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- Koneswaram_temple abstract "Koneswaram temple of Trincomalee (Tamil: திருக் கோணேச்சரம் கோயில்) or Thirukonamalai Konesar Temple – The Temple of the Thousand Pillars and Dakshina-Then Kailasam is a classical-medieval Hindu temple complex in Trincomalee, a Hindu religious pilgrimage centre in Eastern Province, Sri Lanka. Built significantly during the reign of the early Cholas and the Five Dravidians of the Early Pandyan Kingdom atop Konesar Malai, a promontory overlooking Trincomalee District, Gokarna bay and the Indian Ocean, its Pallava, Chola, Pandyan and Jaffna design reflect a continual Tamil Saivite influence in the Vannimai region from the classical period. The monument contains its main shrine to Shiva in the form Kona-Eiswara, shortened to Konesar and is a major place for Hindu pilgrimage, labelled the "Rome of the Gentiles/Pagans of the Orient". Connected at the mouth of the Mahavilli Ganga River to the footprint of Shiva at Sivan Oli Padam Malai at the river’s source, the temple symbolically crowns the flow of the Ganges River from Shiva’s head of Mount Kailash to his feet.Developed from 205 BC, the original kovil combined key features to form its basic Dravidian temple plan, such as its thousand pillared hall – “Aayiram Kaal Mandapam” – and the Jagati expanded by King Elara Manu Needhi Cholan. Regarded as the greatest building of its age for its architecture, elaborate sculptural bas-relief ornamentation adorned a black granite megalith while its multiple gold plated gopuram towers were expanded in the medieval period. One of three major Hindu shrines on the promontory with a colossal gopuram tower, it stood distinctly on the cape’s highest eminence. The journey for pilgrims in the town begins at the opening of Konesar Road and follows a path through courtyard shrines of the compound to the deities Bhadrakali, Ganesh, Vishnu Thirumal, Surya, Raavana, Ambal-Shakti, Murukan and Shiva who presides at the promontory’s height. The annual Koneswaram Temple Ther Thiruvilah festival involves the Bhadrakali temple of Trincomalee, the Pavanasam Theertham at the preserved Papanasuchunai holy well and the proximal Back Bay Sea (Theertham Karatkarai) surrounding Konesar Malai.The complex was destroyed in colonial religious attacks between 1622 and 1624 and a fort was built at the site from its debris. A 1632 built temple located away from the city houses some of its original idols. Worldwide interest was renewed following the discovery of its underwater and land ruins, sculptures and Chola bronzes by archaeologists and Arthur C. Clarke. It has been preserved through restorations, most recently in the 1950s. Granted ownership of villages in its floruit to form the Trincomalee District, Trincomalee village is located on the cape isthmus within the compounds. The modern temple has been a source of conflict between the majority Sinhalese and minority Tamils due to its position in a geostrategically important area. Revenue from the temple provides services and food to local residents.Koneswaram has many strong historical associations. The shrine is described in the Vayu Purana, the Konesar Kalvettu and Tevaram hymns by Sambandhar and Sundarar as a Paadal Petra Sthalam along with its west coast counterpart Ketheeswaram temple, Mannar, it is the birthplace of Patanjali, the compiler of the Yoga Sutras and was praised for its tradition by Arunagirinathar upon his visit. The Dakshina Kailasa Puranam and Manmiam works note it as Dakshina/Then Kailasam (Mount Kailash of the South) for its longitudinal position and pre-eminence, it lies directly east of Kudiramalai west coast Hindu port town, while it is the easternmost shrine of the five ancient Iswarams of Shiva on the island. Mentioned as a widely popular bay temple of the island in the Mahabharata, Ramayana and Yalpana Vaipava Malai, the Mattakallappu Manmiam confirms its sacred status for all Hindus. Kachiyappa Sivachariar’s Kanda Puranam compares the temple to Thillai Chidambaram Temple and Mount Kailash in Saivite esteem. Konesar Malai may have been the site where Yoga originated; some scholars have suggested that the worship of the almighty god Eiswara on the promontory is the most ancient form of worship existing.".
- Koneswaram_temple thumbnail Sri_Lanka-Trincomalee-Tempel.JPG?width=300.
