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- Lactic_acid abstract "Lactic acid is a chemical compound that plays a role in various biochemical processes and was first isolated in 1780 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Lactic acid is a carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H6O3. It has a hydroxyl group adjacent to the carboxyl group, making it an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA).In solution, it can lose a proton from the carboxyl group, producing the lactate ion CH3CH(OH)COO−. Compared to acetic acid, its pKa is 1 unit less, meaning lactic acid deprotonates ten times more easily than acetic acid does. This higher acidity is the consequence of the intramolecular hydrogen bridge between the α-hydroxyl and the carboxylate group, making the latter less capable of strongly attracting its proton.Lactic acid is miscible with water and with ethanol, and is hygroscopic.Lactic acid is chiral and has two optical isomers. One is known as L-(+)-lactic acid or (S)-lactic acid and the other, its mirror image, is D-(−)-lactic acid or (R)-lactic acid.In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of fermentation during normal metabolism and exercise. It does not increase in concentration until the rate of lactate production exceeds the rate of lactate removal, which is governed by a number of factors, including monocarboxylate transporters, concentration and isoform of LDH, and oxidative capacity of tissues. The concentration of blood lactate is usually 1–2 mmol/L at rest, but can rise to over 20 mmol/L during intense exertion.[citation needed]In industry, lactic acid fermentation is performed by lactic acid bacteria, which convert glucose and sucrose to lactic acid. These bacteria can also grow in the mouth; the acid they produce is responsible for the tooth decay known as caries.In medicine, lactate is one of the main components of lactated Ringer's solution and Hartmann's solution. These intravenous fluids consist of sodium and potassium cations along with lactate and chloride anions in solution with distilled water, generally in concentrations isotonic with human blood. It is most commonly used for fluid resuscitation after blood loss due to trauma, surgery, or burn injury.".
- Lactic_acid iupacName "2-Hydroxypropanoic acid".
- Lactic_acid thumbnail Lactic-acid-skeletal.svg?width=300.
- Lactic_acid wikiPageExternalLink lactic-acid.com.
- Lactic_acid wikiPageExternalLink 16run.html.
- Lactic_acid wikiPageExternalLink 10022381.html.
- Lactic_acid wikiPageExternalLink lactic-acid.
- Lactic_acid wikiPageID "172474".
- Lactic_acid wikiPageRevisionID "606690278".
- Lactic_acid hasPhotoCollection Lactic_acid.
- Lactic_acid imagecaption "(DL)-Lactic acid".
- Lactic_acid imagecaptionl "(L)-Lactic acid".
- Lactic_acid imagefile "Racemic lactic acid sample.jpg".
- Lactic_acid imagefilel "Lactic-acid-skeletal.svg".
- Lactic_acid imagefiler "Lactic-acid-3D-balls.png".
- Lactic_acid imagenamel "Skeletal formula of (L)-lactic acid".
- Lactic_acid imagenamer "Ball-and-stick model of (L)-lactic acid".
- Lactic_acid iupacname "2".
- Lactic_acid ka "132".
- Lactic_acid name "Lactic acid".
- Lactic_acid othernames "Milk acid".
- Lactic_acid verifiedrevid "477002503".
- Lactic_acid subject Category:Exercise_physiology.
- Lactic_acid subject Category:Food_acidity_regulators.
- Lactic_acid subject Category:Hydroxy_acids.
- Lactic_acid subject Category:Preservatives.
- Lactic_acid type ChemicalCompound.
- Lactic_acid type ChemicalSubstance.
- Lactic_acid type ChemicalSubstanceType.
- Lactic_acid type ChemicalObject.
- Lactic_acid type Thing.
- Lactic_acid comment "Lactic acid is a chemical compound that plays a role in various biochemical processes and was first isolated in 1780 by the Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Lactic acid is a carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C3H6O3. It has a hydroxyl group adjacent to the carboxyl group, making it an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA).In solution, it can lose a proton from the carboxyl group, producing the lactate ion CH3CH(OH)COO−.".
- Lactic_acid label "Acide lactique".
- Lactic_acid label "Acido lattico".
- Lactic_acid label "Kwas mlekowy".
- Lactic_acid label "Lactic acid".
- Lactic_acid label "Melkzuur".
- Lactic_acid label "Milchsäure".
- Lactic_acid label "Ácido láctico".
- Lactic_acid label "Ácido láctico".
- Lactic_acid label "Молочная кислота".
- Lactic_acid label "حمض لبني".
- Lactic_acid label "乳酸".
- Lactic_acid label "乳酸".
- Lactic_acid sameAs Kyselina_mléčná.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Milchsäure.
- Lactic_acid sameAs 2-υδροξυπροπανικό_οξύ.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Ácido_láctico.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Azido_laktiko.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Acide_lactique.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Asam_laktat.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Acido_lattico.
- Lactic_acid sameAs 乳酸.
- Lactic_acid sameAs 젖산.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Melkzuur.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Kwas_mlekowy.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Ácido_láctico.
- Lactic_acid sameAs m.0176jz.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Q161249.
- Lactic_acid sameAs Q161249.
- Lactic_acid sameAs DB04398.
- Lactic_acid sameAs 612.
- Lactic_acid wasDerivedFrom Lactic_acid?oldid=606690278.
- Lactic_acid depiction Lactic-acid-skeletal.svg.
- Lactic_acid isPrimaryTopicOf Lactic_acid.
- Lactic_acid name "Lactic acid".
