the host can damage the integrity of the approaching microbial pathogens. Innate immune system and cellular immunity of the animal host may also neutralize the pathogens before they come in close contact with specific host or target cells. Gram-negative bacterial pathogens having an additional outer membrane consisting largely of endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), membrane-pore forming porins, and some other outer membrane proteins, provide an apparent advantage to gram-negative microbes, compared to Gram-positive organisms, which lack bacterial outer membrane. Thus, Gram-negative organisms have an additional storage compartment called a periplasm, a cellular space between bacterial outer membrane and the inner membrane. The periplasm allows special attributes to the Gram negative organisms, as this compartment can expand to accommodate increasing amounts of microbial secretions; it can also bleb out nanovesicles, called outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). These OMVs can translocate a variety of biochemical signal molecules to other target cells of its own type (intra-species) for quorum sensing or other competing microbes (inter-species) to thwart them from sharing the same nutritional niche, or to animal or plant eukaryotic cells for inter-kingdom interactions. OMVs thus open a new vista in the important field of membrane vesicle trafficking. This was heralded as a revolutionary process of vesicular exocytosis in prokaryotes for multiple purposes, including invasion and infection of animal hosts, and inter-bacterial interactions.".
- Host-pathogen_interface thumbnail Salmonella_-_host_cell_interface_in_vivo..jpg?width=300.
- Host-pathogen_interface wikiPageID "42335006".
- Host-pathogen_interface wikiPageRevisionID "606171640".
- Host-pathogen_interface subject Category:Biological_interactions.
- Host-pathogen_interface comment "[[File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpg|thumb|Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo.]]File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpgSize of this preview: 760 × 600 pixels.".
- Host-pathogen_interface label "Host-pathogen interface".
- Host-pathogen_interface sameAs m.01028hhw.
- Host-pathogen_interface sameAs Q17027635.
- Host-pathogen_interface sameAs Q17027635.
- Host-pathogen_interface wasDerivedFrom Host-pathogen_interface?oldid=606171640.
- Host-pathogen_interface depiction Salmonella_-_host_cell_interface_in_vivo..jpg.
- Host-pathogen_interface isPrimaryTopicOf Host-pathogen_interface.
!["[[File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpg|thumb|Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo.]]File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpgSize of this preview: 760 × 600 pixels. Other resolutions: 304 × 240 pixels | 608 × 480 pixels | 973 × 768 pixels | 1,280 × 1,010 pixels | 2,240 × 1,768 pixels.File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpgIn cellular biology, the host-pathogen interface refers to the exchange of biochemical signals that occurs when a microorganism encounters its host (biology) or target cell. Such cross-talk between the two can result in either a symbiotic or hostile cross-fire. In certain locations, such as the gastro-intestinal tract, the animal host's intestinal mucous lining on the host-cell external surface may prevent a food-poisoning pathogen from achieving physical adhesion to the plasma membrane of the host cell. In addition, the arsenal of anti-microbial peptides and defensins secreted by the host can damage the integrity of the approaching microbial pathogens. Innate immune system and cellular immunity of the animal host may also neutralize the pathogens before they come in close contact with specific host or target cells. Gram-negative bacterial pathogens having an additional outer membrane consisting largely of endotoxic lipopolysaccharide (LPS), membrane-pore forming porins, and some other outer membrane proteins, provide an apparent advantage to gram-negative microbes, compared to Gram-positive organisms, which lack bacterial outer membrane. Thus, Gram-negative organisms have an additional storage compartment called a periplasm, a cellular space between bacterial outer membrane and the inner membrane. The periplasm allows special attributes to the Gram negative organisms, as this compartment can expand to accommodate increasing amounts of microbial secretions; it can also bleb out nanovesicles, called outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). These OMVs can translocate a variety of biochemical signal molecules to other target cells of its own type (intra-species) for quorum sensing or other competing microbes (inter-species) to thwart them from sharing the same nutritional niche, or to animal or plant eukaryotic cells for inter-kingdom interactions. OMVs thus open a new vista in the important field of membrane vesicle trafficking. This was heralded as a revolutionary process of vesicular exocytosis in prokaryotes for multiple purposes, including invasion and infection of animal hosts, and inter-bacterial interactions."](?object=%22%5B%5BFile%3ASalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo..jpg%7Cthumb%7CSalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo.%5D%5DFile%3ASalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo..jpgSize%20of%20this%20preview%3A%20760%20%C3%97%20600%20pixels.%20Other%20resolutions%3A%20304%20%C3%97%20240%20pixels%20%7C%20608%20%C3%97%20480%20pixels%20%7C%20973%20%C3%97%20768%20pixels%20%7C%201%2C280%20%C3%97%201%2C010%20pixels%20%7C%202%2C240%20%C3%97%201%2C768%20pixels.File%3ASalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo..jpgIn%20cellular%20biology%2C%20the%20host-pathogen%20interface%20refers%20to%20the%20exchange%20of%20biochemical%20signals%20that%20occurs%20when%20a%20microorganism%20encounters%20its%20host%20(biology)%20or%20target%20cell.%20Such%20cross-talk%20between%20the%20two%20can%20result%20in%20either%20a%20symbiotic%20or%20hostile%20cross-fire.%20In%20certain%20locations%2C%20such%20as%20the%20gastro-intestinal%20tract%2C%20the%20animal%20host's%20intestinal%20mucous%20lining%20on%20the%20host-cell%20external%20surface%20may%20prevent%20a%20food-poisoning%20pathogen%20from%20achieving%20physical%20adhesion%20to%20the%20plasma%20membrane%20of%20the%20host%20cell.%20In%20addition%2C%20the%20arsenal%20of%20anti-microbial%20peptides%20and%20defensins%20secreted%20by%20the%20host%20can%20damage%20the%20integrity%20of%20the%20approaching%20microbial%20pathogens.%20Innate%20immune%20system%20and%20cellular%20immunity%20of%20the%20animal%20host%20may%20also%20neutralize%20the%20pathogens%20before%20they%20come%20in%20close%20contact%20with%20specific%20host%20or%20target%20cells.%20Gram-negative%20bacterial%20pathogens%20having%20an%20additional%20outer%20membrane%20consisting%20largely%20of%20endotoxic%20lipopolysaccharide%20(LPS)%2C%20membrane-pore%20forming%20porins%2C%20and%20some%20other%20outer%20membrane%20proteins%2C%20provide%20an%20apparent%20advantage%20to%20gram-negative%20microbes%2C%20compared%20to%20Gram-positive%20organisms%2C%20which%20lack%20bacterial%20outer%20membrane.%20Thus%2C%20Gram-negative%20organisms%20have%20an%20additional%20storage%20compartment%20called%20a%20periplasm%2C%20a%20cellular%20space%20between%20bacterial%20outer%20membrane%20and%20the%20inner%20membrane.%20The%20periplasm%20allows%20special%20attributes%20to%20the%20Gram%20negative%20organisms%2C%20as%20this%20compartment%20can%20expand%20to%20accommodate%20increasing%20amounts%20of%20microbial%20secretions%3B%20it%20can%20also%20bleb%20out%20nanovesicles%2C%20called%20outer%20membrane%20vesicles%20(OMVs).%20These%20OMVs%20can%20translocate%20a%20variety%20of%20biochemical%20signal%20molecules%20to%20other%20target%20cells%20of%20its%20own%20type%20(intra-species)%20for%20quorum%20sensing%20or%20other%20competing%20microbes%20(inter-species)%20to%20thwart%20them%20from%20sharing%20the%20same%20nutritional%20niche%2C%20or%20to%20animal%20or%20plant%20eukaryotic%20cells%20for%20inter-kingdom%20interactions.%20OMVs%20thus%20open%20a%20new%20vista%20in%20the%20important%20field%20of%20membrane%20vesicle%20trafficking.%20This%20was%20heralded%20as%20a%20revolutionary%20process%20of%20vesicular%20exocytosis%20in%20prokaryotes%20for%20multiple%20purposes%2C%20including%20invasion%20and%20infection%20of%20animal%20hosts%2C%20and%20inter-bacterial%20interactions.%22%40en){kind=link}
!["[[File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpg|thumb|Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo.]]File:Salmonella - host cell interface in vivo..jpgSize of this preview: 760 × 600 pixels."](?object=%22%5B%5BFile%3ASalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo..jpg%7Cthumb%7CSalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo.%5D%5DFile%3ASalmonella%20-%20host%20cell%20interface%20in%20vivo..jpgSize%20of%20this%20preview%3A%20760%20%C3%97%20600%20pixels.%22%40en){kind=link}
