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• Jeffers_Petroglyphs abstract "The Jeffers Petroglyphs site is an outcrop in southwestern Minnesota with pre-contact Native American petroglyphs. The petroglyphs are pecked into rock of the Red Rock Ridge, a 23-mile (37 km)-long Sioux quartzite outcrop that extends from Watonwan County, Minnesota to Brown County, Minnesota. The exposed surface is approximately 150 by 650 feet (50 by 200 m) and surrounded by virgin prairie. Several old wagon trail ruts traverse the site, one of which is believed to be the old stage coach route from New Ulm, Minnesota to Sioux Falls, South Dakota.The exact age of the petroglyphs is not known, but the earliest petroglyphs are estimated to be from 9000 to 7000 years ago (7000 to 5000 BCE). but some atlatl symbols at Jeffers are a close match with similar symbols at Indian Knoll in Kentucky, which have been dated to 3000 BCE during the Late Archaic Period. Another clue to the age comes from the projectile point carvings, which show a projectile point design used by hunters in the Late Archaic Period. Other carvings, such as thunderbirds, dragonflies, turtles, and shamans, are symbolic of later tribes such as the Otoe tribe, Sioux, and Iowa tribe. These are believed to date between 900 CE and 1750 CE. There are over 4000 American Indian images preserved in the bedrock. The bedrock was flattened and smoothed over by glaciers 14000 years ago.Several archaeologists have hypothesized theories about the purpose of the carvings. Some hypotheses include the practice of hunting magic, performance of sacred ceremonies, or recording historical events in the lives of warriors, shamans, and chiefs. The exact age and purpose of the carvings is only speculation, not established fact. Meanwhile, some Native Americans view the Jeffers site as sacred ground and a very spiritual place, not merely a site to be studied and speculated upon. Jerry Flute, a Dakota elder, was quoted as saying, "To the contemporary Native Americans who reside in and around the state, [Jeffers Petroglyphs] is a very spiritual place. It is a place where Grandmother Earth speaks of the past, present and future."The Minnesota Historical Society purchased the site from W. R. Jeffers, Jr. in 1966 and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970. It is maintained by the Minnesota Historical Society and is open to the public between May and September. The site is bracketed by two important tracts of tallgrass prairie: Rock Ridge Prairie Scientific and Natural Area to the northwest and Red Rock Prairie, a preserve of The Nature Conservancy, to the east. Here federally threatened prairie bush clover is found, as well as big bluestem, Indian grass, gray-headed coneflower, Maximilian's sunflower, cordgrass and coreopsis. The Upland Sandpiper, Regal Fritillary and Powesheik Skipper can be found on these prairies.The visitor center is open from May through September and features hands-on exhibits and a multimedia presentation about the site. Daily natural and cultural history programs are offered about such topics as archaeology, how Native Americans made and used the atlatl, a travois and cordage, and prairie wildlife and plants.".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs added "1970-10-15".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs nearestCity Jeffers,_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs nrhpReferenceNumber "70000291".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs thumbnail JeffersPetroglyphs090536pr.jpg?width=300.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs wikiPageExternalLink www.jefferspetroglyphs.com.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs wikiPageExternalLink jp.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs wikiPageID "1679881".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs wikiPageRevisionID "606035792".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs added "1970-10-15".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs caption "Jeffers Petroglyphs looking South East. Image is from a Historic American Buildings Survey , April, 1990".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs governingBody "State".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs hasPhotoCollection Jeffers_Petroglyphs.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs latDegrees "44".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs latDirection "N".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs latMinutes "5".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs latSeconds "31".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs locmapin "Minnesota".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs longDegrees "95".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs longDirection "W".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs longMinutes "3".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs longSeconds "13".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs name "Jeffers Petroglyphs Site".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs nearestCity Jeffers,_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs refnum "70000291".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs wordnet_type synset-location-noun-1.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Archaeological_sites_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Minnesota_Historical_Society.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Minnesota_state_historic_sites.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Museums_in_Cottonwood_County,_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Native_American_history_of_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Native_American_museums_in_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Petroglyphs_in_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Protected_areas_of_Cottonwood_County,_Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs subject Category:Religious_places_of_the_indigenous_peoples_of_North_America.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs point "44.091944444444444 -95.05361111111111".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type ArchaeologicalSitesInMinnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type ArchaeologicalSitesOnTheNationalRegisterOfHistoricPlacesInMinnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Area108497294.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Artifact100021939.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Depository103177349.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Facility103315023.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type GeographicalArea108574314.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Location100027167.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type MinnesotaStateHistoricSites.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Museum103800563.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type MuseumsInCottonwoodCounty,Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type NativeAmericanMuseumsInMinnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Object100002684.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type ProtectedAreasOfCottonwoodCounty,Minnesota.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Region108630985.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type ReligiousPlacesOfTheIndigenousPeoplesOfNorthAmerica.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Site108651247.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Tract108673395.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Whole100003553.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type YagoGeoEntity.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type YagoLegalActorGeo.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type HistoricPlace.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Place.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Wikidata:Q532.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type LandmarksOrHistoricalBuildings.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Place.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Place.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type Location.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs type _Feature.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs comment "The Jeffers Petroglyphs site is an outcrop in southwestern Minnesota with pre-contact Native American petroglyphs. The petroglyphs are pecked into rock of the Red Rock Ridge, a 23-mile (37 km)-long Sioux quartzite outcrop that extends from Watonwan County, Minnesota to Brown County, Minnesota. The exposed surface is approximately 150 by 650 feet (50 by 200 m) and surrounded by virgin prairie.".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs label "Jeffers Petroglyphs".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs sameAs m.06_cbhx.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs sameAs Q6175333.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs sameAs Q6175333.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs sameAs Jeffers_Petroglyphs.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs lat "44.091944444444444".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs long "-95.05361111111111".
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs wasDerivedFrom Jeffers_Petroglyphs?oldid=606035792.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs depiction JeffersPetroglyphs090536pr.jpg.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs isPrimaryTopicOf Jeffers_Petroglyphs.
• Jeffers_Petroglyphs name "Jeffers Petroglyphs Site".