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• Noturus_miurus abstract "The Brindled Madtom (Noturus miurus) is one of the 324 fish species found in Tennessee.Noturus miurus (Brindled Madtom)Introduction: Noturus miurus, Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) is a small (50–76 cm) member of the Siluriformes, North American catfish family (Ictaluridae).Noturus miurus, along with other Noturus species, have a caudally-fused adipose fin which extends from the caudal fin and runs nearly to the dorsal fin. The caudal fin spreads around the caudal peduncle, terminating just prior to the anal fin. The species has smooth skin without scales and possesses four pairs of barbells along the premaxilla and dentary. The brindled Madtom is laterally compressed along the caudal peduncle and has a dorsally compressed anterior from the pelvic fins to the jaw. Noturus miurus is light brown, with dark dorsal splotches along the tip and two conspicuous saddle marks just behind the dorsal fin. The dorsal fin has a dark, spotted blotch on the tip and is located between the pectoral and pelvic fins. Geographic Distribution of Species: The habitat range is in the Eastern United States, west of the Appalachian/Blue Ridge Mountains and from the lower Great Lakes drainage, southwest to Louisiana. River systems included are the Cache (OH), Huron, Mississippi and Ohio river basins, Pearl River, Wabash (IL) and Lake Ponchartrain (LA) drainage into the Gulf, (Burr et al. 1982). Noturus miurus thrives in clean, benthic regions of pools in swift streams and rivers that have moderate siltation over a cobble or heavily textured bottom (Turner 2006). This species is endangered in MO, KS, PA and MI and is federally listed as threatened. It can be suggested that the decline in this species is a direct result of dams and other anthropogenic influences on water quality. Dams catalyze habitat disturbance in the form of exponential siltation and a lowered oxygen level by impounding the downstream flow of water and resources. Additionally, there are countless other anthropogenic disturbances that affect this species throughout its range.Ecology: According to a 1982 study by Burr, the quantitative diet of Noturus miurus was determined via dissection of stomach contents which “[…] contained mostly dipteran larvae and pupae, ephemeropteran naiads, trichopteran larvae and adult isopods, […], chironomids and simuliids were most frequently eaten. Ephemeropteran larvae, including the genera Potamanthus and Stenonema, were second in frequency, and trichopteran larvae, primarily the genus Chematopsyche, were third in frequency. Among crustacea, Lirceus and a variety of copepods were next in importance in the diet. Worms, other microcrustaceans, other aquatic insects and fish and plant material made only small contributions to the total diet,” (Burr et al. 1982). Predation upon adult specimens of Noturus miurus is primarily from upper trophic-level aquatic predators such as Lepisosteus osseus (longnose gar). The egg clutches are a viable food source for multiple opportunistic species from crustaceans, to insects to other fishes. Although most other Noturus species occur primarily in riffles, Noturus miurus occurs primarily in moderately silted pools with heavy texture and mild currents and thrives in water with consistent temperatures around 25-27 degrees Celsius, making it a warm-water fish according to Coker (Coker 2001). Temperatures above 30 degrees are not well tolerated, and mass mortalities observed at temperatures above 33 degrees Celsius, (Bailey, 1955).Life History: It takes one year for females and two years for males to mature sexually and nesting/reproduction extends from May to July, with regional variance according to water temperature rising above twenty four degrees Celsius, (Burr et al. 1982). When reproduction begins, the mating pair guards their clutch of 50-100 eggs, which is usually deposited in a protective shelter with a very small opening such as under rocks or in bottles/cans that litter the waterways; and these shelters are layered with mud or silt by the parents, (Burr et al. 1982). Noturus miurus can produce multiple clutches per year and the average lifespan of Noturus miurus is about 3 years, with most specimens being found in the 2 year old range, (Burr et al.1982). The selective nature of this species as it relates to reproduction habitat puts the reproductive fitness of the species as a whole, in jeopardy. Since this species prefers a substrate which has equal stone, cobble, sediment and texture which provides shelter and preferred nesting opportunities (Burr et al. 1982), even the slightest disturbance can drastically alter and distort the balance needed for fitness. The decrease in preferred habitat has contributed to the decline of various species of Madtoms, leading to an inter-species breeding, specifically between Noturus miurus and Noturus gyrinus (Menzel 1973), which may lead to further chromosomal evolution within this species as identified by LeGrand’s study (LeGrand 1981).Current Management: The lion’s share of aquatic species management heavily represents the game-fish species, which is an industry