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• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse abstract "The Lowell Power Canal System is the largest power canal system in the United States, at 5.6 miles in length. The system's estimated output is 10,000 horsepower, operating six major canals on two levels, controlled by numerous gates. The system was begun in the 1790s, beginning its life as a transportation canal called the Pawtucket Canal, which was constructed to get logs from New Hampshire down the Merrimack River to shipbuilding centers at Newburyport, Massachusetts, bypassing the 30-plus-foot drop of the Pawtucket Falls.In the early 1820s, Associates of the recently deceased Francis Cabot Lowell bought up the old Pawtucket Canal in what was then East Chelmsford, Massachusetts. Within a few years, the new industrial center that became Lowell was using canals feeding off of a widened and deepened Pawtucket Canal as a direct power source for their textile mills. The first of these canals was the Merrimack Canal, which powered the Merrimack Manufacturing Company. The repurposing of the Proprietors of Locks and Canals allowed the Associates to sell water power to other companies, starting with the Hamilton Canal, leading to the explosive growth of the town, and then shortly thereafter, city, of Lowell.By the late 1840s, Lowell's canal system was producing as much power as possible. However, the Chief Engineer of Locks and Canals, an Englishman by the name of James B. Francis devised the Northern Canal and the Moody Street Feeder, to increase the capacity of, and availability of water to various parts of, the whole system. The Pawtucket Gatehouse was constructed to control flow from behind the Pawtucket Dam into the Northern Canal. The dam itself, which was built twenty years earlier, was lengthened at that time, diverting the entire Merrimack (during periods of lower flow) into the two canal system entrances above it. It is a stone dam topped with wooden flashboards – a system still used on this dam today. The level of the water is regulated by the flashboards and the metal pins that hold them back. When there is too much water going over the top of the dam, the pins bend backwards, releasing the boards, and the outflow of the dam is increased.The Gatehouse contains ten wooden gates that control the flow of the Merrimack into the canal. Originally, they were opened by a Francis Turbine, also an invention of James B. Francis. Today, the Gatehouse is controlled electrically and remotely by Boott Hydroelectric, who is partially a continuation of the Proprietors of Locks and Canals, and who operates a 24-megawatt hydroplant on the Northern Canal.The Canal System and the Gatehouse were designated a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the ASCE in 1984 and a Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the ASME in 1985 and are part of Lowell National Historical Park. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, and declared a National Historic Landmark the next year.".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse added "1976-08-13".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse location Lowell,_Massachusetts.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse nrhpReferenceNumber "76001972".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse thumbnail Canal_system_in_Lowell,_Massachusetts.png?width=300.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse wikiPageID "18273664".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse wikiPageRevisionID "602328763".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse yearOfConstruction "1821".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse added "1976-08-13".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse architect "Appleton,Nathan; Boott,Kirk".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse architecture "No Style Listed".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse built "1821".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse caption "A 1975 map showing the canal system".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse designatedNrhpType "1977-12-22".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse governingBody "National Park Service".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse hasPhotoCollection Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse id "ma0543".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse latDegrees "42".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse latDirection "N".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse latMinutes "38".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse latSeconds "44".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse location Lowell,_Massachusetts.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse locmapin "Massachusetts".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse longDegrees "71".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse longDirection "W".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse longMinutes "19".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse longSeconds "12".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse name "Lowell Locks and Canals Historic District".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse nrhpType "nhld".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse refnum "76001972".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse survey "MA-1".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse title "Lowell Canal System, Merrimack & Concord Rivers, Lowell, Middlesex County, MA".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Canals_in_Lowell,_Massachusetts.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Canals_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Historic_American_Engineering_Record_in_Massachusetts.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Historic_Civil_Engineering_Landmarks.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Historic_districts_in_Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Infrastructure_completed_in_1821.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:Locks_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Massachusetts.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse subject Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Middlesex_County,_Massachusetts.
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• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type ArchitecturalStructure.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type Building.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type Place.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type Wikidata:Q532.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type Place.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type Location.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse type _Feature.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse comment "The Lowell Power Canal System is the largest power canal system in the United States, at 5.6 miles in length. The system's estimated output is 10,000 horsepower, operating six major canals on two levels, controlled by numerous gates.".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse label "Lowell Power Canal System and Pawtucket Gatehouse".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse sameAs m.04ctbmq.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse sameAs Q6693255.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse sameAs Q6693255.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse lat "42.64555555555555".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse long "-71.32".
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse wasDerivedFrom Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse?oldid=602328763.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse depiction Canal_system_in_Lowell,_Massachusetts.png.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse isPrimaryTopicOf Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse.
• Lowell_Power_Canal_System_and_Pawtucket_Gatehouse name "Lowell Locks and Canals Historic District".