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• Liu_Shan abstract "Liu Shan (207–271), courtesy name Gongsi, was the second and last emperor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. As he ascended the throne at the age of 16, Liu Shan was entrusted to the care of the Chancellor Zhuge Liang and Imperial Secretariat Li Yan. During Liu Shan's reign, many campaigns were led against the rival state of Cao Wei, primarily by Zhuge Liang and his successor Jiang Wei, but to little avail. Liu Shan eventually surrendered to Wei in 263 after Deng Ai led a surprise attack on the Shu capital Chengdu. He was quickly relocated to Luoyang, capital of Wei, and enfeoffed as "Duke Anle". There he enjoyed his last years peacefully before dying, most probably of natural causes, in 271.Widely known by his infant name "Adou / Edou", Liu Shan was commonly perceived as an incapable, even mentally handicapped ruler. He was also accused of indulging in pleasures while neglecting state affairs. Some critics, however, believe that Liu Shan, like his father Liu Bei, had excellent people management skills, being able to balance the interests of the two major factions in his court, headed respectively by Zhuge Liang and Li Yan. These critics also praise Liu Shan for feigning incompetence in the most ingenious and natural way after the fall of Shu so as to avoid personal harm. Nevertheless, the name "Adou" is today still commonly used to describe incapable people who would not achieve anything even with significant assistance.Liu Shan's given name, when combined with that of Liu Feng, whom Liu Bei adopted before Liu Shan's birth, would become "fengshan" (封禪), meaning "to ascend the throne in a ceremony". Scholars such as Yi Zhongtian believe that this is a subtle indication of Liu Bei's (hidden) ambition to become an emperor, even long before the abdication of Emperor Xian, the last ruler of the Han Dynasty. This undermines Liu Bei's claim that he was forced to declare himself emperor so as to carry on the lineage of the Han Dynasty.As Chen Shou, the author of Records of Three Kingdoms, noted, contrary to tradition, Zhuge Liang banned official historians at Liu Shan's court, and after Zhuge's death, it appeared Liu did not revive that post. Therefore many of the events during his reign were unrecorded, causing limited details about Liu Shan's reign in historical records.".
• Liu_Shan birthDate "0207".
• Liu_Shan birthYear "0207".
• Liu_Shan deathDate "0271".
• Liu_Shan deathYear "0271".
• Liu_Shan wikiPageExternalLink liushan.htm.
• Liu_Shan wikiPageID "481537".
• Liu_Shan wikiPageRevisionID "597018700".
• Liu_Shan birthDate "207".
• Liu_Shan dateOfBirth "207".
• Liu_Shan dateOfDeath "271".
• Liu_Shan era "* Jianxing * Yanxi * Jingyao * Yanxing".
• Liu_Shan hasPhotoCollection Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan kingdom Shu_Han.
• Liu_Shan line Royal_descent.
• Liu_Shan name "Liu Shan".
• Liu_Shan name "Liu, Shan".
• Liu_Shan other "Adou / Edou".
• Liu_Shan pinyin "Líu Shàn".
• Liu_Shan post "* Duke Si of Anle * Emperor Xiaohuai".
• Liu_Shan predecessor Liu_Bei.
• Liu_Shan reason Conquest_of_Shu_by_Wei.
• Liu_Shan regent Dong_Yun.
• Liu_Shan regent Fei_Yi.
• Liu_Shan regent Jiang_Wan.
• Liu_Shan regent Jiang_Wei.
• Liu_Shan regent Zhuge_Liang.
• Liu_Shan reign "223".
• Liu_Shan simp "刘禅".
• Liu_Shan title Emperor_of_China.
• Liu_Shan title Shu_Han.
• Liu_Shan title "Duke of Anle".
• Liu_Shan title "Emperor".
• Liu_Shan trad "劉禪".
• Liu_Shan wg "Liu Sh'an".
• Liu_Shan years "223".
• Liu_Shan years "234".
• Liu_Shan years "245".
• Liu_Shan years "253".
• Liu_Shan years "264".
• Liu_Shan zi "Gongsi".
• Liu_Shan subject Category:207_births.
• Liu_Shan subject Category:271_deaths.
• Liu_Shan subject Category:Jin_Dynasty_(265–420)_people_related_to_the_Three_Kingdoms.
• Liu_Shan subject Category:Liu_Bei_and_immediate_family.
• Liu_Shan subject Category:People_from_Xiangyang.
• Liu_Shan subject Category:Shu_Han_emperors.
• Liu_Shan type CausalAgent100007347.
• Liu_Shan type Communicator109610660.
• Liu_Shan type Emperor110053004.
• Liu_Shan type HeadOfState110164747.
• Liu_Shan type JinDynasty(265%E2%80%93420)PeopleRelatedToTheThreeKingdoms.
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• Liu_Shan type Negotiator110351874.
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• Liu_Shan type Organism100004475.
• Liu_Shan type Person100007846.
• Liu_Shan type PhysicalEntity100001930.
• Liu_Shan type Representative110522035.
• Liu_Shan type Ruler110541229.
• Liu_Shan type ShuHanEmperors.
• Liu_Shan type Sovereign110628644.
• Liu_Shan type Whole100003553.
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• Liu_Shan comment "Liu Shan (207–271), courtesy name Gongsi, was the second and last emperor of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period. As he ascended the throne at the age of 16, Liu Shan was entrusted to the care of the Chancellor Zhuge Liang and Imperial Secretariat Li Yan. During Liu Shan's reign, many campaigns were led against the rival state of Cao Wei, primarily by Zhuge Liang and his successor Jiang Wei, but to little avail.".
• Liu_Shan label "Liu Chan".
• Liu_Shan label "Liu Shan".
• Liu_Shan label "Liu Shan".
• Liu_Shan label "Liu Shan".
• Liu_Shan label "Liu Shan".
• Liu_Shan label "Лю Шань".
• Liu_Shan label "刘禅".
• Liu_Shan label "劉禅".
• Liu_Shan sameAs Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan sameAs Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan sameAs Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan sameAs 劉禅.
• Liu_Shan sameAs 유선_(공사).
• Liu_Shan sameAs Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan sameAs Liu_Chan.
• Liu_Shan sameAs m.025t7mz.
• Liu_Shan sameAs Q468780.
• Liu_Shan sameAs Q468780.
• Liu_Shan sameAs Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan wasDerivedFrom Liu_Shan?oldid=597018700.
• Liu_Shan givenName "Shan".
• Liu_Shan isPrimaryTopicOf Liu_Shan.
• Liu_Shan name "Liu, Shan".
• Liu_Shan name "Shan Liu".
• Liu_Shan surname "Liu".