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- Nucleoside_triphosphate abstract "A nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) is a molecule containing a nucleoside bound to three phosphates. Nucleotide derivatives are necessary for life, as they are building blocks of nucleic acids and have thousands of other roles in cell metabolism and regulation. NTPs generally provide energy and phosphate group for phosphorylations.Natural nucleoside triphosphates include adenosine triphosphate (ATP), guanosine triphosphate (GTP), cytidine triphosphate (CTP), 5-methyluridine triphosphate (m5UTP), and uridine triphosphate (UTP). ATP is a major source of cellular energy. GTP is a very frequent cofactor of enzymes and proteins.The terms ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP refer to those nucleoside triphosphates that contain ribose. The nucleoside triphosphates containing deoxyribose are called dNTPs, and take the prefix deoxy- in their names and small d- in their abbreviations: deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP), deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP), deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP) and deoxyuridine triphosphate. The dNTPs are the building blocks for DNA (they lose two of the phosphate groups in the process of incorporation). Apart from (d)ATP, (d)GTP, (d)CTP, (d)TTP and (d)UTP, there are other less abundant NTPs, such as intermediates of nucleotide metabolism, but also "rare" natural nucleotides or even artificial nucleotides. The rare NTPs are tautomeric forms of the NTPs. They cause mismatched base pairing during DNA replication. For example, a tautomeric form of cytosine is capable of forming 3 h-bonds with adenine, and it will spontaneously revert to its original cytosine form, causing a mismatch. By a similar token, the deamination of cytosine leads to uracil, whereas a deamination of a commonly encountered (in eukaryotes) 5-methylcytosine will lead to thymine. However, the 5' to 3' DNA replication ensures that these mismatched bases are excised.Generally nucleosides are nucleotides (sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base, such as adenine, guanine, cytosine...) that lack phosphates. However, for the sake of technical terminology, nucleotides are given classifications as nucleosides with a suffix describing the number of phosphates present in a specific unit. For example, if a nucleotide has one phosphate, it is a nucleoside monophosphate (NMP). If the nucleotide has two phosphates, then it is called a nucleoside diphosphate (NDP), and for three, it is a nucleoside triphosphate (NTP). The nucleotides that contain a ribose sugar are the monomers of RNA and those that contain a deoxyribose sugar compose DNA. NTPs, NDPs and NMPs are ubiquitous in cell cytoplasm, nucleus and organelles. Given their multifarious functions, their levels are under fairly tight metabolic control. Most of the discussion on mutual ratios of nucleotides should belong under entry nucleotide, but concentrating strictly on the abundance of the triphosphorylated versions, we find that ATP spending is replenished by oxidative phosphorylation, while phosphorylation status of other nucleotides is regulated by NDP kinases (EC 2.7.4.6) and NMP kinases (EC 2.7.4.4) that use ATP pool as their cross-phosphorylation source.".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate wikiPageExternalLink 2.7.4.4.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate wikiPageExternalLink 2.7.4.6.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate wikiPageID "848862".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate wikiPageRevisionID "584631481".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate hasPhotoCollection Nucleoside_triphosphate.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate subject Category:Nucleic_acids.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate subject Category:Nucleotides.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Abstraction100002137.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Chemical114806838.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Compound114818238.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Ester114850483.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Macromolecule114944888.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Material114580897.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Matter100020827.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Molecule114682133.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type NucleicAcid114964129.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type NucleicAcids.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Nucleotide114964590.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Nucleotides.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type OrganicCompound114727670.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Part113809207.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Relation100031921.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Substance100019613.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Thing100002452.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate type Unit109465459.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate comment "A nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) is a molecule containing a nucleoside bound to three phosphates. Nucleotide derivatives are necessary for life, as they are building blocks of nucleic acids and have thousands of other roles in cell metabolism and regulation.".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "DNTP".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "DNTP".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "DNTP".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "Nucleoside triphosphate".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "Nukleosidtriphosphate".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "Нуклеозидтрифосфат".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "ヌクレオシド三リン酸".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate label "核苷三磷酸".
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs Nukleosidtriphosphate.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs DNTP.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs DNTP.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs ヌクレオシド三リン酸.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs DNTP.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs m.03gwg2.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs Q418533.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs Q418533.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate sameAs Nucleoside_triphosphate.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate wasDerivedFrom Nucleoside_triphosphate?oldid=584631481.
- Nucleoside_triphosphate isPrimaryTopicOf Nucleoside_triphosphate.