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- Nitrophosphate_process abstract "The nitrophosphate process (also known as the Odda process) was a method for the industrial production of nitrogen fertilizers invented by Erling Johnson in the city of Odda, Norway around 1927.The process involves acidifying phosphate rock with nitric acid to produce a mixture of phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate.Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 HNO3 + 12 H2O → 2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 12 H2OThe mixture is cooled to below 0 °C, where the calcium nitrate crystallizes and can be separated from the phosphoric acid.2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 12 H2O → 2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2.4H2OThe resulting calcium nitrate produces nitrogen fertilizer. The filtrate is composed mainly of phosphoric acid with some nitric acid and traces of calcium nitrate, and this is neutralized with ammonia to produce a compound fertilizer.Ca(NO3)2 + 4 H3PO4 + 8 NH3 → CaHPO4 + 2 NH4NO3 + 3(NH4)2HPO4If potassium chloride or potassium sulfate is added, the result will be NPK fertilizer. The process was an innovation for requiring neither the expensive sulfuric acid nor producing gypsum waste.The calcium nitrate mentioned before, can as said be worked up as calcium nitrate fertilizer but often it is converted into ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate using carbon dioxide and ammonia.Ca(NO3)2 + 2 NH3 + CO2 + H2O → 2 NH4NO3 + CaCO3Both products can be worked up together as straight nitrogen fertilizer.Although Johnson created the process while working for the Odda Smelteverk, his company never employed it. Instead, it licensed the process to Norsk Hydro, BASF, Hoechst, and DSM. Each of these companies used the process, introduced variations, and licensed it to other companies. Today, only Yara (Norsk Hydro), BASF, AgroLinz, and GNFC still use the Odda process. Due to the alterations of the process by the various companies who employed it, the process is now generally referred to as the nitrophosphate process. Due to the byproduct ammonium nitrate which has lower value, the production of ammonium nitrophosphate fertilizer is not economical compared to diammonium phosphate which is produced from cheaper sulfuric acid or gypsum..".
- Nitrophosphate_process wikiPageID "767350".
- Nitrophosphate_process wikiPageRevisionID "560604905".
- Nitrophosphate_process hasPhotoCollection Nitrophosphate_process.
- Nitrophosphate_process subject Category:Chemical_processes.
- Nitrophosphate_process type ChemicalProcess113446390.
- Nitrophosphate_process type ChemicalProcesses.
- Nitrophosphate_process type NaturalProcess113518963.
- Nitrophosphate_process type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Nitrophosphate_process type Process100029677.
- Nitrophosphate_process comment "The nitrophosphate process (also known as the Odda process) was a method for the industrial production of nitrogen fertilizers invented by Erling Johnson in the city of Odda, Norway around 1927.The process involves acidifying phosphate rock with nitric acid to produce a mixture of phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate.Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 HNO3 + 12 H2O → 2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 12 H2OThe mixture is cooled to below 0 °C, where the calcium nitrate crystallizes and can be separated from the phosphoric acid.2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2 + 12 H2O → 2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(NO3)2.4H2OThe resulting calcium nitrate produces nitrogen fertilizer. ".
- Nitrophosphate_process label "Nitrophosphate process".
- Nitrophosphate_process label "Oddaprocedé".
- Nitrophosphate_process label "Processo di Odda".
- Nitrophosphate_process label "Procédé d'Odda".
- Nitrophosphate_process label "Процесс нитрования".
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs Procédé_d'Odda.
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs Processo_di_Odda.
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs Oddaprocedé.
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs m.039tj8.
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs Q1992881.
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs Q1992881.
- Nitrophosphate_process sameAs Nitrophosphate_process.
- Nitrophosphate_process wasDerivedFrom Nitrophosphate_process?oldid=560604905.
- Nitrophosphate_process isPrimaryTopicOf Nitrophosphate_process.