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- Nationalization abstract "Nationalization (British/Commonwealth spelling nationalisation) is the process of taking a private industry or private assets into public ownership by a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets, but may also mean assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being transferred to be the state. The opposite of nationalization is usually privatization or de-nationalization, but may also be municipalization. Industries that are usually subject to nationalization include transport, communications, energy, banking and natural resources.Renationalization occurs when state-owned assets are privatized and later nationalized again, often when a different political party or faction is in power. A renationalization process may also be called reverse privatization. Nationalization has been used to refer to either direct state-ownership and management of an enterprise or to a government acquiring a large controlling share of a nominally private, publicly listed corporation.[citation needed]Nationalization was one of the major means advocated by reformist socialists for transitioning from capitalism to socialism. Socialist ideologies that favor nationalization are typically called state socialism. In this context, the goals of nationalization were to dispossess large capitalists and redirect the profits of industry to the public purse, as a precursor to the long-term goals of establishing worker-management and reorganizing production toward use.Nationalized industries, charged with operating in the public interest, may be under strong political and social pressures to give much more attention to externalities. They may be obliged to operate loss-making activities where social benefits are clearly greater than social costs — for example, rural postal and transport services. As an instance, the United States Postal Service is guaranteed its nationalized status by the Constitution. The government has recognized these social obligations and, in some cases, provides subsidies for such non-commercial operations.Since nationalized industries are state owned, the government is responsible for meeting any debts. The nationalized industries do not normally borrow from the domestic market other than for short-term borrowing. If they are profitable, the profit is often used to finance other state services, such as social programs and government research, which can help lower the tax burden.Nationalization may occur with or without compensation to the former owners. Nationalization is distinguished from property redistribution in that the government retains control of nationalized property. Some nationalizations take place when a government seizes property acquired illegally. For example, in 1945 the French government seized the car-makers Renault because its owners had collaborated with the Nazi occupiers of France.".
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- Nationalization wikiPageExternalLink www.ipoliticalrisk.com.
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- Nationalization wikiPageID "1062429".
- Nationalization wikiPageRevisionID "600375645".
- Nationalization hasPhotoCollection Nationalization.
- Nationalization subject Category:Nationalization.
- Nationalization comment "Nationalization (British/Commonwealth spelling nationalisation) is the process of taking a private industry or private assets into public ownership by a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets, but may also mean assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being transferred to be the state. The opposite of nationalization is usually privatization or de-nationalization, but may also be municipalization.".
- Nationalization label "Estatización".
- Nationalization label "Nacionalização".
- Nationalization label "Nacjonalizacja".
- Nationalization label "Nationalisation".
- Nationalization label "Nationalisering".
- Nationalization label "Nationalization".
- Nationalization label "Verstaatlichung".
- Nationalization label "Национализация".
- Nationalization label "تأميم".
- Nationalization label "国有化".
- Nationalization label "國有化".
- Nationalization sameAs Znárodnění.
- Nationalization sameAs Verstaatlichung.
- Nationalization sameAs Εθνικοποίηση.
- Nationalization sameAs Estatización.
- Nationalization sameAs Nazionalizazio.
- Nationalization sameAs Nationalisation.
- Nationalization sameAs Nasionalisasi.
- Nationalization sameAs 国有化.
- Nationalization sameAs 국유화.
- Nationalization sameAs Nationalisering.
- Nationalization sameAs Nacjonalizacja.
- Nationalization sameAs Nacionalização.
- Nationalization sameAs m.042px7.
- Nationalization sameAs Q178564.
- Nationalization sameAs Q178564.
- Nationalization wasDerivedFrom Nationalization?oldid=600375645.
- Nationalization isPrimaryTopicOf Nationalization.