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• Jules_Dupuit abstract "Jules Dupuit (18 May 1804 – 5 September 1866) was an Italian-born French civil engineer and economist.He was born in Fossano, Italy then under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte. At the age of ten he emigrated to France with his family where he studied in Versailles — winning a Physics prize at graduation. He then studied in the École Polytechnique as a civil engineer. He gradually took on more responsibility in various regional posts. He received a Légion d'honneur in 1843 for his work on the French road system, and shortly after moved to Paris. He also studied flood management in 1848 and supervised the construction of the Paris sewer system. He died in Paris. Engineering questions led to his interest in economics, a subject in which he was self-taught. His 1844 article was concerned with deciding the optimum toll for a bridge. It was here that he introduced his curve of diminishing marginal utility. As the quantity of a good consumed rises, the marginal utility of the good declines for the user. So the lower the toll (lower marginal utility), the more people who would use the bridge (higher consumption). Conversely as the quantity rises (people allowed on the bridge), the willingness of a person to pay for that good (the price) declines. Thus, the concept of diminishing marginal utility should translate itself into a downward-sloping demand function. In this way he identified the demand curve as the marginal utility curve. This was the first time an economist had put forward a theory of demand derived from marginal utility. Although not the first time that the demand curve had been drawn, it was the first time that it had been proved rather than asserted. Dupuit, however, did not include a supply curve in his theory.Dupuit went on to define "relative utility" as the area under the demand/marginal utility curve above the price and used it as a measure of the welfare effects of different prices – concluding that public welfare is maximized when the price (or bridge toll) is zero. This was later known as Marshall's "consumer surplus".Dupuit's reputation as an economist does not rest on his advocacy of laissez-faire economics (he wrote "Commercial Freedom" in 1861) but on frequent contributions to periodicals. Wanting to evaluate the net economic benefit of public services, Dupuit analysed capacities for economic development, and attempted to construct a framework for utility theory and measuring the prosperity derived with public works. He also wrote on monopoly and price discrimination.Dupuit also considered the groundwater flow equation, which governs the flow of groundwater. He assumed that the equation could be simplified for analytical solutions by assuming that groundwater is hydrostatic and flows horizontally. This assumption is regularly used today, and is known by hydrogeologists as the Dupuit assumption.".
• Jules_Dupuit almaMater %C3%89cole_Polytechnique.
• Jules_Dupuit birthDate "1804-05-18".
• Jules_Dupuit birthPlace Fossano.
• Jules_Dupuit birthPlace Italy.
• Jules_Dupuit birthYear "1804".
• Jules_Dupuit deathDate "1866-09-05".
• Jules_Dupuit deathPlace Paris.
• Jules_Dupuit deathYear "1866".
• Jules_Dupuit field Economics.
• Jules_Dupuit influenced Alfred_Marshall.
• Jules_Dupuit nationality France.
• Jules_Dupuit thumbnail Julesdupuit.jpg?width=300.
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• Jules_Dupuit wikiPageExternalLink dupuit.htm.
• Jules_Dupuit wikiPageID "235807".
• Jules_Dupuit wikiPageRevisionID "598313107".
• Jules_Dupuit almaMater École_Polytechnique.
• Jules_Dupuit birthDate "1804-05-18".
• Jules_Dupuit birthPlace Fossano.
• Jules_Dupuit birthPlace Italy.
• Jules_Dupuit caption "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit dateOfBirth "1804-05-18".
• Jules_Dupuit dateOfDeath "1866-09-05".
• Jules_Dupuit deathDate "1866-09-05".
• Jules_Dupuit deathPlace Paris.
• Jules_Dupuit field Economics.
• Jules_Dupuit hasPhotoCollection Jules_Dupuit.
• Jules_Dupuit influenced Alfred_Marshall.
• Jules_Dupuit name "Dupuit, Jules".
• Jules_Dupuit name "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit nationality France.
• Jules_Dupuit placeOfBirth Fossano.
• Jules_Dupuit placeOfBirth Italy.
• Jules_Dupuit placeOfDeath Paris.
• Jules_Dupuit shortDescription "French economist and civil engineer".
• Jules_Dupuit wordnet_type synset-scientist-noun-1.
• Jules_Dupuit description "French economist and civil engineer".
• Jules_Dupuit description "French economist and civil engineer".
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:1804_births.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:1866_deaths.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:Corps_des_ponts.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:French_chief_executives.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:French_civil_engineers.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:French_economists.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:French_hydrologists.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:École_Polytechnique_alumni.
• Jules_Dupuit subject Category:École_des_Ponts_ParisTech_alumni.
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• Jules_Dupuit comment "Jules Dupuit (18 May 1804 – 5 September 1866) was an Italian-born French civil engineer and economist.He was born in Fossano, Italy then under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte. At the age of ten he emigrated to France with his family where he studied in Versailles — winning a Physics prize at graduation. He then studied in the École Polytechnique as a civil engineer. He gradually took on more responsibility in various regional posts.".
• Jules_Dupuit label "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit label "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit label "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit label "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit label "Jules Dupuit".
• Jules_Dupuit label "Дюпюи, Жюль".
• Jules_Dupuit label "ジュール・デュピュイ".
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• Jules_Dupuit sameAs Jules_Dupuit.

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