- Koneswaram_temple wikiPageExternalLink koneswaram.htm.
- Koneswaram_temple wikiPageExternalLink sivakalki.htm.
- Koneswaram_temple wikiPageExternalLink koneswaram.htm.
- Koneswaram_temple wikiPageExternalLink www.koneswaram.com.
- Koneswaram_temple wikiPageID "3794399".
- Koneswaram_temple wikiPageRevisionID "606606452".
- Koneswaram_temple align "left".
- Koneswaram_temple align "right".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "1502".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "1562".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Brihadeeswarar Temple".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Decorated gateway at Koneswaram".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Lover's Leap".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Main shrine of Jagannath Temple".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Main shrine of Konark Sun temple".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Main shrine of Prambanan temples to Shiva".
- Koneswaram_temple alt "Ther festival".
- Koneswaram_temple architecture Dravidian_architecture.
- Koneswaram_temple backgroundColor "#BBDD99".
- Koneswaram_temple bgcolor "Cornsilk".
- Koneswaram_temple border "2".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Cantino map of 1502, showing three Tamil towns on east coast, Mullaitivu, Trincomalee and Pannoam.".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Decorated gateway at Koneswaram".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Koneswaram Idol Procession".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Lovers' Leap or Ravana's Cleft at Swami Rock .".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Main shrine of Brihadeeswarar Temple".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Main shrine of Jagannath Temple".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Main shrine of Konark Sun Temple".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Main shrine of Prambanan temples to Shiva".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Ptolemy's map of Taprobana of 140 CE in a 1562 Ruscelli publication. From the Shiva footprint of Ulipada of Malea mountains rises three rivers, including the Mowli Ganga whose tributary Barraces river's estuary into the Indian Ocean is just south of Bocana where the temple is illustrated. Just above, both cartographers mention Abaratha Ratchagar, another name of Lord Shiva – a temple with this name is also found in Aduthurai, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, near the early Chola capital.".
- Koneswaram_temple caption "Shiva temple front gate with the bell tower".
- Koneswaram_temple coordinatesDisplay "title".
- Koneswaram_temple coordinatesRegion "LK".
- Koneswaram_temple country Sri_Lanka.
- Koneswaram_temple dateBuilt "Unknown; earliest reference in the 6th century BCE, latest reconstruction 1952 CE".
- Koneswaram_temple direction "vertical".
- Koneswaram_temple district Trincomalee_District.
- Koneswaram_temple font "Times".
- Koneswaram_temple footer "Lovers' Leap or Ravana's Cleft at Swami Rock . It is 350 feet above the sea level and looks straight down into the ocean below . Decorated gateway at partially restored Koneswaram . Koneswaram idol is taken on a procession around the temple, with pillar from the ruins in the background".
- Koneswaram_temple footer "The Brihadeeswarar Temple, Tanjore has a vimana tower that is 216 ft high, a classical example of Dravidian architecture that inspired the shrines of the Prambanan temple compounds, Indonesia, which contains a 154 ft high central shrine to Shiva the Konark Sun Temple with a 229-foot tall tower and Jagannath Temple, Puri . Each temple shrine on the Koneswaram promontory extremity contained tall gopuram towers by Chola rule of Trincomalee and Chidambaram's expansion that escalated the building of those syncretic latter styles of Dravidian architecture seen across the continent.".
- Koneswaram_temple footerAlign "center".
- Koneswaram_temple footerBackground "#BBDD99".
- Koneswaram_temple halign "center".
- Koneswaram_temple hasPhotoCollection Koneswaram_temple.
- Koneswaram_temple header "Early maps of Trincomalee".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Konark Temple.jpg".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Lovers' Leap at Koneswaram.JPG".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Main shrine of Prambanan temples.JPG".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Map1502cantino-eelam.jpg".
- Koneswaram_temple image "PeruvudaiyarKoyilThanjavurEntranceToUpperStoreyMainTower.jpg".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Providing Shade.jpg".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Ruscelli-map-1562 Tamil vanni country.jpg".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Spiritual 15.jpg".
- Koneswaram_temple image "Sri Jagannath Temple Puri, Orissa.jpeg".
- Koneswaram_temple imageSize "frameless".
- Koneswaram_temple latd "8".
