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- Minor_actinide abstract "The minor actinides are the actinide elements in used nuclear fuel other than uranium and plutonium, which are termed the major actinides. The minor actinides include neptunium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, and fermium. The most important isotopes in spent nuclear fuel are neptunium-237, americium-241, americium-243, curium-242 through -248, and californium-249 through -252.Plutonium and the minor actinides will be responsible for the bulk of the radiotoxicity and heat generation of used nuclear fuel in the medium term (300 to 20,000 years in the future). There are no fission products with halflife in this range.The plutonium from a power reactor tends to have a greater amount of Pu-241 than the plutonium generated by the lower burnup operations designed to create weapons-grade plutonium. Because the reactor-grade plutonium contains so much Pu-241 the presence of americium-241 makes the plutonium less suitable for making a nuclear weapon. The ingrowth of americium in plutonium is one of the methods for identifying the origin of an unknown sample of plutonium and the time since it was last separated chemically from the americium.Americium is commonly used in industry as both an alpha particle and low photon energy gamma radiation source. For instance it is used in many smoke detectors. Americium can be formed by neutron capture of Pu-239 and Pu-240 forming Pu-241 which then decays by beta decay to Am-241. In general, as the energy of the neutrons increases, the ratio of the fission cross section to the neutron capture cross section changes in favour of fission. Hence if MOX is used in a thermal reactor such as a boiling water reactor (BWR) or pressurized water reactor (PWR) then more americium can be expected in the used fuel than that from a fast neutron reactor.Some of them have been found in fallout from bomb tests. See Actinides in the environment for details of the actinides in the environment.de:Minore Actinoide".
- Minor_actinide thumbnail Sasahara.svg?width=300.
- Minor_actinide wikiPageID "3096890".
- Minor_actinide wikiPageRevisionID "596674545".
- Minor_actinide hasPhotoCollection Minor_actinide.
- Minor_actinide subject Category:Actinides.
- Minor_actinide subject Category:Chemical_element_groups.
- Minor_actinide subject Category:Nuclear_materials.
- Minor_actinide type Abstraction100002137.
- Minor_actinide type Actinides.
- Minor_actinide type Actinoid114584110.
- Minor_actinide type Group100031264.
- Minor_actinide type Material114580897.
- Minor_actinide type Matter100020827.
- Minor_actinide type NuclearMaterials.
- Minor_actinide type Part113809207.
- Minor_actinide type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Minor_actinide type Relation100031921.
- Minor_actinide type Substance100019613.
- Minor_actinide comment "The minor actinides are the actinide elements in used nuclear fuel other than uranium and plutonium, which are termed the major actinides. The minor actinides include neptunium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, and fermium.".
- Minor_actinide label "Actínidos minoritarios".
- Minor_actinide label "Minor actinide".
- Minor_actinide label "次锕系元素".
- Minor_actinide sameAs Actínidos_minoritarios.
- Minor_actinide sameAs m.08r5vj.
- Minor_actinide sameAs Q6869151.
- Minor_actinide sameAs Q6869151.
- Minor_actinide sameAs Minor_actinide.
- Minor_actinide wasDerivedFrom Minor_actinide?oldid=596674545.
- Minor_actinide depiction Sasahara.svg.
- Minor_actinide isPrimaryTopicOf Minor_actinide.