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- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy abstract "Interleukin-2 immunotherapy is the clinical application of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to treat certain types of cancer (specifically malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma) through stimulation and application of an immune system response against the cancerous cells.Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a member of a group of specific immune system signaling cytokines called interleukins. These proteins send chemical messages between leukocytes, more commonly known as white blood cells. IL-2 functions specifically in the proliferation of cytotoxic T-cells as an immune response to an antigen reaching a T-cell receptor on a leukocyte. These cytotoxic T-cells have the function of destroying infected, diseased, or tumor-characterized cells.ResearchIn 1965, a blastogenic factor was reported in the scientific journal, Nature; on the promoted proliferation of lymphocytes. Over the next fifteen years from this initial discovery, the factor was researched and termed: T-cell growth factor (TCGF). By the late 1980s it was more clearly identified by Dr. Kendall A. Smith and his team of researchers as the molecule of IL-2, the first interleukin to be officially identified. Since then, the molecule’s properties and functions have been examined numerous times, by many in research hoping to apply it to some sort of medical treatment. Across progressive studies, IL-2 was found to somewhat effectively eradicate and stop the growth of selective tumor cells in certain kinds of cancers. IL-2 as an immunotherapy was approved for a cancer treatment strategy in 1992 by the FDA.Method of Immunotherapy The therapy aims to focus an individual’s immune system (active immunotherapy) and direct it to the cancer. IL-2 is administered in liquid dosages to a patient, and enters the blood stream. The protein causes the immune system to respond by producing more cytotoxic T-cells, which then target the tumor or metastasized cancer cells.DosagesThere are different dosages of IL-2 across the United States and across the world being used to treat patients. The efficiency and side effects of different dosages is often a point of disagreement. Usually, in the U.S., the higher dosage option is used, depending on the cancer, response to treatment, and general health of the patient. Patients are typically given the high dosages for five consecutive days, three times a day, for fifteen minutes. The patient is given approximately 10 days to recover between treatment dosages. The IL-2 is delivered through an IV for this type of dosing, and hospitalization/intensive care is required throughout due to the side effects.Another dosage option is in a lower regimen used by some doctors. It can be an injection of IL-2 under the skin at home or doctor’s office. It is also possible to get this dosage through an IV in the hospital over 1–3 days, similar to and often including the delivery of chemotherapy.Toxicity/Side EffectsIL-2 immunotherapy is a very powerful therapy, which by nature causes toxicity to the human body, resulting in a large variety of side effects. The level of dosing usually determines the severity of the side effects. Some Common Side Effects: flu-like symptoms (fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, fatigue) nausea/vomiting dry, itchy skin or rash weakness or shortness of breath diarrhea low blood pressure drowsiness or confusion loss of appetiteMore serious and dangerous side effects sometimes are seen, such as capillary leak syndrome, breathing problems, serious infections, seizures, allergic reactions, heart problems or a variety of other possible complications.".
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- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy hasPhotoCollection Interleukin-2_immunotherapy.
- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy subject Category:Cancer_treatments.
- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy subject Category:Immunology.
- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy subject Category:Immunomodulating_drugs.
- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy subject Category:Medical_treatments.
- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy comment "Interleukin-2 immunotherapy is the clinical application of interleukin-2 (IL-2) to treat certain types of cancer (specifically malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma) through stimulation and application of an immune system response against the cancerous cells.Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a member of a group of specific immune system signaling cytokines called interleukins. These proteins send chemical messages between leukocytes, more commonly known as white blood cells.".
- Interleukin-2_immunotherapy label "Interleukin-2 immunotherapy".
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