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- Niacin abstract "Niacin (also known as vitamin B3 and nicotinic acid) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NO2 and, depending on the definition used, one of the 20 to 80 essential human nutrients.Not enough niacin in the diet can cause nausea, skin and mouth lesions, anemia, headaches, and tiredness. Chronic Niacin deficiency leads to a disease called pellagra. The lack of niacin may also be observed in pandemic deficiency disease which is caused by a lack of five crucial vitamins: niacin, vitamin C, thiamin, vitamin D and vitamin A, and is usually found in areas of widespread poverty and malnutrition.Niacin has been used for over 50 years to increase levels of HDL in the blood and has been found to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events modestly in a number of controlled human trials.This colorless, water-soluble solid is a derivative of pyridine, with a carboxyl group (COOH) at the 3-position. Other forms of vitamin B3 include the corresponding amide, nicotinamide ("niacinamide"), where the carboxyl group has been replaced by a carboxamide group (CONH2), as well as more complex amides and a variety of esters. Nicotinic acid and niacinamide are convertible to each other with steady world demand rising from 8,500 tonnes per year in 1980s to 40,000 in recent years.Niacin cannot be directly converted to nicotinamide, but both compounds are precursors of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) in vivo. NAD converts to NADP by phosphorylation in the presence of the enzyme NAD+ kinase. NADP and NAD are coenzymes for many dehydrogenases, participating in many hydrogen transfer processes. NAD is important in catabolism of fat, carbohydrate, protein, and alcohol, as well as cell signaling and DNA repair, and NADP mostly in anabolism reactions such as fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis. High energy requirements (brain) or high turnover rate (gut, skin) organs are usually the most susceptible to their deficiency.Although the two are identical in their vitamin activity, nicotinamide does not have the same pharmacological effects (lipid modifying effects) as niacin. Nicotinamide does not reduce cholesterol or cause flushing. Niacin is involved in both DNA repair, and the production of steroid hormones in the adrenal gland.".
- Niacin iupacName "pyridine-3-carboxylic acid".
- Niacin thumbnail Niacin_structure.svg?width=300.
- Niacin wikiPageExternalLink vitamins-b3-found-meteorites-study-6534-2014.
- Niacin wikiPageExternalLink a0ff3e1e-34f2-4398-9475-e87a489ef5a2.aspx.
- Niacin wikiPageExternalLink ?ligand=NIO.
- Niacin wikiPageID "37996".
- Niacin wikiPageRevisionID "606684234".
- Niacin hasPhotoCollection Niacin.
- Niacin imagefilel "Niacin_structure.svg".
- Niacin imagefiler "Niacin-3D-balls.png".
- Niacin imagenamel "Kekulé, skeletal formula of niacin".
- Niacin imagenamer "Ball and stick model of niacin".
- Niacin iupacname "pyridine-3-carboxylic acid".
- Niacin othernames "Bionic".
- Niacin othernames "Vitamin B3".
- Niacin systematicname "Pyridine-3-carboxylic acid".
- Niacin verifiedrevid "408767536".
- Niacin watchedfields "changed".
- Niacin subject Category:B_vitamins.
- Niacin subject Category:Hypolipidemic_agents.
- Niacin subject Category:Nicotinic_acids.
- Niacin type ChemicalCompound.
- Niacin type ChemicalSubstance.
- Niacin type ChemicalSubstanceType.
- Niacin type ChemicalObject.
- Niacin type Thing.
- Niacin comment "Niacin (also known as vitamin B3 and nicotinic acid) is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NO2 and, depending on the definition used, one of the 20 to 80 essential human nutrients.Not enough niacin in the diet can cause nausea, skin and mouth lesions, anemia, headaches, and tiredness. Chronic Niacin deficiency leads to a disease called pellagra.".
- Niacin label "Niacin".
- Niacin label "Niacina".
- Niacin label "Niacina".
- Niacin label "Nicotinezuur".
- Niacin label "Nicotinsäure".
- Niacin label "Vitamina B3".
- Niacin label "Vitamine B3".
- Niacin label "Witamina B3".
- Niacin label "Никотиновая кислота".
- Niacin label "نياسين".
- Niacin label "ナイアシン".
- Niacin label "烟酸".
- Niacin sameAs Niacin.
- Niacin sameAs Nicotinsäure.
- Niacin sameAs Vitamina_B3.
- Niacin sameAs B3_bitamina.
- Niacin sameAs Vitamine_B3.
- Niacin sameAs Niasin.
- Niacin sameAs Niacina.
- Niacin sameAs ナイアシン.
- Niacin sameAs 나이아신.
- Niacin sameAs Nicotinezuur.
- Niacin sameAs Witamina_B3.
- Niacin sameAs Niacina.
- Niacin sameAs m.09gvd.
- Niacin sameAs Q134658.
- Niacin sameAs Q134658.
- Niacin sameAs DB00627.
- Niacin sameAs 937.
- Niacin wasDerivedFrom Niacin?oldid=606684234.
- Niacin depiction Niacin_structure.svg.
- Niacin isPrimaryTopicOf Niacin.
