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- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham abstract "The Revd Hugh Bruce Cunningham (1694–1790) was a colourful but ruthless Scottish dominie or minister who was excommunicated by order of the Pope for heresy and for "inflicting great slaughter in battle". He and his son, Roderick, both refused knighthoods from King George III. He may have been one of the first people to decline a British honour.[citation needed]According to legend, Cunningham was the direct descendant of a Norwegian Thane or King of great power and influence whose descendants sailed across the North Sea to Scotland in the 16th century (the name 'Cunningham' means 'home of the King' in Anglo-Saxon).[citation needed] However, it is almost certain he was really the descendant of Alexander Cunningham, 1st Earl of Glencairn, and a close relative of The Rt Revd Gabriel Cunningham, Moderator of the Church of Scotland a few decades before his birth. His father was The Revd Donald Cunningham, a ruthlessly strict dominie or minister (who was reputed to "thrash any of his congregation who would not contribute one-tenth of his earning to the kirk, or who had not committed the Presbyterian creeds to memory") and his wife Isobel Gordon. Hugh was "of a fiery disposition", as ruthless as his father, and "if wronged would soundly thrash his foe then forgive him". He married Helen Bruce.For their loyalty to the Protestant cause, he and his son were offered knighthoods by George III, and were granted coats of arms. George III was particularly staunch in his Protestant beliefs, like Hugh and Roderick, refusing to emancipate Catholics and declaring to his Prime Minister:"Where is the power on Earth to absolve me from the observance of every sentence of that Coronation oath, particularly the one requiring me to maintain the Protestant Reformed Religion? … No, no, I had rather beg my bread from door to door throughout Europe, than consent to any such measure. I can give up my crown and retire from power. I can quit my palace and live in a cottage. I can lay my head on a block and lose my life, but I cannot break my oath."Both refused the offer and sent back the escutcheon (shown below), in protest at having to take the oath of fealty by kissing the Bible. They would only "swear with uplifted hand", in accordance with Jesus' teaching in Matthew's Gospel (Matthew 5:33-37). This was taken as an insult to the throne and all official records of the family were stricken off. The English government also insisted that henceforth all English 'Cunninghams' spell the name 'Conyngham', so as to dissociate themselves from Hugh and his son.[citation needed]The coat of arms presented to 'Sir Hugh' and 'Sir Roderick' had as its principle tinctures orange and purple, in reference to William III who was Protestant Prince of Orange, and the colours later became associated with the Orange Order. The crossed axe and broadsword represent the skill with which both Hugh and Roderick used the weapons, and the gold stars represented Hugh's eight great-uncles who were known as the "fighting devils" and lived with the Clan Cameron. The motto, 'No Quarter', was the battle cry of the Cunninghams and derives from Hugh's great-grandfather Cairn, who 'gave no quarter', i.e. he did not tolerate his enemies.Outlawed by the throne, Hugh fled from Scotland to the town of Wexford in Ireland after having killed six of the Clan MacGregor for stealing their cattle.[citation needed] They later moved to Derry in the north of Ireland.".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham birthDate "1694".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham birthYear "1694".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham deathDate "1790".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham deathYear "1790".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham thumbnail Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham.jpg?width=300.
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- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham dateOfBirth "1694".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham dateOfDeath "1790".
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- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham name "Cunningham, Hugh Bruce".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham subject Category:1694_births.
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham subject Category:1790_deaths.
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham subject Category:People_excommunicated_by_the_Roman_Catholic_Church.
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham subject Category:Scottish_clergy.
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- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham comment "The Revd Hugh Bruce Cunningham (1694–1790) was a colourful but ruthless Scottish dominie or minister who was excommunicated by order of the Pope for heresy and for "inflicting great slaughter in battle". He and his son, Roderick, both refused knighthoods from King George III.".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham label "Hugh Bruce Cunningham".
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- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham sameAs Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham.
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- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham depiction Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham.jpg.
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham givenName "Hugh Bruce".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham isPrimaryTopicOf Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham.
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham name "Cunningham, Hugh Bruce".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham name "Hugh Bruce Cunningham".
- Hugh_Bruce_Cunningham surname "Cunningham".