- Koneswaram_temple latm "34".
- Koneswaram_temple latns "N".
- Koneswaram_temple lats "57".
- Koneswaram_temple location "Swami Rock , Trincomalee".
- Koneswaram_temple longd "81".
- Koneswaram_temple longew "E".
- Koneswaram_temple longm "14".
- Koneswaram_temple longs "44".
- Koneswaram_temple mapCaption "Location in Sri Lanka".
- Koneswaram_temple name "Koneswaram Kovil".
- Koneswaram_temple primaryDeity "Konesar".
- Koneswaram_temple properName "Thirukonamamalai Koneswaram Kovil".
- Koneswaram_temple province Eastern_Province,_Sri_Lanka.
- Koneswaram_temple pushpinMap "Sri Lanka".
- Koneswaram_temple qalign "center".
- Koneswaram_temple quote ""Contemplator item qua se mare tendit in Austrum, Inque notum Oceanus freta ponti caerula curvat; Altaque coliadis mox hic tibi dorsa patescent rupis, et intenti spectabis cospitis arces". -Translation: Mark also the point where the sea stretches out towards the South and the ocean curves the blue straits of the deep into its familiar paths and soon here the tall ridges of the Cholian rock will lie open before you and you will behold the towers of the roof stretched out.".
- Koneswaram_temple quote ""Konamalai is the abode of our Lord Shiva, where despite the wrong beliefs and evil efforts of the Jains and those that follow Theravada, the rearing waters of the sea scatter on the shore sandalwood, ahil, precious stones and pearls — all of value high, for where he settled".".
- Koneswaram_temple quote ""Listen as I now recount the isle of Tamraparni below Pandya-desa and KanyaKumari, gemmed upon the ocean. The gods underwent austerities there, in a desire to attain greatness. In that region also is the lake of Gokarna. Then one should go to Gokarna, renowned in the three worlds. O Indra among kings! It is in the middle of the ocean and is worshipped by all the worlds. Brahma, the Devas, the rishis, the ascetics, the bhutas , the yakshas, the pishachas, the kinnaras, the great nagas, the siddhas, the charanas, the gandharvas, humans, the pannagas, rivers, ocean and mountains worship Uma's consort there". Mahabharata. Volume 3. pp. 46-47, 99".".
- Koneswaram_temple quoted "1".
- Koneswaram_temple source "Sambandar, Tevaram. Reign of Mahendravarman I".
- Koneswaram_temple source "Vyasa, Mahabharata. c.401 BCE. Corroborating the map of Ptolemy drawn four hundred years later, this text also elaborates on two ashrams of the Siddhar Agastya in the region, one near the bay and another atop the Malaya mountain range.".
- Koneswaram_temple source "— Geography of Avienus poem of Rufius Festus Avienus, 350 CE Latin geographer and writer on the island, based on Orbis descriptio by Alexandrian Greek poet Dionysius Periegetes : , mentioning the island as the great "Island of Coliadis" whose inhabitants worship the multi-towered Cholian temple to Venus on their Cholian rock promontory, phallic-shaped and located at the end of the island's Ganges river by the ocean.".
- Koneswaram_temple tamil "திருக்கோணேச்சரம்".
- Koneswaram_temple title "Mahabharata on Koneswaram".
- Koneswaram_temple title "Tevaram of Trincomalee".
- Koneswaram_temple width "150".
- Koneswaram_temple width "180".
- Koneswaram_temple width "190".
- Koneswaram_temple width "200".
- Koneswaram_temple width "210".
- Koneswaram_temple width "300".
- Koneswaram_temple subject Category:Buildings_and_structures_in_Trincomalee.
- Koneswaram_temple subject Category:Hindu_temples_in_Sri_Lanka.
- Koneswaram_temple subject Category:Padal_Petra_Stalam.
- Koneswaram_temple type Artifact100021939.
- Koneswaram_temple type Building102913152.
- Koneswaram_temple type BuildingsAndStructuresInTrincomalee.
- Koneswaram_temple type HinduTemplesInSriLanka.
- Koneswaram_temple type Object100002684.
- Koneswaram_temple type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Koneswaram_temple type PlaceOfWorship103953416.
- Koneswaram_temple type Structure104341686.