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• Kin_selection abstract "Kin selection is the evolutionary strategy that favours the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction. Kin altruism is altruistic behaviour whose evolution is driven by kin selection. Kin selection is an instance of inclusive fitness, which combines the number of offspring produced with the number an individual can produce by supporting others, such as siblings.Charles Darwin discussed the concept of kin selection in his 1859 book, The Origin of Species, where he reflected on the puzzle of sterile social insects, such as honey bees, which leave reproduction to their sisters, arguing that a selection benefit to related organisms (the same "stock") would allow the evolution of a trait that confers the benefit but destroys an individual at the same time. R.A. Fisher in 1930 and J.B.S. Haldane in 1932 set out the mathematics of kin selection, with Haldane famously joking that he would willingly die for two brothers or eight cousins. In 1964, W.D. Hamilton popularized the concept and the major advance in the mathematical treatment of the phenomenon by George R. Price which has become known as "Hamilton's rule". In the same year John Maynard Smith used the actual term kin selection for the first time.According to Hamilton's rule, kin selection causes genes to increase in frequency when the genetic relatedness of a recipient to an actor multiplied by the benefit to the recipient is greater than the reproductive cost to the actor. The rule is difficult to test but was verified experimentally in 2010 by observing adoption of orphans by surrogate mothers in a wild red squirrel population. Hamilton proposed two mechanisms for kin selection: kin recognition, where individuals are able to identify their relatives, and viscous populations, where dispersal is rare enough for populations to be closely related. The viscous population mechanism makes kin selection and social cooperation possible in the absence of kin recognition. Nurture kinship, the treatment of individuals as kin when they live together, is sufficient for kin selection, given reasonable assumptions about dispersal rates. Kin selection is not the same thing as group selection, where natural selection acts on the group as a whole. In humans, altruism is more likely and on a larger scale with kin than with unrelated individuals; for example, humans give presents according to how closely related they are to the recipient. In other species, vervet monkeys use allomothering, where related females such as older sisters or grandmothers often care for young, according to their relatedness. The social shrimp Synalpheus regalis protects juveniles within highly related colonies.".
• Kin_selection thumbnail Todd_Huffman_-_Lattice_(by).jpg?width=300.
• Kin_selection wikiPageExternalLink West_etal_06_altruism.pdf.
• Kin_selection wikiPageExternalLink CurBio2002_12_R832.pdf.
• Kin_selection wikiPageID "66996".
• Kin_selection wikiPageRevisionID "605889125".
• Kin_selection hasPhotoCollection Kin_selection.
• Kin_selection subject Category:Evolutionary_biology.
• Kin_selection subject Category:Selection.
• Kin_selection subject Category:Theories_of_history.
• Kin_selection type Abstraction100002137.
• Kin_selection type Cognition100023271.
• Kin_selection type Explanation105793000.
• Kin_selection type HigherCognitiveProcess105770664.
• Kin_selection type Process105701363.
• Kin_selection type PsychologicalFeature100023100.
• Kin_selection type TheoriesOfHistory.
• Kin_selection type Theory105989479.
• Kin_selection type Thinking105770926.
• Kin_selection comment "Kin selection is the evolutionary strategy that favours the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction. Kin altruism is altruistic behaviour whose evolution is driven by kin selection.".
• Kin_selection label "Dobór krewniaczy".
• Kin_selection label "Kin selection".
• Kin_selection label "Selección de parentesco".
• Kin_selection label "Selezione parentale".
• Kin_selection label "Seleção de parentesco".
• Kin_selection label "Sélection de parentèle".
• Kin_selection label "Verwandtenselektion".
• Kin_selection label "Кин-отбор".
• Kin_selection label "اصطفاء القرابة".
• Kin_selection label "血縁選択説".
• Kin_selection label "親屬選擇".
• Kin_selection sameAs Verwandtenselektion.
• Kin_selection sameAs Selección_de_parentesco.
• Kin_selection sameAs Sélection_de_parentèle.
• Kin_selection sameAs Selezione_parentale.
• Kin_selection sameAs 血縁選択説.
• Kin_selection sameAs 친족_선택.
• Kin_selection sameAs Dobór_krewniaczy.
• Kin_selection sameAs Seleção_de_parentesco.
• Kin_selection sameAs m.0hndy.
• Kin_selection sameAs Q741598.
• Kin_selection sameAs Q741598.
• Kin_selection sameAs Kin_selection.
• Kin_selection wasDerivedFrom Kin_selection?oldid=605889125.
• Kin_selection depiction Todd_Huffman_-_Lattice_(by).jpg.
• Kin_selection isPrimaryTopicOf Kin_selection.