in itself; thus little attention has been paid to the management of smaller, non-game fishes unless they happen to be endangered. This unfortunate neglect in our management responsibilities has led to countless extinction of species spanning the last century. Noturus miurus is listed as threatened, thus specific attention and efforts must be paid towards improving the fitness of this species. Dams threaten madtom habitat and although medium and large dams have catastrophic effects upon aquatic systems, smaller-scale, low-water dams which impound minimal water flow and only during periods of very low water levels can create pooling (Buchanan 2005) which may increase preferred habitats for Noturus miurus. However, it should be noted that the effects of all impoundments reach far upstream and far downstream have both been determined to affect the composition of fish populations (Phillips et al., 2000). Therefore specific attention should be paid to individual Microsystems and how all anthropogenic disturbance affects these systems and their interactions with others. Before accurate and specific aquatic management plans can be safely implemented to help ensure the overall fitness of the ecosystems we must acknowledge our responsibility to limit our disturbances whenever possible.Management Recommendations: Resources are the fabric upon which all of life is built, and water is arguably at the pinnacle, in terms of significance to life. The necessity of protecting our water is increasing exponentially as our population multiplies in concert with anthropogenic disturbance. Aquatic disturbances such as dams, runoff, siltation and pollution represent only a portion of the litany of detrimental human impact thrust upon our lakes, rivers and streams. What may appear to casual observation as a superficial impact may actually be the catalyst of extensive ripple effects that threaten multiple ecosystems and trophic levels from producers to apex predators. We have an inherent responsibility to identify, limit and manage all anthropogenic impact, from the seemingly innocuous to the obviously cataclysmic. Noturus miurus, (along with many other species) are not tolerant to anthropogenic disturbance and the protection of these species can be accomplished through a multitude of ways. Anthropogenic run-off needs to be curbed and controlled via increased storm water management and containment infrastructures which allow the silt and other material to settle before the water is permitted to enter our waterways. Dams, which afflict our waterways with massive siltation effects and un-natural, large-scale habitat restructuring, must be modified with modern technologies to oxygenate the water and minimize the overall impact of the dam on aquatic habitats. Additionally, current habitats affected by anthropogenic impacts should be studied for ways to increase the number of Noturus microhabitats within sections of waterways, which will decrease competition between the species and increase genetic diversity within given populations (Turner et al. 2006).".
• Noturus_miurus binomialAuthority David_Starr_Jordan.
• Noturus_miurus class Actinopterygii.
• Noturus_miurus family Ictaluridae.
• Noturus_miurus genus Madtom.
• Noturus_miurus kingdom Animal.
• Noturus_miurus order Catfish.
• Noturus_miurus phylum Chordate.
• Noturus_miurus thumbnail Noturus_miurus_(Madtom).jpg?width=300.
• Noturus_miurus wikiPageExternalLink Fishlist.html.
• Noturus_miurus wikiPageID "32486003".
• Noturus_miurus wikiPageRevisionID "605146323".
• Noturus_miurus binomial "Noturus miurus".
• Noturus_miurus binomialAuthority "D. S. Jordan, 1877".
• Noturus_miurus classis Actinopterygii.
• Noturus_miurus familia Ictaluridae.
• Noturus_miurus genus "Noturus".
• Noturus_miurus hasPhotoCollection Noturus_miurus.
• Noturus_miurus name "Brindled Madtom".
• Noturus_miurus ordo Catfish.
• Noturus_miurus phylum Chordate.
• Noturus_miurus regnum Animal.
• Noturus_miurus species "N. miurus".
• Noturus_miurus subject Category:Noturus.
• Noturus_miurus type Animal.
• Noturus_miurus type Eukaryote.
• Noturus_miurus type Fish.
• Noturus_miurus type Species.
• Noturus_miurus type Organism.
• Noturus_miurus comment "The Brindled Madtom (Noturus miurus) is one of the 324 fish species found in Tennessee.Noturus miurus (Brindled Madtom)Introduction: Noturus miurus, Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) is a small (50–76 cm) member of the Siluriformes, North American catfish family (Ictaluridae).Noturus miurus, along with other Noturus species, have a caudally-fused adipose fin which extends from the caudal fin and runs nearly to the dorsal fin.".
• Noturus_miurus label "Noturus miurus".
• Noturus_miurus label "Noturus miurus".
• Noturus_miurus label "Noturus miurus".
• Noturus_miurus label "斑紋石鮰".
• Noturus_miurus sameAs Noturus_miurus.
• Noturus_miurus sameAs Noturus_miurus.
• Noturus_miurus sameAs m.0h1fl9c.
• Noturus_miurus sameAs Q3754033.
• Noturus_miurus sameAs Q3754033.
• Noturus_miurus wasDerivedFrom Noturus_miurus?oldid=605146323.
• Noturus_miurus depiction Noturus_miurus_(Madtom).jpg.
• Noturus_miurus isPrimaryTopicOf Noturus_miurus.
• Noturus_miurus name "Brindled Madtom".